fk 453 profile

FK 453: adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; a new antihypertensive agent with diuretic action in isolated rabbit aorta; FR113452 is the S-(-) enantiomer of FK 453 [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	6439091
CHEMBL ID	440115
SCHEMBL ID	3074643
SCHEMBL ID	2826910
MeSH ID	M0207175

Synonym
(r)-1-(2-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
bdbm50079652
1-[2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-piperidin-1-yl]-3-(2-phenyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-propenone
(e)-1-[(r)-2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-piperidin-1-yl]-3-(2-phenyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-propenone
fk-453
fr-453
fr-113453
fr 113453
2-piperidineethanol, 1-(1-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-3-yl)-2-propenyl)-, (r-(e))-
(+)-(r)-(1-(e)-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-3-yl)acryl)-2-piperidine ethanol
(+)-(r)-((e)-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-3-yl)acryloyl)-2-piperidineethanol
(r-(e))-1-(1-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-3-yl)-2-propenyl)-2-piperidineethanol
fr 113452
fr113453
fr113452
fk 453
CHEMBL440115 ,
fk453
(e)-1-[(2r)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-1-yl]-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
121524-18-3
gtpl5606
SCHEMBL3074643
SCHEMBL2826910
Q27077297
(2e)-1-[(2r)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperidinyl]-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-2-propen-1-one
DTXSID001113375
AKOS040748355

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Pretreatment with FK 453 also potentiated relaxing effects of nitroglycerin and isoproterenol on the PGF2 alpha response."	( Characteristics of vasoinhibitory action of FK 453 (a pyrazolo-pyridine derivative), a new antihypertensive agent with diuretic action in isolated rabbit aorta. Matsuo, M; Satake, N; Sato, N; Sawada, T; Shibata, S; Zhou, Q, 1992)	0.87

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" After control responses to these purinergic agonists were elicited, animals were given infusions for several hours of either vehicle or one of six dosage levels of FK453 (a potent, selective, nonxanthine A1 receptor antagonist), one of three dosage levels of FR113452 (the S-enantiomer of FK453) or one of seven dosage levels of DPCPX (a potent, selective, xanthine A1 receptor antagonist)."	( An experimental paradigm for investigating the role of endogenous adenosine/A1 receptor interactions in vivo. Herzer, WA; Jackson, EK; Kuan, CJ, 1992)	0.28

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	2.8000	0.0000	0.9306	10.0000	AID34724
Adenosine receptor A1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0171	0.0002	0.5521	10.0000	AID30309; AID31421; AID462305
Adenosine receptor A1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0005	0.0001	1.2092	9.9700	AID30338
Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	11.3000	0.0007	1.5594	10.0000	AID34081
Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.3000	0.0000	1.0609	9.7920	AID34221
Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.9800	0.0005	0.3023	1.5000	AID33174
Adenosine receptor A2b	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	8.1000	0.0024	0.6816	9.0000	AID227793
Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0063	0.0002	0.9316	10.0000	AID30439; AID31104; AID462302
Adenosine receptor A2a	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	11.3000	0.0012	0.4828	9.0000	AID462306
Adenosine receptor A2a	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	IC50 (µMol)	1.1800	1.1800	1.1800	1.1800	AID462309
Adenosine receptor A1	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0006	0.0006	0.0006	0.0006	AID462310
Adenosine receptor A1	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.0005	0.0001	0.4242	4.4300	AID462308
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
inflammatory response	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of adenylate cyclase activity	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart contraction	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to wounding	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of norepinephrine secretion	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migration	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
response to amphetamine	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytosis	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular defense response	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signaling	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, cholinergic	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
central nervous system development	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulation	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
locomotory behavior	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
blood circulation	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glutamate secretion	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of norepinephrine secretion	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
response to purine-containing compound	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
response to caffeine	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of urine volume	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
vasodilation	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
eating behavior	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular permeability	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
astrocyte activation	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection morphogenesis	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein secretion	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of calcium ion transport	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
excitatory postsynaptic potential	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
inhibitory postsynaptic potential	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
prepulse inhibition	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of adenylate cyclase activity	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cGMP-mediated signaling	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
cGMP-mediated signaling	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chemokine production	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
mast cell degranulation	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mast cell degranulation	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
relaxation of vascular associated smooth muscle	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
vasodilation	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
temperature homeostasis	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxia	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of acute inflammatory response	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of leukocyte migration	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptide secretion	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of glomerular filtration	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein targeting to membrane	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytosis	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signaling	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
nervous system development	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glutamate secretion	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
response to purine-containing compound	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid catabolic process	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of nucleoside transport	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neurotrophin production	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
vasodilation	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transport	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of hormone secretion	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
cognition	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
leukocyte migration	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid catabolic process	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid catabolic process	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of sensory perception of pain	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid homeostasis	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
excitatory postsynaptic potential	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
long-term synaptic depression	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
mucus secretion	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mucus secretion	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
triglyceride homeostasis	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of long-term synaptic depression	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
calmodulin binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-actinin binding	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activity	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor binding	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
purine nucleoside binding	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
heat shock protein binding	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
heterotrimeric G-protein binding	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity	Adenosine receptor A2a	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Adenosine receptor A3	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
intermediate filament	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
axolemma	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
asymmetric synapse	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membrane	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zone	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Adenosine receptor A2a	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A2b	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
axolemma	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
asymmetric synapse	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
terminal bouton	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
calyx of Held	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membrane	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zone	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Adenosine receptor A1	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	Adenosine receptor A2a	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID185097	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as sodium output at 3.2 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID34724	Binding affinity towards adenosine A3 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells versus [125I]AB-MECA	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-18, Volume: 44, Issue:2	2-Alkynyl-8-aryl-9-methyladenines as novel adenosine receptor antagonists: their synthesis and structure-activity relationships toward hepatic glucose production induced via agonism of the A(2B) receptor.
AID191017	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as urine volume collected for 6 hr at 0.32 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID186818	Diuretic activity (micro equiv/kg) was measured on rat adenosine A1 receptor which inhibited K+ transport in rabbit proximal convoluted tubule at 0.32 (mg/kg)	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID30338	Adenosine A1 receptor binding using [3H]DPCOX in rat cortical membranes	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID191020	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as urine volume collected for 6 h at 3.2 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID33904	Adenosine A2 receptor binding using [3H]CGS-21680 in rat striatal membranes	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID234645	Selectivity as IC50 against adenosine A2A and adenosine A1 receptors	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-19, Volume: 9, Issue:14	Discovery of FR166124, a novel water-soluble pyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyridine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist.
AID462310	Binding affinity to guinea pig adenosine A1 receptor	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists.
AID31421	Inhibitory activity against Adenosine A1 Receptor using [3H]CHA in rat cortical membranes	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-19, Volume: 9, Issue:14	Discovery of FR166124, a novel water-soluble pyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyridine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist.
AID34221	Binding Affinity for adenosine A2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells compared to [3H]CGS-21680	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-18, Volume: 44, Issue:2	2-Alkynyl-8-aryl-9-methyladenines as novel adenosine receptor antagonists: their synthesis and structure-activity relationships toward hepatic glucose production induced via agonism of the A(2B) receptor.
AID191018	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as urine volume collected for 6 hr at 1 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID30439	Binding Affinity towards Adenosine A1 receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells versus [3H]CCPA	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-18, Volume: 44, Issue:2	2-Alkynyl-8-aryl-9-methyladenines as novel adenosine receptor antagonists: their synthesis and structure-activity relationships toward hepatic glucose production induced via agonism of the A(2B) receptor.
AID462306	Binding affinity to rat adenosine A2A receptor	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists.
AID30309	Inhibitory activity against cyclic AMP production in rat Adenosine A1 receptor assay	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-18, Volume: 44, Issue:2	2-Alkynyl-8-aryl-9-methyladenines as novel adenosine receptor antagonists: their synthesis and structure-activity relationships toward hepatic glucose production induced via agonism of the A(2B) receptor.
AID186822	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as potassium output at 10 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID186823	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as potassium output at 3.2 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID462302	Binding affinity to human adenosine A1 receptor	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists.
AID21844	Calculated partition coefficient (clogP) (MacLogP)	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID186821	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as potassium output at 1 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID185094	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as sodium output at 0.32 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID34081	Inhibitory activity against cyclic AMP production in rat Adenosine A2A receptor assay	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-18, Volume: 44, Issue:2	2-Alkynyl-8-aryl-9-methyladenines as novel adenosine receptor antagonists: their synthesis and structure-activity relationships toward hepatic glucose production induced via agonism of the A(2B) receptor.
AID462309	Binding affinity to guinea pig adenosine A2A receptor	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists.
AID33174	Inhibitory activity on NECA-induced cyclic-AMP accumulation in CHO-K1 cells expressing human Adenosine A2B receptor	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-18, Volume: 44, Issue:2	2-Alkynyl-8-aryl-9-methyladenines as novel adenosine receptor antagonists: their synthesis and structure-activity relationships toward hepatic glucose production induced via agonism of the A(2B) receptor.
AID33774	Inhibitory activity against Adenosine A2a receptor using [3H]NECA in rat striatal membranes	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-19, Volume: 9, Issue:14	Discovery of FR166124, a novel water-soluble pyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyridine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist.
AID462305	Binding affinity to rat adenosine A1 receptor	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists.
AID227793	Inhibitory activity on N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA)-induced glucose production in primary cultured rat hepatocytes	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-18, Volume: 44, Issue:2	2-Alkynyl-8-aryl-9-methyladenines as novel adenosine receptor antagonists: their synthesis and structure-activity relationships toward hepatic glucose production induced via agonism of the A(2B) receptor.
AID462308	Binding affinity to mouse adenosine A1 receptor	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists.
AID191019	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as urine volume collected for 6 hr at 10 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID185095	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as sodium output at 1 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID185096	Diuretic activity was measured in saline (20mL/kg, po)-loaded rat as sodium output at 10 mg/kg dose po	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID18188	Oral bioavailability in rat (fasted)	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID22004	solubility in water (ug/mL) at 37 degree C.	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID31104	Adenosine A1 receptor binding using [3H]DPCPX in human cortical membranes	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5	Discovery of 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1(6H)- pyridazinebutanoic acid (FK 838): a novel non-xanthine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with potent diuretic activity.
AID1345721	Human A2B receptor (Adenosine receptors)	2006	Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 5, Issue:3	Adenosine receptors as therapeutic targets.
AID1345618	Human A2A receptor (Adenosine receptors)	2006	Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 5, Issue:3	Adenosine receptors as therapeutic targets.
AID1345822	Human A3 receptor (Adenosine receptors)	2006	Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 5, Issue:3	Adenosine receptors as therapeutic targets.
AID1345685	Human A1 receptor (Adenosine receptors)	2006	Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 5, Issue:3	Adenosine receptors as therapeutic targets.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	16 (84.21)	18.2507
2000's	2 (10.53)	29.6817
2010's	1 (5.26)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	2 (10.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	2 (10.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	16 (80.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
adenine [no description available]	3.09	1	0	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	1.98	1	0	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	2.38	2	0	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group.	3.09	5	0	oxopurine	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
8-phenyltheophylline 8-phenyltheophylline: purinergic P1 receptor antagonist	2	1	0
p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.	1.98	1	0	N-acylglycine	Daphnia magna metabolite
theophylline [no description available]	3.79	3	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
caffeine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	1.98	1	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
fenamic acid fenamic acid: has chloride and potassium channel-blocking activity; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is the N-phenyl derivative of anthranilic acid. It acts as a parent skeleton for the synthesis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	1.98	1	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	membrane transport modulator
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	1.99	1	0	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.	1.98	1	0	nitroglycerol	explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	1.98	1	0	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
aldosterone [no description available]	1.98	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	1.98	1	0	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
lithium carbonate Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.	1.98	1	0	carbonate salt; lithium salt	antimanic drug
bamifylline bamifylline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; selective A1 adenosine receptor antagonist	3.09	1	0	oxopurine
mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed.	1.98	1	0	mercury coordination entity	sensitiser
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	4.87	8	1	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
rolofylline rolofylline: selective antagonist for adenosine receptors; a cardiovascular agent	2.05	1	0	oxopurine
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.	4.04	1	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organoiodine compound	adenosine A3 receptor agonist
2-chloro-n(6)cyclopentyladenosine 2-chloro-N(6)cyclopentyladenosine: highly selective agonist at A1 adenosine receptors	4.43	2	0
6-methoxy-n-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium 6-methoxy-N-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
n 0861 N 0861: adenosine receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	3.09	1	0
zm 241385 ZM 241385: a high affinity radioligand selective for the A2a adenosine receptor	4.04	1	0	diamino-1,3,5-triazine
sch 58261 [no description available]	4.04	1	0	triazolopyrimidines
regadenoson [no description available]	4.04	1	0	purine nucleoside
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine [no description available]	4.93	4	0
fk 838 FK 838: an adenosine subtype-1 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.7	3	0
2-chloro-n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-n-methyluronamide 2-chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide: structure given in first source	4.04	1	0
2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine 2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine: A2 adenosine receptor agonist; structure given in first source. CGS-21680 : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and the hydrogen at position 2 on the adenine is replaced by a 4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino group.	4.42	2	0	adenosines; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; monocarboxylic acid	adenosine A2A receptor agonist; anti-inflammatory agent
mre 3008-f20 MRE 3008-F20: InChIKey: CJRNHKSLHHWUAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N	4.04	1	0
kf 17837 [no description available]	2	1	0
atl 146e BMS-068645: structure in first source	4.04	1	0
n-((1s,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)adenosine N-((1S,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)adenosine: structure given in first source; an adenosine A1 receptor agonist	4.04	1	0	purine nucleoside
sch 442416 SCH 442416: an adenosine A2A receptor ligand	4.04	1	0	triazolopyrimidines
mrs 3558 [no description available]	4.04	1	0
pyrazolopyridine pyrazolopyridine: act as competitive antagonists of brain adenosine A1 receptors	2	1	0
epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.	1.98	1	0
angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3.	1.98	1	0	angiotensin; peptide zwitterion	human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	1.99	1	0
guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes.	2	1	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	2	1
Disease A definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown.	3.86	1
Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	1.98	1
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	1.98	1
Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available]	1.98	1
Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.	1.98	1
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	1.98	1
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	1.98	1
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	2.67	3
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	2.67	3
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	1.99	1
Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.	2.9	1
Ache [description not available]	2.9	1
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	2.9	1
Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.	2.9	1

fk 453

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (27)

Research Excerpts

Treatment

Dosage Studied

Protein Targets (10)

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (105)

Molecular Functions (16)

Ceullar Components (19)

Bioassays (38)

Research

Studies (19)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 27.68

Study Types