Compounds > tylophorine
Page last updated: 2024-12-07

tylophorine

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Description

Tylophorine is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Tylophora indica. It has been shown to possess a wide range of biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. Its synthesis has been achieved through various methods, including the use of enzymatic catalysis and palladium-catalyzed reactions. Tylophorine's anti-cancer activity is attributed to its ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Its anti-inflammatory effects are thought to be mediated by its inhibition of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-alpha and IL-6. Tylophorine has also been shown to exhibit anti-microbial activity against a variety of bacteria and fungi. Due to its promising pharmacological profile, tylophorine has become a target of significant research interest. Scientists are investigating its potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, and infectious diseases.'
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tylophorine: phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID92114
CHEMBL ID250426
CHEBI ID9786
SCHEMBL ID523625
MeSH IDM0045209

Synonyms (37)

Synonym
dibenzo[f,2-b]isoquinoline,9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-, (13as)-
NCI60_040526
NCI60_041685
dibenzo[f,2-b]isoquinoline, 9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-
dibenzo[f,2-b]isoquinoline, 9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-, (s)-
tylophorin
nsc76387
nsc-76387
2,6,7-tetramethoxyphenanthro[9,10:6',7']indolizidine
9,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxydibenzo[f,h]pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline
tylophorine
482-20-2
(+)-tylophorine
nsc717335
nsc-717335
chebi:9786 ,
CHEMBL250426
(13as)-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydrophenanthro[9,10-f]indolizine
2,3,6,7-tetramethoxyphenanthro(9,10:6,7')indolizidine
dibenzo(f,h)pyrrolo(1,2-b)isoquinoline, 9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-, (s)-
(s)-9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxydibenzo(f,h)pyrrolo(1,2-b)isoquinoline
nsc 76387
unii-o41630y8v3
o41630y8v3 ,
SCHEMBL523625
tylophorine, (+)-
dibenzo(f,h)pyrrolo(1,2-b)isoquinoline, 9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-, (13as)-
(+)-(s)-tylophorine
nstp-0g01
tylophorine [mi]
(13as)-9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxydibenzo(f,h)pyrrolo(1,2-b)isoquinoline
AKOS027326841
(s)-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydrodibenzo[f,h]pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline
Q27108498
2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydrodibenzo[f,h]pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline
DTXSID30964025
(s)-9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydro-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxydibenzo[f,h]pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline

Research Excerpts

Overview

Tylophorine (TYL) is an alkaloid with antiproliferative action in cancer cells.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Tylophorine (TYL) is an alkaloid with antiproliferative action in cancer cells. "( Tylophorine reduces protein biosynthesis and rapidly decreases cyclin D1, inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro and in organ culture.
Atanasov, AG; Bernhard, D; Blažević, T; Czaloun, C; Dirsch, VM; Feldler, I; Grojer, C; Gruzdaitis, P; Heiss, EH; Joa, H; Messner, B; Proksch, P; Zeller, I, 2019)		3.4

Effects

Tylophorine analogs have been shown to exhibit diverse activities against cancer, inflammation, arthritis, and lupus in vivo. Tylophile compounds have been the focus of drug development for decades.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Tylophorine analogs have been shown to exhibit diverse activities against cancer, inflammation, arthritis, and lupus in vivo. "( Tylophorine Analogs Allosterically Regulates Heat Shock Cognate Protein 70 And Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Replication.
Baker, DC; Chen, SR; Cheng, Y; Cheng, YC; Dutschman, GE; Francis, S; Fürstner, A; Grill, SP; Gullen, EA; Ha, Y; Lam, W; Lee, KH; Lee, S; Wang, Y; Yang, X, 2017)		3.34
"Tylophorine compounds have been the focus of drug development for decades. "( Targeting a ribonucleoprotein complex containing the caprin-1 protein and the c-Myc mRNA suppresses tumor growth in mice: an identification of a novel oncotarget.
Chang, CC; Hsu, HY; Lee, CH; Lee, SJ; Lee, YZ; Qiu, YQ; Yang, CW; Yang, RB, 2015)		1.86

Treatment

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Tylophorine treatment increased the accumulation of c-Jun protein, a component of activator protein 1 (AP1), in carcinoma cells."( c-Jun-mediated anticancer mechanisms of tylophorine.
Chang, HY; Chao, YS; Hsu, HY; Lee, SJ; Lee, YZ; Wu, CM; Yang, CW, 2013)		1.38
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
organonitrogen heterocyclic compoundAny organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms.
organic heteropentacyclic compound
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (32)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID316826Inhibition of CRE-mediated transcription in human HepG cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs.
AID316828Inhibition of GRE-mediated transcription in human HepG cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs.
AID1164329Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production after 6 hrs by ELISA2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-11, Volume: 5, Issue:9
Synthesis of novel tylophorine derivatives and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity.
AID648628Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 51Synthesis and SAR studies of phenanthroindolizidine and phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids as potent anti-tumor agents.
AID316823Growth inhibition of human PANC1 cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs.
AID1092197In vivo antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated left side of Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves assessed as inactivation effect at 100 ug/mL co-incubated with virus measured after 3 to 4 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID316827Inhibition of AP1-mediated transcription in human HepG cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs.
AID1081049Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated on whole Nicotiana tabacum leaves followed by smearing with 100 ug/mL compound solution on left side of leaves assessed as viral infection curative effect measured 3 to 4 days post viral inf2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID1081058Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated on fresh tobacco leaves followed by dipping into compound solution at 100 ug/mL for 20 min and measured 72 hr post compound treatment by half-leaf method2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID1081057Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated on fresh tobacco leaves followed by dipping into compound solution at 50 ug/mL for 20 min and measured 72 hr post compound treatment by half-leaf method2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID1164337Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-11, Volume: 5, Issue:9
Synthesis of novel tylophorine derivatives and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity.
AID1081051Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) pre-treated with 100 ug/mL compound for 30 min followed by inoculation on left side of Nicotiana tabacum leaves assessed as virus inactivation effect measured 3 to 4 days post viral infection2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID1092196In vivo antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) pre-inoculated Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves assessed as curative effect at 500 ug/mL measured after 3 to 4 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID1092195In vivo antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) pre-inoculated Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves assessed as curative effect at 100 ug/mL measured after 3 to 4 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID1081059Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated on 100 ug/mL compound smeared Nicotiana tabacum leaves assessed as protective effect against viral infection measured 3 to 4 days post viral infection2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID1081056Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated on fresh tobacco leaves followed by dipping into compound solution at 25 ug/mL for 20 min and measured 72 hr post compound treatment by half-leaf method2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID316825Inhibition of NF-kappaB-mediated transcription in human HepG cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs.
AID1092198In vivo antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated left side of Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves assessed as inactivation effect at 500 ug/mL co-incubated with virus measured after 3 to 4 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID648632Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 51Synthesis and SAR studies of phenanthroindolizidine and phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids as potent anti-tumor agents.
AID1164328Inhibition of Foxp3 expression in B6 Foxp3-GFP mouse CD4-positive T cells assessed as iTregs at 100 nM after 3 days by flow cytometry2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-11, Volume: 5, Issue:9
Synthesis of novel tylophorine derivatives and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity.
AID316824Growth inhibition of human CEM cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs.
AID1081053Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated on fresh tobacco leaves followed by dipping into compound solution for 20 min and measured 72 hr post compound treatment by half-leaf method2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID1092193In vivo antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated right side of Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves assessed as protection effect at 100 ug/mL preincubated 12 hr before viral challenge measured after 3 to 4 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID1092200Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated in 5-6 growth stage leaf assessed as inhibition effect at 500 ug/mL at 25 degC after 72 hr by half-leaf method2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID316822Growth inhibition of human HepG cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs.
AID1164331Antiinflammatory activity against BALB/c mouse splenocytes assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production after 24 hrs by ELISA2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-11, Volume: 5, Issue:9
Synthesis of novel tylophorine derivatives and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity.
AID1081055Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated on fresh tobacco leaves followed by dipping into compound solution at 5 ug/mL for 20 min and measured 72 hr post compound treatment by half-leaf method2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 58, Issue:5
Synthesis and antiviral activities of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their derivatives.
AID1092194In vivo antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated right side of Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves assessed as protection effect at 500 ug/mL preincubated 12 hr before viral challenge measured after 3 to 4 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID1092199Antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated in 5-6 growth stage leaf assessed as inhibition effect at 100 ug/mL at 25 degC after 72 hr by half-leaf method2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 60, Issue:41
Design, synthesis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of phenanthroindolizidines and their analogues.
AID1164330Antiinflammatory activity against BALB/c mouse splenocytes assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production after 4 hrs by ELISA2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-11, Volume: 5, Issue:9
Synthesis of novel tylophorine derivatives and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity.
AID308174Cytotoxicity against PANC1 cells2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Structure-activity studies of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids as potential antitumor agents.
AID688325Growth inhibition in human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by alamar blue assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 20, Issue:19
Synthesis and evaluation of the anti-proliferative and NF-κB activities of a library of simplified tylophorine analogs.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (63)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19903 (4.76)18.7374
1990's1 (1.59)18.2507
2000's22 (34.92)29.6817
2010's32 (50.79)24.3611
2020's5 (7.94)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 27.24

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index27.24 (24.57)
Research Supply Index4.17 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.62 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index31.58 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (27.24)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews2 (3.13%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other62 (96.88%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
benzene
[no description available]		710aromatic annulene;
benzenes;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
non-polar solvent
carbamates
[no description available]		2.0510amino-acid anion
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.		2.0710elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite
phenanthrene
phenanthrene : A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composed of three fused benzene rings which takes its name from the two terms 'phenyl' and 'anthracene.'		7.4820ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon;
phenanthrenes		environmental contaminant;
mouse metabolite
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source		2.0310chromones;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound		autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
thymidine
[no description available]		2.0510pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dinitrofluorobenzene
Dinitrofluorobenzene: Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.. 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : The organofluorine compound that is benzene with a fluoro substituent at the 1-position and two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions.		210C-nitro compound;
organofluorine compound		agrochemical;
allergen;
chromatographic reagent;
EC 2.7.3.2 (creatine kinase) inhibitor;
protein-sequencing agent;
spectrophotometric reagent
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		2.0210pyrrole;
secondary amine
n-hexane
hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.		7.610alkane;
volatile organic compound		neurotoxin;
non-polar solvent
triphenylene
triphenylene: structure. triphenylene : An ortho-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings.		7.0410ortho-fused polycyclic arene
palladium
Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.		7.0510metal allergen;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
rhodium
Rhodium: A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh.. rhodium atom : A cobalt group element atom of atomic number 45.		7.0710cobalt group element atom
alkenes
[no description available]		2.4520
azides
Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.		2.0810pseudohalide anionmitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
dioxohexahydrotriazine
[no description available]		2.0710
ribavirin
Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename		2.07101-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
1,7-phenanthroline
[no description available]		5.12130phenanthroline
cryptopleurine
cryptopleurine: plant bark alkaloid shown to inhibit protein synthesis; RN given refers to (R)-isomer; structure. cryptopleurine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is (14aR)-11,12,13,14,14a,15-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[f,h]pyrido[1,2-b]isoquinoline substituted at positions 2, 3 and 6 by methoxy groups.		2.9840alkaloid antibiotic;
alkaloid;
aromatic ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
glucuronic acid
Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.		2.1110D-glucuronic acidalgal metabolite
cyanates
Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N).		2.110
culmorin
culmorin: tricyclic sesquiterpene metabolite of fungus Fusarium culmorium; structure. culmorin : A sesquiterpenoid fungal metabolite isolated from Fusarium culmorum.		2.0310
proline
Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.		7.5120amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proline;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tylophorinidine
tylophorinidine: antileukemic agent from T. indica		2.4220
dcb 3503
[no description available]		2.9840
ouabain
Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.		3.351011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
antofine
antofine: structure in first source. (-)-antofine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is (13aR)-9,11,12,13,13a,14-hexahydrodibenzo[f,h]pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline substituted at positions 2, 3 and 6 by methoxy groups. It is an alkaloid produced by relatives of the milkweed family and exhibits antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic and antitumorigenic activities.		3.6890alkaloid antibiotic;
alkaloid;
aromatic ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite
prolinol
prolinol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. prolinol : An amino alcohol formed by reduction of the amino acid proline.		2.1310
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		2.0310
tert-butanesulfinamide
tert-butanesulfinamide: structure in first source		7.110
imd 0354
N-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide: a cardioprotective agent that inhibits IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta); structure in first source		2.1510benzamides
tylophorine b
tylophorine B: isolated from Albizzia julibrissin; structure in first source		7.4320
longiborneol
longiborneol: RN given for (1alpha,3abeta,4alpha,8abeta,9S*))-isomer; structure in first source		2.0310organic molecular entity
septicine
septicine: structure in first source		7.0710
silvestrol
silvestrol: isolated from the fruit and twig of Aglaia silvestris. silvestrol : An organic heterotricyclic compound that consists of a 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan framework substituted by hydroxy groups at positions C-1 and C-8b, a methoxycarbonyl group at C-2, a phenyl group at C-3, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-3a, a methoxy group at C-8 and a 1,4-dioxan-2-yloxy group at position C-6 which in turn is substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group at position 6. Isolated from Aglaia silvestris, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.		3.3510dioxanes;
ether;
methyl ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
7-methoxycryptopleurine
7-methoxycryptopleurine: has anti-inflammatory activity; structure in first source		3.8730
glycoprotein e2, hepatitis c virus
glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus: RN refers to quasispecies 4E; amino acid sequence known; caution: HCV also stands for hog cholera virus		2.2110
chitosan
[no description available]		2.1110
rosettacin
rosettacin: structure in first source		7.0710
piperidines
Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.		2.0510
ningnanmycin
ningnanmycin: isolated from Strepcomces noursei		2.4720
sofosbuvir
Sofosbuvir: A uridine monophosphate analog inhibitor of HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) polymerase NS5B that is used as an ANTIVIRAL AGENT in the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.. sofosbuvir : A nucleotide conjugate that is used in combination with ledipasvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.		2.2110isopropyl ester;
L-alanyl ester;
nucleotide conjugate;
organofluorine compound;
phosphoramidate ester		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
prodrug
cyclin d1
Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.		7.2110
phenanthroindolizidine
phenanthroindolizidine: structure in first source		9.6880
phenanthroquinolizidine
phenanthroquinolizidine: structure in first source		2.4420
phenanthrenes
Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.		7.01560
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.7830
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		02.7830
Rheumatoid Arthritis
[description not available]		07.4920
Anasarca
[description not available]		02.2510
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.		02.4920
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		02.2510
Infections, Coronavirus
[description not available]		03.7330
Coronavirus Infections
Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).		03.7330
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		07.1710
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		02.1710
Chronic Hepatitis C
[description not available]		02.2110
Hepatitis C, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.		02.2110
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		03.1550
Colitis
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.		07.520
Carcinoma, Anaplastic
[description not available]		02.4720
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.		07.4720
Respiratory Syndrome, Acute, Severe
[description not available]		02.0510
Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine
A condition of chronic gastroenteritis in adult pigs and fatal gastroenteritis in piglets caused by a CORONAVIRUS.		02.0510
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.		02.0510
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.4420
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		02.4420
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		02.4420
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		02.4420
Adjuvant Arthritis
[description not available]		02.3820
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.0310
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		02.0310
Libman-Sacks Disease
[description not available]		02.0310
Glomerulonephritis, Lupus
[description not available]		02.0310
Lymphatic Diseases
Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.		02.0310
Dermatoses
[description not available]		02.0310
Enlarged Spleen
[description not available]		02.0310
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.		02.0310
Lupus Nephritis
Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).		02.0310
Skin Diseases
Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.		02.0310
Asthma, Bronchial
[description not available]		01.9510
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).		06.9510
Anaphylactic Reaction
[description not available]		01.9510
Anaphylaxis
An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.		01.9510
Delayed Hypersensitivity
[description not available]		0210