| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
malic acid
malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid | food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite |
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity | antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite |
thymine
[no description available] | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
uracil
2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder | 5.8 | 29 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone | allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
3-aminobenzamide
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzamides;
substituted aniline | EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor |
amsacrine
Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | acridines;
aromatic ether;
sulfonamide | antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor |
bisbenzimidazole
Bisbenzimidazole: A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | bibenzimidazole;
N-methylpiperazine | anthelminthic drug;
fluorochrome |
caffeine
[no description available] | 8.07 | 5 | 0 | purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic |
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. | 7.31 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound | antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic |
hydroxyurea
[no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound;
ureas | antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent |
thymidine
[no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide
4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound;
quinoline N-oxide | carcinogenic agent |
uridine
[no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | uridines | drug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite |
bromodeoxyuridine
Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent |
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor |
salicylaldehyde
o-hydroxybenzaldehyde: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxybenzaldehyde | nematicide;
plant metabolite |
pyrimidine
pyrimidine : The parent compound of the pyrimidines; a diazine having the two nitrogens at the 1- and 3-positions. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | diazine;
pyrimidines | Daphnia magna metabolite |
2-aminopurine
2-Aminopurine: A purine that is an isomer of ADENINE (6-aminopurine).. aminopurine : Any purine having at least one amino substituent.. 2-aminopurine : The parent compound of the 2-aminopurines, comprising a purine core carrying an amino substituent at the 2-position. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminopurines;
nucleobase analogue | antimetabolite |
maleic hydrazide
Maleic Hydrazide: 1,2-Dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione. A herbicide and plant growth regulator; also used to control suckering of tobacco. Its residue in food and tobacco is highly toxic, causing CNS disturbances and liver damage. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | pyridazinone | |
etoposide
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound | antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor |
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent |
6-aminouracil
[no description available] | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | pyrimidone | |
5-ethyluracil
5-ethyluracil: antagonist of dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NADP) | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | | |
5,6-diamino-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine
5,6-diamino-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent compound. 5,6-diaminouracil : An aminouracil in which the ring hydrogens at positions 5 and 6 on uracil have been replaced by amino groups. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aminouracil;
diamine;
pyrimidone | |
2,6-diformyl-p-cresol
[no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | | |
puromycin
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | puromycins | antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor |
riboflavin
vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms). | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | flavin;
vitamin B2 | anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite |
sodium perchlorate
sodium perchlorate : An inorganic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and perchlorate ions. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | |
4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride
4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
aluminum
Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | boron group element atom;
elemental aluminium;
metal atom | |
oligonucleotides
[no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
arginine
Teniposide: A semisynthetic derivative of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that exhibits antitumor activity. Teniposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA. This complex induces breaks in double stranded DNA and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. Accumulated breaks in DNA prevent cells from entering into the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, and lead to cell death. Teniposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cycle.. teniposide : A furonaphthodioxole that is a synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin with anti-tumour activity; causes single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and DNA-protein cross-links and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
6-hydroxy-2,4,5-triaminopyrimidine
6-hydroxy-2,4,5-triaminopyrimidine: pyrimidine moiety of pterins; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2,5,6-triamino-4-hydroxypyrimidine : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 4. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine;
hydroxypyrimidine | antioxidant;
chromophore |
2,4-diaminohypoxanthine
2,4-diaminohypoxanthine: do not confuse abbreviation DAHP with various dehydro-deoxy-arabino-heptulosonic acid phosphates which also use DAHP; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | hydroxypyrimidine | |
methylnitronitrosoguanidine
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | nitroso compound | alkylating agent |