Page last updated: 2024-10-24

hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds. [GOC:jl]

Hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of chemical bonds by the addition of a water molecule. Specifically, hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, involves the hydrolysis of non-peptide C-N bonds. This broad category encompasses enzymes that break down a wide variety of molecules, including amides, amidines, and other nitrogen-containing compounds. These enzymes play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, such as:

- **Metabolism:** Hydrolyzing nitrogen-containing compounds to break down complex molecules into simpler ones that can be further utilized in metabolic pathways.
- **Detoxification:** Degrading harmful nitrogenous compounds, such as drugs and toxins, into less toxic byproducts.
- **Cellular signaling:** Acting on signaling molecules containing non-peptide C-N bonds to regulate cellular processes.
- **Biopolymer degradation:** Breaking down biopolymers, like chitin and glycoproteins, that contain non-peptide C-N bonds.

Examples of enzymes with this hydrolase activity include:

- **Amidases:** Catalyze the hydrolysis of amides, releasing an amine and a carboxylic acid.
- **Amidinases:** Catalyze the hydrolysis of amidines, releasing an amine and a carboxylic acid.
- **Deaminases:** Catalyze the removal of an amine group from a molecule, releasing ammonia.
- **Glycosidases:** Catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds, which involve C-N bonds in some cases.

The diversity of substrates and their involvement in various biological processes highlight the significant role of hydrolases, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in maintaining cellular function and homeostasis.'
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Proteins (1)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidaseAn N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q02083]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (11)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
cannabinolCannabinol: A physiologically inactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L.dibenzopyran
diacereindiacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;anthraquinone
cannabichromene1-benzopyran
(6ar-trans)-isomer of tetrahydrocannabivarin 9
delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acidDelta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. A biosynthetic precursor to Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, the principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant.benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide
anti-inflammatory agent;
biomarker;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
cannabidiolic acidcannabidiolic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is olivetolic acid in which the hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a 3-p-mentha-1,8-dien-3-yl (limonene) group.

cannabidiolic acid: structure
dihydroxybenzoic acid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide;
resorcinols
sc 58272SC 58272: inhibits myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase; structure given in first source
cannabidiolcannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.

Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.
olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols
antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
cannabigerolcannabigerol : A member of the class of resorcinols that is resorcinol which is substituted by a (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl group at position 2 and by a pentyl group at position 5. It is a natural product found in Cannabis sativa and Helichrysum species.

cannabigerol: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antioxidant;
appetite enhancer;
cannabinoid receptor agonist;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
cannabigerolic acidcannabigerolic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is olivetolic acid in which the hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a geranyl group. A biosynthetic precursor to Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, the principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant.

cannabigerolic acid: structure in first source
dihydroxybenzoic acid;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide;
resorcinols
cannabidivarincannabidivarin: from Cannabis sativamonoterpenoid