| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule |
nickel
Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | metal allergen;
nickel group element atom | epitope;
micronutrient |
phenol
[no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | phenols | antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
pyrithione
pyrithione: split from cephalosporin molecule; some metal complexes of this have fumarate reductase inhibitory activity and may be useful against trypanosomes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pyrithione : A pyridinethione that is pyridine-2(1H)-thione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a Zn(2+) ionophore; the zinc salt is used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | monohydroxypyridine;
pyridinethione | ionophore |
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | acetamides;
phenols | antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic |
pentetic acid
Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | pentacarboxylic acid | copper chelator |
thiram
Thiram: A dithiocarbamate chemical, used commercially in the rubber processing industry and as a fungicide. In vivo studies indicate that it inactivates the enzyme GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE. It has mutagenic activity and may induce chromosomal aberrations.. thiram : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. It is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organic disulfide | antibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug |
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae. | 6.96 | 1 | 0 | mitomycin | alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent |
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine | antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen |
diethylnitrosamine
Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | nitrosamine | carcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
mutagen |
cyanides
Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor |
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector |
carbon disulfide
Carbon Disulfide: A colorless, flammable, poisonous liquid, CS2. It is used as a solvent, and is a counterirritant and has local anesthetic properties but is not used as such. It is highly toxic with pronounced CNS, hematologic, and dermatologic effects. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | one-carbon compound;
organosulfur compound | |
o-isopropyl xanthate
O-isopropyl xanthate: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | thiocarbonyl compound | |
butylxanthate
butylxanthate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | | |
ditiocarb
Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur. | 3.35 | 7 | 0 | dithiocarbamic acids | chelator;
copper chelator |
potassium cyanide
[no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | cyanide salt;
one-carbon compound;
potassium salt | EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor;
EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin |
thiazoles
[no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene | |
o,o-diethyl dithiophosphate
O,O-diethyl dithiophosphate: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | organic thiophosphate | |
thiazolidines
Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | thiazolidine | |
carbonates
Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | |
mercury
Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | elemental mercury;
zinc group element atom | neurotoxin |
molybdenum
Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | chromium group element atom | micronutrient |
silver
Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom;
elemental silver | Escherichia coli metabolite |
cadmium
Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | cadmium molecular entity;
zinc group element atom | |
gold
Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom;
elemental gold | |
nickel chloride
nickel chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Ni-Cl2. nickel dichloride : A compound of nickel and chloride in which the ratio of nickel (in the +2 oxidation state) to chloride is 1:2. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | nickel coordination entity | calcium channel blocker;
hapten |
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent |
hydroxyl radical
Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | oxygen hydride;
oxygen radical;
reactive oxygen species | |
unithiol
Unithiol: A chelating agent used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | | |
maneb
Maneb: Manganese derivative of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate. It is used in agriculture as a fungicide and has been shown to cause irritation to the eyes, nose, skin, and throat.. maneb : A polymeric complex of manganese with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. An agrochemical fungicide, it is used to control a variety of diseases including blight, leaf spot, rust, downy mildew and scab. | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid
2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid: in urine of workers exposed to carbon disulfide | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound | |
sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | detergent;
protein denaturant |
dimethyldithiocarbamate
Dimethyldithiocarbamate: A chemical that acts as a dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor. Its salts are agricultural fungicides. It is inferior to diethyldithiocarbamate as a chelating agent.. dimethyldithiocarbamate : A member of the class of dithiocarbamate anions resulting from the removal of the proton from the dithiocarbamic acid moiety of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. The major species at pH 7.3. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dithiocarbamate anions | |
d 609
[no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | | |
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
mesna
Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | organosulfonic acid | |
chiniofon
Hydroxyquinolines: The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
dicumarol
Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | anticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
vitamin K antagonist |
deoxyguanosine
[no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside;
purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
guanosine
ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | guanosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside | fundamental metabolite |