Compounds > dihydrokavain
Page last updated: 2024-11-12

dihydrokavain

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

dihydrokavain: inhibits binding of batrachotoxinin-A 20-alpha-benzoate to receptor site 2 of voltage-gated sodium channels [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID10220256
CHEMBL ID569329
CHEBI ID157713
SCHEMBL ID5672433
MeSH IDM0293866

Synonyms (51)

Synonym
MEGXP0_001719
nsc 112163
2h-pyran-2-one, 5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-, (s)-
2h-pyran-2-one, 5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-phenethyl-
marindinin
ACON1_000519
ACON0_000958
kawain, dihydro-
dihydrokavain
nsc-112163
nsc112163
dihydrokawain
2h-pyran-2-one,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-phenethyl-
kavain, dihydro-
2h-pyran-2-one,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-, (s)-
7,8-dihydro-kawain
587-63-3
NCGC00169002-01
BRD-K31961554-001-01-9
CHEBI:157713
(2s)-4-methoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)-2,3-dihydropyran-6-one
(+)-dihydrokavain
CHEMBL569329
NCGC00258586-01
tox21_201033
dtxsid8033433 ,
cas-587-63-3
dtxcid501476403
unii-nw8zgw9xrz
nw8zgw9xrz ,
ccris 9371
S9446
2h-pyran-2-one, 5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-, (6s)-
dihydrokawain [mi]
(6s)-5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-2h-pyran-2-one
(s)-(+)-dihydrokawain
SCHEMBL5672433
CS-4244
AC-34187
Q-100678
HY-N0920
AKOS028109012
(s)-(+)-7,8-dihydrokavain, analytical standard
NCGC00169002-05
mfcd01694032
(s)-4-methoxy-6-phenethyl-5,6-dihydro-2h-pyran-2-one
(s)-(+)-7,8-dihydrokavain
HMS3887C05
CCG-266804
Q27285076
MS-23329

Research Excerpts

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"To examine the bioavailability of kavalactones in vitro and the possible differences in their bioavailability because of variations in either chemical structure or the method of extraction used."( Permeability studies of Kavalactones using a Caco-2 cell monolayer model.
Blanchfield, JT; Bone, KM; Lehmann, RP; Matthias, A; Penman, KG; Toth, I, 2007)		0.34
"Caco-2 cell monolayers were used to determine the potential bioavailability of kavalactones."( Permeability studies of Kavalactones using a Caco-2 cell monolayer model.
Blanchfield, JT; Bone, KM; Lehmann, RP; Matthias, A; Penman, KG; Toth, I, 2007)		0.34
" Not all differences in their bioavailability can be related to kavalactone structural differences as it appears that bioavailability may also be affected by co-extracted compounds."( Permeability studies of Kavalactones using a Caco-2 cell monolayer model.
Blanchfield, JT; Bone, KM; Lehmann, RP; Matthias, A; Penman, KG; Toth, I, 2007)		0.34
" In the range 2-4mM of host, solubility of DHK was increased only two-fold, but being beta-CyD also a penetration enhancer, in vivo studies will be performed to clarify a possible role of the complex on the bioavailability of DHK."( Cyclodextrins as carriers for kavalactones in aqueous media: spectroscopic characterization of (S)-7,8-dihydrokavain and beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex.
Bergonzi, MC; Bilia, AR; Di Bari, L; Pescitelli, G; Vincieri, FF, 2010)		0.58
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
2-pyranonesA pyranone based on the structure of 2H-pyran-2-one and its substituted derivatives.
aromatic etherAny ether in which the oxygen is attached to at least one aryl substituent.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (13)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency20.28830.173734.304761.8120AID1346859
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency20.28830.173734.304761.8120AID1346859
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.90250.000221.22318,912.5098AID1259243; AID743036; AID743063
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.32980.000657.913322,387.1992AID1259377
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.37570.001022.650876.6163AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency40.14500.000417.946075.1148AID1346795
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.42050.003041.611522,387.1992AID1159552
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency45.41980.000817.505159.3239AID1159527
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency80.09990.001530.607315,848.9004AID1224848
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency63.62560.005428.02631,258.9301AID1346982
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.43630.000229.305416,493.5996AID743075
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.54200.023723.228263.5986AID743223
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency56.70640.037617.082361.1927AID1259364
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (29)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1090307Antifungal activity against Hypocrea rufa assessed as growth inhibition at 10 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090306Herbicidal activity against Lactuca sativa cv. Great Lakes 366 (lettuce) assessed as inhibition of germination at 1 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090317Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as inhibition of shoot length at 10 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090302Herbicidal activity against Lactuca sativa cv. Great Lakes 366 (lettuce) assessed as inhibition of root length at 1 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090308Antifungal activity against Hypocrea rufa assessed as growth inhibition at 50 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090299Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as inhibition of germination at 10 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090301Herbicidal activity against Lactuca sativa cv. Great Lakes 366 (lettuce) assessed as inhibition of root length at 10 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID666150Inhibition of PA endonuclease at 10 uM2011PloS one, , Volume: 6, Issue:5
Anti-influenza activity of marchantins, macrocyclic bisbibenzyls contained in liverworts.
AID1090315Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as inhibition of root length at 10 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090312Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani assessed as growth inhibition at 10 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090314Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides assessed as growth inhibition at 10 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090304Herbicidal activity against Lactuca sativa cv. Great Lakes 366 (lettuce) assessed as inhibition of shoot length at 1 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090298Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as inhibition of shoot length at 1 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090310Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum assessed as growth inhibition at 10 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090311Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani assessed as growth inhibition at 50 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID666151Inhibition of PA endonuclease at 1 uM2011PloS one, , Volume: 6, Issue:5
Anti-influenza activity of marchantins, macrocyclic bisbibenzyls contained in liverworts.
AID1090309Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum assessed as growth inhibition at 50 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090300Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as inhibition of germination at 1 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090303Herbicidal activity against Lactuca sativa cv. Great Lakes 366 (lettuce) assessed as inhibition of shoot length at 10 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090305Herbicidal activity against Lactuca sativa cv. Great Lakes 366 (lettuce) assessed as inhibition of germination at 10 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID447711Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB expressed in human A549 cells treated 1 hr after TNFalpha challenge measured after 6 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Identification of methysticin as a potent and non-toxic NF-kappaB inhibitor from kava, potentially responsible for kava's chemopreventive activity.
AID447716Hepatotoxicity against mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells after 48 hrs by celltiter blue assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Identification of methysticin as a potent and non-toxic NF-kappaB inhibitor from kava, potentially responsible for kava's chemopreventive activity.
AID1090316Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as inhibition of root length at 1 ppm relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1090313Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides assessed as growth inhibition at 50 ppm after 4 days relative to untreated control2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-08, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activities of Lactones in Kava (Piper methysticum).
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347160Primary screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347159Primary screen GU Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (28)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (7.14)18.7374
1990's1 (3.57)18.2507
2000's12 (42.86)29.6817
2010's10 (35.71)24.3611
2020's3 (10.71)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 30.54

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index30.54 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.40 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.59 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index36.71 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (30.54)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other29 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
phenytoin
[no description available]		1.9410imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
baclofen
[no description available]		2.0110amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant
5-methoxypsoralen
5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.		2.06105-methoxyfurocoumarin;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
psoralens		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.		210benzodiazepine
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		1.9410organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.		2.0210
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		2.0610aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
muscimol
Muscimol: A neurotoxic isoxazole isolated from species of AMANITA. It is obtained by decarboxylation of IBOTENIC ACID. Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A RECEPTORS and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.. muscimol : A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazol-3(2H)-one substituted by an aminomethyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Amanita.		2.0110alkaloid;
isoxazoles;
primary amino compound		fungal metabolite;
GABA agonist;
oneirogen;
psychotropic drug
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		1.9410barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
primidone
Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.		1.9410pyrimidoneanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
imperatorin
imperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist; furanocoumarin from West African medicinal plant Clausena anisata; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3005. imperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 8. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		2.0610psoralensEC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
metabolite
osthol
osthol: from Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens (both Apiaceae); structure given in first source		2.0610botanical anti-fungal agent;
coumarins		metabolite
dixanthogen
[no description available]		1.9310thiocarbonyl compound
alkenes
[no description available]		2.0210
4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone: structure; from tobacco smoke		2.110nitrosamine;
pyridines
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		2.0210D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
o-(6)-methylguanine
O-(6)-methylguanine: structure. 6-O-methylguanine : A methylguanine in which the methyl group is positioned on the oxygen at position 6. Formed in DNA by alkylation of the oxygen atom of guanine, most often by N-nitroso compounds and sometimes due to methylation by other compounds such as endogenous S-adenosylmethionine, it base-pairs to thymine rather than cytidine, causing a G:C to A:T transition in DNA.. methylguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is guanine bearing a single methyl substituent.		2.110methylguaninemutagen
isopimpinellin
isopimpinellin: from Ruta graveolens & Heracleum lanatum; structure		2.0610psoralens
isoimperatorin
isoimperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist isolated from Glehniae root. isoimperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 5. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		2.0610psoralensEC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
metabolite
magnolol
[no description available]		2.0610biphenyls
honokiol
[no description available]		2.0610biphenyls
7,8-dihydromethysticin
[no description available]		3.811102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
phellopterin
phellopterin: a naturally occurring furanocoumarin found in roots of Angelica dahurica; structure in first source		2.0610psoralens
saclofen
saclofen: GABA-A receptor antagonist		2.0110organochlorine compound
calcein am
calcein AM: a non-fluorescent compound cleaved to a fluorescent compound by non-specific intracellular esterases. calcein am : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is calcein in which all four carboxy group hydrogens have been substituted by (acetyloxy)methoxy groups and the hyrodgens of the two hydroxy groups have been substituted by acetyl groups. It is a a non-fluorescent probe cleaved to a fluorescent probe by non-specific intracellular esterases.		2.02102-benzofurans;
acetate ester;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
stevioside
stevioside: Kaurene glucoside from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana; 300 times as sweet as sugar. stevioside : A diterpene glycoside that is rubusoside in which the hydroxy group at position 2 of the allylic beta-D-glucoside has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. It is a natural herbal sweetener that is 250-300 times sweeter than sucrose (though with a bitter aftertaste), extracted from the Stevia rebaudiana plant native to South America.. diterpene glycoside : A terpene glycoside in which the terpene moiety is a diterpenoid.		2.0210beta-D-glucoside;
bridged compound;
diterpene glycoside;
ent-kaurane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sweetening agent
marchantin a
marchantin A: 16 carbon macrocyclic bis-ether bis-bibenzyl similar to riccardin A; from liverwort Marchantia polymorpha; structure in first source		2.0610phenylpropanoid
betadex
beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.		2.0510cyclodextrin
steviol
steviol: aglucon of stevioside; RN given refers to (4alpha)-isomer. steviol : An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is 5beta,8alpha,9beta,10alpha-kaur-16-en-18-oic acid in which the hydrogen at position 13 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.0210bridged compound;
ent-kaurane diterpenoid;
monocarboxylic acid;
tertiary allylic alcohol;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent
chalcone
trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.		2.3110chalconeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
5,6-dehydrokawain
5,6-dehydrokawain: from Alpinia speciosa rhizoma; RN given for cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		3.57802-pyranones;
aromatic ether
kavain
[no description available]		2.74302-pyranones;
aromatic ether
methysticin
[no description available]		2.74302-pyranones;
aromatic ether
yangonin
yangonin: structure in first source		3.45702-pyranones;
aromatic ether
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		2.0110morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
marchantin c
marchantin C: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic from liverwort Marchantia paleacea; structure in first source		2.0610
flavokawain a
flavokawain A: from kava extract, induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells; structure in first source		2.5220chalcones
flavokawain b
flavokawain B: from Piper methysticum Forst (Kava Kava) roots; structure in first source. flavokawain B : A member of the class of chalcones that consists of trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 2' and methoxy groups at positions 4' and 6'. Isolated from Piper methysticum and Piper rusbyi, it exhibits antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities.		2.0510chalcones;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antileishmanial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
flavokawain C
flavokawain C: antineoplastic from roots of Kava (Piper methysticum Forst); structure in first source		2.0510chalcones
goniothalamin
goniothalamin: has antineoplastic activity; structure given in first source		2.2110
riccardin a
riccardin A: an 18 carbon macrocyclic ether; structure given in first source		2.0610
dihydroptychantol a
dihydroptychantol A: an antineoplastic agent isolated from liverworts; structure in first source		2.0610
kavain
kavain: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; see also kavaform; structure		3.841102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
methysticin
methysticin: a neuroprotective constituent of kava extract; RN given for (R-(E))-isomer		3.14502-pyranones;
aromatic ether
guanine
[no description available]		2.1102-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
batrachotoxinin a 20-alpha-benzoate
[no description available]		1.9910
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae
[description not available]		02.0610
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.		02.0610
Congenital Zika Syndrome
[description not available]		02.2510
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		02.2510
Zika Virus Infection
A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.		02.2510
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.110
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		02.110
Depression
Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.		02.110
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		01.9410
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		01.9410
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.0210
Leukemia P388
An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.		02.0210