| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent |
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative | fundamental metabolite |
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine | cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite |
glycine
[no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical |
sarcosine
cocobetaine: N-alkyl-betaine; cause of shampoo dermatitis | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | N-alkylglycine zwitterion;
N-alkylglycine;
N-methyl-amino acid;
N-methylglycines | Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
glycine transporter 1 inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
calmagite
calmagite: indicator used to measure free magnesium &/or calcium in biological systems; structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
cetyltrimethylammonium ion
Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
tetradecyltrimethylammonium
tetradecyltrimethylammonium: cationic surfactant; used to determine thermal stability of DNA; Catrimox-14 is the tradename of the oxalate; Catrimox-14 lyses cells and simultaneously precipitates RNA and was demonstrated useful in isolating RNA from whole blood | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | | |
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.. phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzenes;
phenyl acetates | |
zwittergent 3-12
lauryl sulfobetaine : An ammonium betaine in which the ammonium nitrogen is substituted by dodecyl, 3-sulfatopropyl and two methyl groups.. zwittergent 3-12: zwitterionic detergent | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ammonium betaine | detergent |
lithium chloride
lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.. Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | inorganic chloride;
lithium salt | antimanic drug;
geroprotector |
bromochloroacetic acid
Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 2-bromocarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound | |
lithium
Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
sodium dodecyl sulfate
sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | detergent;
protein denaturant |
sarkosyl
sarkosyl: RN given is for sarkosyl L, the parent cpd; structure | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | | |
heme
ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.. Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | | |
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative | fundamental metabolite |
(4-amidinophenyl)methanesulfonyl fluoride
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
caffeine
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic |
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | | |
ethylmaleimide
Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group.. Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | acyl fluoride | serine proteinase inhibitor |
leucine
leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.. Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
taurocholic acid
taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid;
bile acid taurine conjugate | human metabolite |
glycocholic acid
glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | bile acid glycine conjugate | human metabolite |
lucanthone hydrochloride
Schistosomicides: Agents that act systemically to kill adult schistosomes. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | | |
ubenimex
ubenimex: growth inhibitor | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
4-carboxyfluorescein
[no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | fluorochrome |
polidocanol
Polidocanol: An alkyl polyglycol ether of LAURYL ALCOHOL, chemically defined as an alcohol ethoxylate having an average alkyl chain of 12–14 carbon atoms, and an ethylene oxide chain of 9 ethylene oxide units. It is used as a detergent, and medically as a local anesthetic, and as a sclerosing agent for the treatment of ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC VARICES and VARICOSE VEINS.. polidocanol : A hydroxypolyether that is nonaethylene glycol in which one of the terminal hydroxy functions is substituted by a lauryl (dodecyl) group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | hydroxypolyether | hepatotoxic agent;
nonionic surfactant;
sclerotherapy agent |
sodium dodecyl sulfate
sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | organic sodium salt | detergent;
protein denaturant |
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | | |
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |