Compounds > kethoxal
Page last updated: 2024-09-22

kethoxal

Description

kethoxal: modifies guanine containing oligoribonucleotides by reacting selectively with guanine in polynucleotides. Drug is hydrate of 3-ethoxy-2-oxobutyraldehyde [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

1,1-dihydroxy-3-ethoxy-2-butanone : A butanone derivative having two hydroxy substituents at the 1-position and an ethoxy substituent at the 3-position. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID34006
CHEMBL ID2106348
CHEBI ID59052
SCHEMBL ID60738
MeSH IDM0046461

Synonyms (30)

Synonym
1,1-dihydroxy-3-ethoxy-2-butanone
3-ethoxy-1,1-dihydroxybutan-2-one
CHEBI:59052 ,
chetossale
ketoxalum
ketoxalum [inn-latin]
u 2032
3-ethoxy-1,1-dihydroxy-2-butanone
chetossale [dcit]
2-butanone, 3-ethoxy-1,1-dihydroxy-
beta-ethoxy-alpha-ketobutyraldehyde
ccris 5167
kethoxal [usan]
kethoxal
27762-78-3
kethoxal (usan/inn)
D04651
FT-0693443
AKOS006274955
mfcd00211044
unii-e00mdp82s4
ketoxal
ketoxal [inn]
u-2032
e00mdp82s4 ,
CHEMBL2106348
SCHEMBL60738
kethoxal [mi]
DTXSID90950449
Q25112687

Roles (1)

RoleDescription
antiinfective agentA substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of infectious diseases.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
butanoneAny ketone that is butane substituted by an oxo group at unspecified position.
aldehyde hydrateA 1,1-diol resulting from the formal addition of water to the carbonyl group of a aldehyde.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (68)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199026 (38.24)18.7374
1990's21 (30.88)18.2507
2000's17 (25.00)29.6817
2010's1 (1.47)24.3611
2020's3 (4.41)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other68 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceDescriptionRelationhip StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
guanine[no description available]medium702-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
azides[no description available]medium10pseudohalide anionmitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
4-toluenesulfonic acid[no description available]medium10arenesulfonic acid;
toluenes
dimethyl sulfate[no description available]medium270alkyl sulfatealkylating agent;
immunosuppressive agent
guanosine triphosphate[no description available]medium10guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
hygromycin b[no description available]medium10
guanosine[no description available]medium30guanosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		fundamental metabolite
2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate[no description available]medium10deoxyguanosine phosphate;
guanyl deoxyribonucleotide;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
inosine[no description available]medium10inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl)carbodiimide[no description available]medium130carbodiimide;
morpholines		cross-linking reagent
cme-carbodiimide[no description available]medium190
arginine[no description available]medium30arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
ethylnitrosourea[no description available]medium10N-nitrosoureasalkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
mutagen
diethyl pyrocarbonate[no description available]medium30acyclic carboxylic anhydride
phosphorus radioisotopes[no description available]medium10
ethidium[no description available]medium10phenanthridinesfluorochrome;
intercalator
oligonucleotides[no description available]medium30
anticodon[no description available]medium40
carbodiimides[no description available]medium40carbodiimide
dimethyl sulfide[no description available]medium10aliphatic sulfidealgal metabolite;
bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
marine metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide[no description available]medium20sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger
phenyl acetate[no description available]medium10benzenes;
phenyl acetates
spectinomycin[no description available]medium10cyclic acetal;
cyclic hemiketal;
cyclic ketone;
pyranobenzodioxin;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
adenine[no description available]medium106-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uracil[no description available]medium10pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
virginiamycin[no description available]medium10
hydroxyl radical[no description available]medium10oxygen hydride;
oxygen radical;
reactive oxygen species
selenocysteine[no description available]medium20
lead[no description available]medium10carbon group element atom;
elemental lead;
metal atom		neurotoxin
guanosine monophosphate[no description available]medium10guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
bradykinin[no description available]medium10oligopeptidehuman blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent
sulfur[no description available]medium10chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
guanosine 5'-monophosphorothioate[no description available]medium10
adenosine[no description available]medium10adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
uridine[no description available]medium10uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
ficusin[no description available]medium10psoralensplant metabolite
thiouridine[no description available]medium10nucleoside analogue;
thiouridine		affinity label;
antimetabolite
2-thiouridine[no description available]medium10nucleoside analogue;
thiouridine
imidazole[no description available]medium10imidazole
paromomycin[no description available]medium10amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
spermine[no description available]medium10polyazaalkane;
tetramine		antioxidant;
fundamental metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
puromycin[no description available]medium10puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
n-cyclohexyl-n'-2-morpholinoethyl-carbodiimide-methyl-4-toluolsulfonate[no description available]medium30
phosphorylcholine[no description available]medium10phosphocholinesallergen;
epitope;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pyrimidine[no description available]medium10diazine;
pyrimidines		Daphnia magna metabolite
iodine[no description available]medium10diatomic iodinenutrient
lysine[no description available]medium10aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
vidarabine[no description available]medium10beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
sodium bisulfite[no description available]medium10inorganic sodium salt;
sulfite salt		allergen;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
mutagen;
reducing agent
glyoxal[no description available]medium10dialdehydeagrochemical;
allergen;
pesticide;
plant growth regulator
diacetyl[no description available]medium10alpha-diketoneEscherichia coli metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyruvaldehyde[no description available]medium102-oxo aldehyde;
propanals		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mitomycin[no description available]medium10mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
sulfites[no description available]medium10divalent inorganic anion;
sulfur oxide;
sulfur oxoanion
salicylic acid[no description available]low00monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
chlorhexidine[no description available]low00biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent
cinoxacin[no description available]low00cinnolines;
oxacycle;
oxo carboxylic acid		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
ciprofloxacin[no description available]low00aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
clotrimazole[no description available]low00conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes		antiinfective agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
dapsone[no description available]low00substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
furazolidone[no description available]low00nitrofuran antibiotic;
oxazolidines		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
oxolinic acid[no description available]low00aromatic carboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
enzyme inhibitor
sulfadiazine[no description available]low00pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
coccidiostat;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfacetamide[no description available]low00N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
substituted aniline		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine[no description available]low00aromatic ether;
pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfaguanidine[no description available]low00sulfonamide antibioticantiinfective agent
sulfamerazine[no description available]low00pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen
sulfameter[no description available]low00pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
leprostatic drug;
renal agent
sulfamethazine[no description available]low00pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ligand;
xenobiotic
sulfamethizole[no description available]low00sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole[no description available]low00isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfamethoxypyridazine[no description available]low00pyridazines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfapyridine[no description available]low00pyridines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
dermatologic drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfathiazole[no description available]low001,3-thiazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfisomidine[no description available]low00pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent
gatifloxacin[no description available]low00N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
cycloserine[no description available]low004-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
aminacrine[no description available]low00aminoacridines;
primary amino compound		acid-base indicator;
antiinfective agent;
antiseptic drug;
fluorescent dye;
MALDI matrix material;
mutagen
fentichlor[no description available]low00aryl sulfide;
bridged diphenyl antifungal drug;
monochlorobenzenes;
polyphenol		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen
cycloguanil[no description available]low00triazinesantifolate;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
emetine[no description available]low00isoquinoline alkaloid;
pyridoisoquinoline		antiamoebic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
expectorant;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
acetylcysteine[no description available]low00acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
nitroxoline[no description available]low00C-nitro compound;
monohydroxyquinoline		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
renal agent
ornidazole[no description available]low00C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
organochlorine compound;
secondary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antitrichomonal drug;
epitope
phenoxyethanol[no description available]low00aromatic ether;
glycol ether;
primary alcohol		antiinfective agent;
central nervous system depressant
amdinocillin[no description available]low00penicillinantibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
ribavirin[no description available]low001-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
pefloxacin[no description available]low00fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
ciprofloxacin hydrochloride anhydrous[no description available]low00hydrochlorideantibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
bicozamycin[no description available]low00azabicycloalkane;
bridged compound		antibacterial agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
antiinfective agent
brodimoprim[no description available]low00aminopyrimidine;
bromobenzenes;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
tosufloxacin, 4-toluene sulfonate[no description available]low00racemateantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
amdinocillin pivoxil[no description available]low00penicillanic acid ester;
penicillin;
pivaloyloxymethyl ester		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
prodrug
tazobactam[no description available]low00penicillanic acids;
triazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
rosoxacin[no description available]low00pyridines;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
solasodine[no description available]low00alkaloid antibiotic;
azaspiro compound;
hemiaminal ether;
oxaspiro compound;
sapogenin;
steroid alkaloid		anticonvulsant;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antipyretic;
antispermatogenic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cardiotonic drug;
central nervous system depressant;
diuretic;
immunomodulator;
plant metabolite;
teratogenic agent
micafungin[no description available]low00antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
costunolide[no description available]low00germacranolide;
heterobicyclic compound		anthelminthic drug;
antiinfective agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antiviral drug;
metabolite
cerulenin[no description available]low00epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
oxiconazole[no description available]low00conazole antifungal drug;
dichlorobenzene;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
oxime O-ether		antiinfective agent
sulfacetamide sodium[no description available]low00hydrate;
organic sodium salt		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
nitrofurantoin[no description available]low00imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
cilofungin[no description available]low00antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
sgd 301-76[no description available]low00conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
organic nitrate salt		antiinfective agent
nifurtoinol[no description available]low00hydrazone;
imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
aminocandin[no description available]low00aromatic ether;
echinocandin;
homodetic cyclic peptide		antiinfective agent
methylamphotericin b[no description available]low00macrolide;
methyl ester;
monosaccharide derivative		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
metabolite
tazobactam sodium[no description available]low00organic sodium saltantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
benzoylmesaconine[no description available]low00benzoate ester;
bridged compound;
diterpene alkaloid;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
polyether;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrol		analgesic;
antiinfective agent;
plant metabolite
ganciclovir[no description available]low002-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug
methylethyl ketone[no description available]low00butanone;
dialkyl ketone;
methyl ketone;
volatile organic compound		bacterial metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent
florantyrone[no description available]low00butanone
menbutone[no description available]low00butanone
malabaricone c[no description available]low00butanonemetabolite
1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)heptane-1,2-dione[no description available]low00butanone
1-(2-naphthalenyl)hexane-1,4-dione[no description available]low00butanone
2-methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)butan-1-one[no description available]low00butanone
chloral hydrate[no description available]low00aldehyde hydrate;
ethanediol;
organochlorine compound		general anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
sedative;
xenobiotic
methylene glycol[no description available]low00aldehyde hydrate;
methanediols;
one-carbon compound
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Disease Models, Animal0low10
Herpes Simplex0low10
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection0low10
Sensitivity and Specificity0low10