fazarabine profile

Fazarabine is a nucleoside analog that is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active form, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dCyd), in cells. 5-aza-dCyd is a potent inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), which are enzymes that play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. By inhibiting DNMTs, fazarabine causes demethylation of DNA, which can reactivate tumor suppressor genes and induce cell death. Fazarabine is being studied for its potential to overcome drug resistance in cancer cells, as it has been shown to be effective against some cancer cells that are resistant to other chemotherapeutic agents.'

fazarabine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-arabinofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. A synthetic analogue of cytosine arabinoside and 5-azacytidine that incorporates structural features of both compounds, it shows good activity against a variety of transplanted tumors. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	47751
CHEMBL ID	2106666
CHEBI ID	141077
SCHEMBL ID	3278
SCHEMBL ID	19463649
MeSH ID	M0077798

Synonym
ara-ac
aza-5-c
aza-a
nsc-281272
65886-71-7
kymarabine
fazarabine
fazarabine (usan/inn)
D04134
fazarabinum [latin]
1,3,5-triazin-2(1h)-one, 4-amino-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-
s-triazin-2(1h)-one, 4-amino-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-
4-amino-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-s-triazin-2(1h)-one
fazarabina [spanish]
1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine
5-azacytosine arabinoside
ccris 93
nsc 281272
fazarabine [usan:inn]
4-amino-1-[(2r,3s,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-1,3,5-triazin-2-one
CHEBI:141077
fazarabina
5-azacytarabine
fazarabinum
5v71d8jokk ,
unii-5v71d8jokk
NCGC00090851-09
4-amino-1-.beta.-d-arabinofuranosyl-1,3,5-triazin-2(1h)-one
fazarabine [mart.]
fazarabine [usan]
fazarabine [who-dd]
1,3,5-triazin-2(1h)-one, 4-amino-1-.beta.-d-arabinofuranosyl-
fazarabine [inn]
CHEMBL2106666
SCHEMBL3278
SCHEMBL19463649
SW219133-1
Q27262921
ccris93; nsc 281272; kymarabine
4-amino-1-((2r,3s,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1h)-one
DTXSID401024360

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fazarabine is a novel nucleoside with broad spectrum pre-clinical activity and was chosen for study in patients with incurable non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. "	( Phase II trial and cost analysis of fazarabine in advanced non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: a Southwest Oncology Group study. Crowley, JJ; Goodwin, JW; Livingston, RB; Panella, TJ; Williamson, SK, 1995)	2.01
"Fazarabine is a synthetic analog of cytosine arabinoside and 5-azacytidine that incorporates structural features of both compounds. "	( A phase I trial of fazarabine in refractory pediatric solid tumors. A Pediatric Oncology Group study. Bernstein, ML; Devine, S; Dubowy, R; Grier, H; Kung, F; Land, V; Murphy, S; Whitehead, VM, 1993)	2.06

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fazarabine has no demonstrable activity in patients with metastatic non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. "	( Phase II trial and cost analysis of fazarabine in advanced non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: a Southwest Oncology Group study. Crowley, JJ; Goodwin, JW; Livingston, RB; Panella, TJ; Williamson, SK, 1995)	2.01
"Fazarabine has shown activity in the panel of 60 cultured human tumor lines of the National Cancer Institute. "	( Studies on the mechanism of action of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine (fazarabine) in mammalian lymphoblasts. Ahluwalia, GS; Barchi, JJ; Cooney, DA; Covey, JM; Gharehbaghi, K; Hochman, I; Jayaram, HN; Paull, KD, 1996)	1.96
"Fazarabine has demonstrated a broad spectrum of antitumor activity in experimental models including P388 and L1210 cell lines. "	( Phase I study of arabinosyl-5-azacytidine (fazarabine) in adult acute leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic phase. Estey, E; Kantarjian, HM; Keating, MJ; O'Brien, S; Plunkett, W; Rios, MB; Sorenson, M; Wilhelm, M, 1999)	2.01

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Four adult male rhesus monkeys were given single 10 mg intrathecal (n = 1) or intraventricular (n = 3) doses of AAC to determine its acute toxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and toxicology of intraventricular and intrathecal arabinosyl-5-azacytosine (fazarabine, NSC 281272) in the nonhuman primate. Balis, FM; Heideman, RL; McCully, C; Poplack, DG, )	0.34

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Both methods can be used to assess the sensitivity of blasts to chemotherapeutic drugs, but different dose-response curves are obtained with each."	( A comparison of the lethal effects in culture of cytosine arabinoside and arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine acting on the blast cells fo acute myeloblastic leukemia. McCulloch, EA; Yang, GS, 1992)	0.28
" The initial dosage was 30 mg/M2/day, 80% of the maximum tolerated dosage in adults, with subsequent 30% dosage escalations."	( A phase I trial of fazarabine in refractory pediatric solid tumors. A Pediatric Oncology Group study. Bernstein, ML; Devine, S; Dubowy, R; Grier, H; Kung, F; Land, V; Murphy, S; Whitehead, VM, 1993)	0.61
" Twenty-three patients with histologically proven recurrent cervical cancer with measurable disease received FZB at a dosage of 30 mg/m2 per day for 5 days; cycles repeated every 28 days."	( A phase II study of fazarabine (NSC 281272) in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Blessing, JA; Manetta, A; Mann, WJ; Smith, DM, 1995)	0.61

Role	Description
antineoplastic agent	A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine
nucleoside analogue	An analogue of a nucleoside, being an N-glycosyl compound in which the nitrogen-containing moiety is a modified nucleotide base. They are commonly used as antiviral products to prevent viral replication in infected cells.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Fumarate hydratase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.2212	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
EWS/FLI fusion protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	5.7270	0.0013	10.1577	42.8575	AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
polyprotein	Zika virus	Potency	37.2212	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (87)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347117	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347111	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347129	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347119	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347126	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347115	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347124	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347114	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347122	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347128	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347113	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347121	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347109	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347123	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347118	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347127	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347116	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347112	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347125	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347110	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for A673 cells)	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1079933	Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID1079938	Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID1079942	Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID1079941	Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID1079931	Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID1079949	Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID1079945	Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID1134733	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 50 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079939	Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID1134727	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 3.12 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134719	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 50 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079936	Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID1079932	Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID1134716	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134741	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 3.12 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134723	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 12.5 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079934	Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID1079937	Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID1134717	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 100 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134735	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 25 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134721	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 25 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134728	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 1.56 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134737	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 12.5 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134743	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 0.78 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079940	Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID1134742	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 1.56 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134739	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 6.25 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079943	Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID1079948	Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID1134731	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 100 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1134730	Toxicity in CDF1 mouse assessed as change in body weight at 200 mg/kg, ip measured on day 5 relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079935	Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID1134725	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 6.25 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079947	Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID1134729	Antitumor activity in mouse L1210 cells allografted in CDF1 mouse assessed as increase in life span at 0.78 mg/kg, ip administered as qd for 9 days relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079944	Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID1134745	Drug degradation in water solution at 25 degC after 4 hrs by reverse phase liquid chromatography	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-azacytosine arabinoside.
AID1079946	Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	21 (39.62)	18.7374
1990's	24 (45.28)	18.2507
2000's	1 (1.89)	29.6817
2010's	2 (3.77)	24.3611
2020's	5 (9.43)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	16 (28.57%)	5.53%
Reviews	4 (7.14%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (1.79%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	35 (62.50%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.	1.96	1	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
etanidazole Etanidazole: A nitroimidazole that sensitizes hypoxic tumor cells that are normally resistant to radiation therapy.. etanidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. Used as a radiosensitising agent for hypoxic tumour cells.	3.07	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	1.97	1	0	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
trimetrexate Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.	3.07	1	0
thymidine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
azauridine Azauridine: A triazine nucleoside used as an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with pyrimidine biosynthesis thereby preventing formation of cellular nucleic acids. As the triacetate, it is also effective as an antipsoriatic.	3.06	1	0	N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite
cytidine [no description available]	3.98	4	0	cytidines	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytidine triphosphate Cytidine Triphosphate: Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	1.97	1	0	cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
tubercidin Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus.	1.98	1	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; ribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
cytarabine [no description available]	3.67	10	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent
diethylhexyl phthalate Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	1.96	1	0	diester; phthalate ester	androstane receptor agonist; apoptosis inhibitor; plasticiser
azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.	11.22	46	16	N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent
azomycin azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure	3.07	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles	antitubercular agent
deoxycytidine [no description available]	4.17	5	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate: authors commonly refer to it as trioctyl trimellitate	1.96	1	0	benzoate ester
vidarabine adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.	1.96	1	0	beta-D-arabinoside; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
3-deazaadenosine 3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd.	1.98	1	0
coformycin [no description available]	1.96	1	0	coformycins	EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
arabinofuranosylcytosine triphosphate Arabinofuranosylcytosine Triphosphate: A triphosphate nucleotide analog which is the biologically active form of CYTARABINE. It inhibits nuclear DNA synthesis.	1.97	1	0
fludarabine phosphate fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.	3.07	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
vidarabine phosphate Vidarabine Phosphate: An adenosine monophosphate analog in which ribose is replaced by an arabinose moiety. It is the monophosphate ester of VIDARABINE with antiviral and possibly antineoplastic properties.	3.07	1	0
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	3.07	1	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename	3.07	1	0	1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	3.07	1	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.	3.07	1	0	anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative
gusperimus gusperimus: synthesized by chemical modification of spergualin; in combination with cyclosporin A prevents diabetes in predisposed NOD mice; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (-)-isomer trihydrochloride	3.07	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
flavone acetic acid flavone acetic acid: structure given in first source	3.07	1	0
brequinar brequinar : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline substituted by 2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl, methyl, carboxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6, respectively. It is an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that is required for de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. The compound exhibits antineoplastic and antiviral properties.	3.07	1	0	biphenyls; monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; EC 1.3.5.2 [dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor
crisnatol crisnatol: structure given in first source	3.07	1	0
sulofenur sulofenur: a diarylsulfonylurea	3.07	1	0
gemcitabine gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.	3.07	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
thymidine 5'-triphosphate thymidine 5'-triphosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd. dTTP : A thymidine phosphate having a triphosphate group at the 5'-position.	1.97	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; thymidine phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
2'-deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate 2'-deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd	2.66	3	0	2'-deoxycytidine phosphate; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine 5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine: NSC-264880 refers to 5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine hydrochloride	3.76	3	0
pseudoisocytidine pseudoisocytidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.06	1	0
nogalamycin Nogalamycin: An anthrocycline from a Streptomyces nogalater variant. It is a cytolytic antineoplastic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis by binding to DNA.. nogalamycin : An anthracycline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces nogalater. It is a DNA intercalator and exhibits anticancer properties.	3.07	1	0
menogaril Menogaril: A semisynthetic anthracycline with the amino sugar on the D ring. It displays broad-spectrum antineoplastic activity against a variety of tumors.	3.07	1	0
pentostatin Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.	3.47	2	0	coformycins	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
decitabine [no description available]	4.45	7	0	2'-deoxyribonucleoside
tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).	3.07	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug
mitoguazone Mitoguazone: Antineoplastic agent effective against myelogenous leukemia in experimental animals. Also acts as an inhibitor of animal S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase.. mitoguazone : A hydrazone obtained by formal condensation of the two carbonyl groups of methylglyoxal with the primary amino groups of two molecules of aminoguanidine.	3.07	1	0	guanidines; hydrazone	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 4.1.1.50 (adenosylmethionine decarboxylase) inhibitor
echinomycin Echinomycin: A cytotoxic polypeptide quinoxaline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces echinatus that binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis.	3.07	1	0	cyclodepsipeptide

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Leukemia L 1210 [description not available]	2.88	4	0
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.25	1	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	2.25	1	0
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	4.63	3	2
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	3.8	2	1
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	9.63	3	2
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	3.8	2	1
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	1.96	1	0
Germinoblastoma [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	1.96	1	0
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	4.27	4	1
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	4.27	4	1
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	3.37	1	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	7.17	8	5
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	7.17	8	5
Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	3.76	2	1
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)	3.37	1	1
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	3.76	2	1
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	3.37	1	1
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	8.37	1	1
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	4.98	3	3
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	9.98	3	3
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	3.37	1	1
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	2.67	3	0
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	2.67	3	0
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Cancer of Cervix [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	3.37	1	1
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.	3.37	1	1
Cancer, Embryonal [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal Neoplasms composed of primordial GERM CELLS of embryonic GONADS or of elements of the germ layers of the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the gonads or present in an embryo or FETUS.	3.37	1	1
Leukemia P388 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.	2.38	2	0
Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.	3.38	1	1
Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.	4.33	2	2
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia [description not available]	3.38	1	1
Blast Phase [description not available]	3.78	2	1
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic [description not available]	3.38	1	1
Blast Crisis An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia, characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to greater than 30%.	3.78	2	1
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.	3.38	1	1
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.	3.38	1	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	1.98	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	1.98	1	0
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	3.77	2	1
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	3.77	2	1
Breast Cancer [description not available]	8.36	1	1
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	3.36	1	1
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available]	3.36	1	1
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).	3.36	1	1
Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	2.38	2	0
Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.	1.98	1	0
Leukocytopenia [description not available]	3.36	1	1
Thrombopenia [description not available]	3.36	1	1
Leukopenia A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).	3.36	1	1
Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.	3.36	1	1
Cancer of Head [description not available]	3.36	1	1
Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)	3.36	1	1
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Experimental Leukemia [description not available]	3.75	2	0
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.	1.96	1	0
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	1.97	1	0

fazarabine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (41)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (1)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (3)

Potency Measurements

Bioassays (87)

Research

Studies (53)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 16.07

Study Types

fazarabine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (41)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (1)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (3)

Potency Measurements

Bioassays (87)

Research

Studies (53)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 16.07

Study Types

Related Drugs (42)

Related Conditions (70)