Compounds > cannabigerolic acid
Page last updated: 2024-12-11

cannabigerolic acid

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

cannabigerolic acid: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

cannabigerolic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is olivetolic acid in which the hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a geranyl group. A biosynthetic precursor to Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, the principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

FloraRankFlora DefinitionFamilyFamily Definition
CannabisgenusThe plant genus in the Cannabaceae plant family, Urticales order, Hamamelidae subclass. The flowering tops are called many slang terms including pot, marijuana, hashish, bhang, and ganja. The stem is an important source of hemp fiber.[MeSH]CannabaceaeA plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is most notable for the members, Cannabis and Hops.[MeSH]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID6449999
CHEMBL ID463843
CHEBI ID67081
SCHEMBL ID9909324
SCHEMBL ID16429144
MeSH IDM0264172

Synonyms (28)

Synonym
benzoic acid, 3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentyl-, (e)-
80i4zm847y ,
unii-80i4zm847y
25555-57-1
(e)-3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid
cannabigerolic acid
cbga
CHEMBL463843
chebi:67081 ,
AKOS005109070
3-[(2e)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid
C20406
3-[(2e)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid
.beta.-resorcylic acid, 3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-6-pentyl-, (e)-
benzoic acid, 3-((2e)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl)-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentyl-
SCHEMBL9909324
SCHEMBL16429144
SEEZIOZEUUMJME-FOWTUZBSSA-N
Q27135612
cannabigerolic acid (cbga) 1000 microg/ml in acetonitrile
cannabigerolic acid (cbga) 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
cannabigerolic acid (cbga) 250 microg/ml in acetonitrile
bdbm50532217
DTXSID401315426
cannabigerolic acid (cbga)
3-((2e)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid
beta-resorcylic acid, 3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-6-pentyl-, (e)-
Z2587761296

Research Excerpts

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The aim of this study was to investigate similar dosing of CBG and CBGA from hemp plants that have been used for cannabidiol pharmacokinetic studies."( Single dose and chronic oral administration of cannabigerol and cannabigerolic acid-rich hemp extract in fed and fasted dogs: Physiological effect and pharmacokinetic evaluation.
Amstutz, K; Ellis, K; Gomez, B; Lyubimov, A; Schwark, WS; Venator, KP; Wakshlag, JJ; Zakharov, A, 2022)		0.96

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" To this end, we have developed a stimulus-responsive, in situ-forming, nanoparticle-laden hydrogel for controlled release of poorly bioavailable drugs into the aqueous humor of the eye."( A stimulus-responsive, in situ-forming, nanoparticle-laden hydrogel for ocular drug delivery.
Derakhshandeh, M; Hatzikiriakos, SG; Hossain, S; Kabiri, M; Kamal, SH; Kumar, U; Pawar, SV; Roy, PR; Yadav, VG, 2018)		0.48

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" The aim of this study was to investigate similar dosing of CBG and CBGA from hemp plants that have been used for cannabidiol pharmacokinetic studies."( Single dose and chronic oral administration of cannabigerol and cannabigerolic acid-rich hemp extract in fed and fasted dogs: Physiological effect and pharmacokinetic evaluation.
Amstutz, K; Ellis, K; Gomez, B; Lyubimov, A; Schwark, WS; Venator, KP; Wakshlag, JJ; Zakharov, A, 2022)		0.96
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (5)

ClassDescription
dihydroxybenzoic acidAny member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives.
diterpenoidAny terpenoid derived from a diterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C20 skeleton of the parent diterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups).
polyketideNatural and synthetic compounds containing alternating carbonyl and methylene groups ('beta-polyketones'), biogenetically derived from repeated condensation of acetyl coenzyme A (via malonyl coenzyme A), and usually the compounds derived from them by further condensations, etc. Considered by many to be synonymous with the less frequently used terms acetogenins and ketides.
resorcinolsAny benzenediol in which the two hydroxy groups are meta to one another.
phytocannabinoidA class of cannabinoid which are C21 terpenophenolic compounds isolated primarily from Cannabis sativa.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (2)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)50.00000.70000.70000.7000AID1625159
Diacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)30.50000.00101.05385.0119AID1625150
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (13)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
fatty acid metabolic processN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
sphingosine metabolic processN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
lipid catabolic processN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
N-acylethanolamine metabolic processN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine metabolic processN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
monoacylglycerol biosynthetic processDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathwayDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferationDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic processDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
diacylglycerol catabolic processDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoidDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuroinflammatory responseDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cannabinoid biosynthetic processDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (10)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bondsN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase activityN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid amide hydrolase activityN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine deacylase activityN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
ceramidase activityN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
acylglycerol lipase activityDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lipoprotein lipase activityDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (12)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
cytoplasmN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
membraneN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomal lumenN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeN-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
early endosome membraneDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite membraneDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine membraneDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
varicosityDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic density membraneDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite membraneDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneDiacylglycerol lipase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (39)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID362544Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study.
AID1617278AUC in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse brain at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1825218Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 isolate USA-WA1/2020 strain infected in African green monkey Vero E6 cells assessed as inhibition of viral entry incubated for 1 hr prior to infection and measured after 48 hrs by Focus forming assay2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID1625157Inhibition of FAAH in rat brain membranes at 50 uM using [14C]-AEA as substrate measured after 30 mins by scintillation counting method relative to control2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1617276Half life in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse brain at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1625150Inhibition of recombinant human DAGLalpha expressed in COS7 cells using [14C]-oleoyl-2-arachidonoyl-glycerol as substrate measured after 20 mins by beta-counting method2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1617271Cmax in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse plasma at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1625154Inhibition of MAGL in African green monkey COS cell homogenates at 100 uM using [3H]-arachidonoylglycerol as substrate measured after 20 mins by scintillation counting method relative to control2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1625162Inhibition of [14C]-AEA uptake in rat RBL2H3 cells by scintillation counting method2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID385376Binding affinity to CB1 receptor2008Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4
Cannabinoid ester constituents from high-potency Cannabis sativa.
AID1617305Drug metabolism in plasma of anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse assessed as decrease in decarboxylation of parent compound at 10 mg/kg, ip by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1625159Inhibition of recombinant human NAAA expressed in HEK293 cells using [14C]-N-palmitoylethanolamine as substrate measured after 30 mins by beta-counting method2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1825217Antiviral activity against pseudovirus SARS-CoV-2 spike protein infected in HEK293T cells overexpressing ACE2 assessed as inhibition on pseudovirus infection incubated for 45 hrs by fluorescence microscopy2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID1625163Inhibition of [14C]-AEA uptake in rat RBL2H3 cells at 25 uM by scintillation counting method relative to control2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1617273Tmax in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse plasma at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID362546Antibacterial activity against epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 16 after 18 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study.
AID1825221Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells by resazurin assay2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID1625153Inhibition of MAGL in African green monkey COS cell homogenates using [3H]-arachidonoylglycerol as substrate measured after 20 mins by scintillation counting method2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1825216Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infected in African green monkey Vero E6 cells assessed as inhibition of viral entry at 25 ug/ml measured after 24 hrs post infection by fluorescence microscopy2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID1625152Inhibition of recombinant human DAGLalpha expressed in COS7 cells at 100 uM using [14C]-oleoyl-2-arachidonoyl-glycerol as substrate measured after 20 mins by beta-counting method relative to control2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1825223Cytotoxicity against human HEK293T cells overexpressing ACE2 by resazurin assay2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID362543Antibacterial activity against tetracycline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus XU212 after 18 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study.
AID1625160Inhibition of recombinant human NAAA expressed in HEK293 cells at 100 uM using [14C]-N-palmitoylethanolamine as substrate measured after 30 mins by beta-counting method relative to control2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1617272Cmax in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse brain at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID362541Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA1199B after 18 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study.
AID1617277AUC in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse plasma at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1617274Tmax in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse brain at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1825220Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 strain infected in African green monkey Vero E6 cells assessed as inhibition of viral entry incubated for 1 hr prior to infection and measured after 48 hrs by Focus forming assay2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID1617270Ratio of drug level in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse brain to plasma at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1617304Partition coefficient, log P of compound2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1782665Inhibition of human LDHB assessed as reduction in lactate production using pyruvate as substrate at 10 uM in presence of NADH by spectrophotometric analysis relative to control2021Journal of natural products, 05-28, Volume: 84, Issue:5
Cannabichromene and Δ
AID362542Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 after 18 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study.
AID1825222Cytotoxicity against human Caco-2 cells by resazurin assay2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID1625156Inhibition of FAAH in rat brain membranes using [14C]-AEA as substrate measured after 30 mins by scintillation counting method2019Journal of natural products, 03-22, Volume: 82, Issue:3
Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling.
AID1825219Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 strain infected in African green monkey Vero E6 cells assessed as inhibition of viral entry incubated for 1 hr proir to infection and measured after 48 hrs by Focus forming assay2022Journal of natural products, 01-28, Volume: 85, Issue:1
Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2 and the Emerging Variants.
AID1617275Half life in anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse plasma at 10 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured upto 240 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID1617303Dissociation constant, pKa of compound2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
AID362545Antibacterial activity against epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 15 after 18 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study.
AID1617306Drug metabolism in brain of anesthetized C57BL/6J mouse assessed as decrease in decarboxylation of parent compound at 10 mg/kg, ip by LC-MS/MS analysis2019Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 82, Issue:11
Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (26)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's2 (7.69)18.2507
2000's4 (15.38)29.6817
2010's9 (34.62)24.3611
2020's11 (42.31)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 34.24

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index34.24 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.33 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.14 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index44.85 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (34.24)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (3.85%)5.53%
Reviews2 (7.69%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other23 (88.46%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
acetyl phosphate
acetyl dihydrogen phosphate : An acyl monophosphate in which the acyl group specified is acetyl.		2.2510acyl monophosphateEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
cannabinol
Cannabinol: A physiologically inactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L.		4.1740dibenzopyran
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		2.0410fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
resorcinol
resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.		2.0410benzenediol;
phenolic donor;
resorcinols		erythropoietin inhibitor;
sensitiser
galactose
galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.		2.2110D-galactose;
galactopyranose		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
oxacillin
Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.		2.0410penicillinantibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
hexanoic acid
hexanoic acid : A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid.		2.610medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
olivetol
olivetol: from cannabidiol by pyrolysis; structure. olivetol : A member of the class of resorcinols that is resorcinol in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a pentyl group.		7.4220resorcinolslichen metabolite
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		2.0410cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
durapatite
Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.. hydroxylapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH).		1.9910
dronabinol
Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.		3.8100benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
cannabichromene
[no description available]		3.92301-benzopyran
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		3.3110flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
gallocatechol
(-)-epigallocatechin : A flavan-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexol having (2R,3R)-configuration.		3.3110catechin;
flavan-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexol		antioxidant;
food component;
plant metabolite
abnormal cannabidiol
[no description available]		2.0410monoterpenoid
(6ar-trans)-isomer of tetrahydrocannabivarin 9
[no description available]		3.7620
delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid
Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. A biosynthetic precursor to Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, the principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant.		4.670benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		anti-inflammatory agent;
biomarker;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
epicatechin gallate
epicatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor; RN given refers to the (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source; isolated from green tea. (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of epicatechin. A natural product found in Parapiptadenia rigida.		3.3110catechin;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
cannabidiolic acid
cannabidiolic acid: structure. cannabidiolic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is olivetolic acid in which the hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a 3-p-mentha-1,8-dien-3-yl (limonene) group.		9.8390dihydroxybenzoic acid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide;
resorcinols
cannabidiol-3-monomethyl ether
cannabidiol-3-monomethyl ether: RN given refers to (1R-trans)-isomer		2.0410
mevalonic acid
Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.		2.21103,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
geranyl pyrophosphate
geranyl pyrophosphate: RN given refers to (E)-isomer. geranyl diphosphate : The diphosphate of the polyprenol compound geraniol.		2.2110polyprenyl diphosphateEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
hexanoyl-coenzyme a
[no description available]		2.2110medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
cannabidiol
Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.		6.281olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
malonyl coenzyme a
Malonyl Coenzyme A: A coenzyme A derivative which plays a key role in the fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplasmic and microsomal systems.. omega-carboxyacyl-CoA : An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with one of the carboxy groups of any alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid.		2.2510malonyl-CoAsEC 2.3.1.21 (carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pyrophosphate
Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.		1.9910diphosphate ion
olivetolic acid
olivetolic acid: structure in first source. olivetolic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogens ortho- and para- to the carboxy group are replaced by a pentyl and a hydroxy group, respectively.		3.0440benzoic acids;
monocarboxylic acid;
polyketide;
resorcinols		metabolite
cannabidiol dimethyl ether
cannabidiol dimethyl ether: metabolite of cannabidiol; structure given in first source		2.0410
cannabinolic acid
cannabinolic acid: structure given in first source		2.8330
cannabigerol
cannabigerol: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. cannabigerol : A member of the class of resorcinols that is resorcinol which is substituted by a (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl group at position 2 and by a pentyl group at position 5. It is a natural product found in Cannabis sativa and Helichrysum species.		10.7651phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antioxidant;
appetite enhancer;
cannabinoid receptor agonist;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
guineensine
guineensine: an Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor, from the fruits of Piper longum; structure in first sourc		3.3110benzodioxoles
(2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-2,4-dodecadienamide
[no description available]		3.3110fatty amidemetabolite
cannabidivarin
cannabidivarin: from Cannabis sativa		3.7620monoterpenoid
methylcellulose
Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.		2.1710
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		2.0410
salicylates
Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.		2.7830monohydroxybenzoateplant metabolite
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Convulsions, Grand Mal
[description not available]		02.2110
Benign Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy
[description not available]		02.6620
Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic
A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)		02.2110
Epilepsies, Myoclonic
A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology: familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic.		02.6620
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
[description not available]		02.8220
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		02.7620
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		07.7620
Aura
[description not available]		02.3110
Epilepsy
A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)		07.3110