| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
butyric acid
Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | fatty acid 4:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid | human urinary metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity | antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite |
triphosphoric acid
triphosphoric acid: used as water softener, peptizing agent, emulsifier & dispersing agent; ingredient of cleansers; meat preservative; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride;
phosphorus oxoacid | |
propylene glycol
Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | glycol;
propane-1,2-diols | allergen;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent |
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
uridine
[no description available] | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | uridines | drug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite |
uridine diphosphate
Uridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety. | 3.01 | 2 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate;
uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
galactose
galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 3.29 | 5 | 0 | D-galactose;
galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
uridine triphosphate
Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate;
uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
lactose
Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose. | 5.99 | 19 | 0 | lactose | |
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
boric acid
[no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | boric acids | astringent |
pentaerythritol
pentaerythritol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6904. pentaerythritol : A tetrol that is neopentane in which one of the methyl hydrogens of all four methyl groups are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is a chemical intermediate used in the production of explosives, plastics, paints, appliances, and cosmetics. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | primary alcohol;
tetrol | flame retardant;
laxative |
uridine diphosphate n-acetylglucosamine
Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine: Serves as the biological precursor of insect chitin, of muramic acid in bacterial cell walls, and of sialic acids in mammalian glycoproteins. | 4.11 | 3 | 0 | | |
fluorescein
Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
xanthene dye | fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium |
fucose
Fucose: A six-member ring deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It lacks a hydroxyl group on the carbon at position 6 of the molecule.. L-fucopyranose : The pyranose form of L-fucose.. fucose : Any deoxygalactose that is deoxygenated at the 6-position. | 4.98 | 4 | 0 | fucopyranose;
L-fucose | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
manganese
Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | elemental manganese;
manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient |
acetylglucosamine
Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 4.73 | 6 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-glucosamine | epitope |
sulfur trioxide
sulfur trioxide: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | sulfur oxide | |
benzyloxyamine
benzyloxyamine: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | | |
methyl lactoside
beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-OMe : A methyl glycoside comprising methyl beta-D-glucoside having an beta-D-galactosyl residue at the 4-position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | disaccharide derivative;
methyl glycoside | |
n-acetylneuraminoyllactose
3'-sialyllactose: structure in first source | 7.01 | 7 | 1 | | |
lacto-n-difucohexose ii
[no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | | |
3'-fucosyllactose
3'-fucosyllactose: antiserum against fuc alpha 1-3 gal linkage reacted with human colon adenocarcinoma cells | 4.25 | 4 | 0 | | |
lacto-n-hexaose
lacto-N-hexaose: found in human breast milk; structure given in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | | |
n-acetylneuraminic acid
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: An N-acyl derivative of neuraminic acid. N-acetylneuraminic acid occurs in many polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1518). N-acetylneuraminic acid : An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl. | 4.43 | 8 | 0 | N-acetylneuraminic acids | antioxidant;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
n-acetyllactosamine
N-acetyllactosamine: RN given refers to D-isomer. N-acetyllactosamine : A beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc | |
n-acetylneuraminoyllactose
[no description available] | 5.32 | 8 | 0 | | |
D-fructopyranose
[no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal;
D-fructose;
fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
ferrous fumarate
ferrous fumarate: used in treatment of iron deficiency anemia; RN given refers to Fe(+2)[1:1] salt | 3.99 | 1 | 1 | dicarboxylic acid | |
ganglioside, gd1b
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
g(m1) ganglioside
G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine;
sialotetraosylceramide | |
lactulose
Lactulose: A synthetic disaccharide used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It has also been used in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p887). lactulose : A synthetic galactosylfructose disaccharide used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
oligonucleotides
[no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | | |
glycolipids
[no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | | |
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | | |
lacto-n-triose ii
[no description available] | 2.76 | 2 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
caseins
Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | | |
lewis x antigen
Lewis X Antigen: A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, Lewis X antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | | |
lacto-n-fucopentaose i
lacto-N-fucopentaose I: RN given refers to all D-isomer | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | | |
cytarabine
Guanosine Diphosphate Fucose: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar formed from GDPmannose, which provides fucose for lipopolysaccharides of bacterial cell walls, and for blood group substances and other glycoproteins. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | GDP-fucose | |
fructooligosaccharide
[no description available] | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |