Compounds > physalin a
Page last updated: 2024-11-13

physalin a

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Description

physalin A: an anti-inflammatory agent isolated from Physalis alkekengi var; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

FloraRankFlora DefinitionFamilyFamily Definition
Alkekengigenus[no description available]SolanaceaeA plant family of the order SOLANALES, class MAGNOLIOPSIDA. Among the most noted are POTATOES; TOMATOES; CAPSICUM (green and red peppers); TOBACCO; and BELLADONNA.[MeSH]
PhysalisgenusA plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain physalin and withangulatin.[MeSH]SolanaceaeA plant family of the order SOLANALES, class MAGNOLIOPSIDA. Among the most noted are POTATOES; TOMATOES; CAPSICUM (green and red peppers); TOBACCO; and BELLADONNA.[MeSH]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID44577487
CHEMBL ID504741
CHEBI ID191715
MeSH IDM0576128

Synonyms (11)

Synonym
physalin a
CHEMBL504741
CHEBI:191715
(1s,2s,3r,5r,6s,7r,14r,15s,18r,21s,22r)-5,7,18-trihydroxy-1,14,21-trimethyl-25-methylidene-4,20,23-trioxaheptacyclo[20.3.1.12,5.03,18.03,21.06,15.09,14]heptacosa-8,11-diene-13,19,24,27-tetrone
bdbm50437351
23027-91-0
MS-29744
DTXSID401318470
CS-0226282
HY-N9942
AKOS040762186

Research Excerpts

Overview

Physalin A is a bioactive withanolide isolated from the natural plant Physalis alkekengi var. 1.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Physalin A (1) is a withanolide isolated from Physalis alkekengi var. "( Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
Chen, LX; Feng, YS; He, H; Ikejima, T; Kang, N; Liu, WW; Onodera, S; Qiu, F; Tashiro, S; Wang, J; Zang, LH, 2013)		3.28
"Physalin A is a bioactive withanolide isolated from natural plant Physalis alkekengi L. "( Physalin A induces apoptosis via p53-Noxa-mediated ROS generation, and autophagy plays a protective role against apoptosis through p38-NF-κB survival pathway in A375-S2 cells.
Chen, LX; Feng, YS; He, H; Ikejima, T; Kang, N; Onodera, S; Qiu, F; Tashiro, S; Zang, LH, 2013)		3.28
"Physalin A is an active withanolide isolated from Physalis alkekengi var. "( Nitric oxide induces apoptosis and autophagy; autophagy down-regulates NO synthesis in physalin A-treated A375-S2 human melanoma cells.
Chen, LX; Ding, LQ; Feng, YS; Hayashi, T; He, H; Ikejima, T; Kang, N; Liu, WW; Onodera, S; Qiu, F; Tashiro, S; Zang, LH, 2014)		2.07
"Physalin A (PA) is an active withanolide isolated from Physalis alkekengi var. "( Physalin A induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in human non-small cell lung cancer cells: involvement of the p38 MAPK/ROS pathway.
Cao, SJ; Gao, XM; Huang, YY; Jian, JF; Kang, N; Mao, YW; Peng, YF; Qiu, F; Zhang, Q, 2016)		3.32
"1. Physalin A is a bioactive withanolide isolated from the natural plant Physalis alkekengi var. "( Two sulfonate metabolites of physalin A in rats.
Chai, L; Ding, L; Donkor, PO; Liu, H; Qiu, F; Wang, K; Xia, G, 2018)		1.39
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
physalinAny seco-steroid based on a 13,14-seco-16,24-cycloergostane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. These phytochemicals form the major steroidal constituents of Physalis plants and exhibit antimicrobial and antiparasitic activity.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (1)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (29)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
Notch signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic sequestering of NF-kappaBNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol effluxNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid storageNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to muramyl dipeptideNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to muscle stretchNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferationNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNANF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiationNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Notch signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory responseNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein metabolic processNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase IINF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to coldNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathwayNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (9)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
protein bindingNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear localization sequence bindingNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB bindingNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein sequestering activityNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
molecular sequestering activityNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator inhibitor activityNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (6)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
cytoplasmNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
I-kappaB/NF-kappaB complexNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolNF-kappa-B inhibitor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (74)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID747835Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in apoptotic ratio at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747871Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747819Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as downregulation of ICAD at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747853Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as change in procaspase-9 expression level at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID383419Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as nitrite formation2008Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4
Steroids and flavonoids from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production.
AID747854Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as downregulation of ICAD at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747814Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as increase in FADD protein expression at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747841Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay.2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747852Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as appearance of cleaved procaspase-9 at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747868Cytotoxicity against human PBMC at 10 to 20 uM after 24 to 48 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747825Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in procaspase-8 cleavage at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747877Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747866Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 12 to 72 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747849Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as change in BAX expression at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747859Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in FAS protein expression at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747855Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as PARP cleavage at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747827Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as upregulation of FADD protein expression at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747851Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as change in cytosolic BID expression at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID760305Inhibition of TNFalpha-induced IkappaBalpha (unknown origin) phosphorylation expressed in human HeLa cells pretreated 30 mins before TNFalpha addition measured up to 120 mins by ELISA in presence of proteasome inhibitor MG-1322013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-08, Volume: 4, Issue:8
Contribution of Cage-Shaped Structure of Physalins to Their Mode of Action in Inhibition of NF-κB Activation.
AID747836Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in apoptotic ratio at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747826Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in procaspase-3 cleavage at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747832Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as conversion from LC31to LC32 at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747847Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in autophagolysosomes at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MDC staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis (Rvb = 2.65 +/- 0.12%)2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747812Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as increase in procaspase-8 cleavage at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747862Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 10 uM pretreated with z-DEVD-FMK for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747864Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as appearance of granular apoptotic bodies at 10 uM after 24 hrs by acridine orange staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747857Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as procaspase-3 cleavage at 10 uM by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747839Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as autophagic vacuole formation at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MDC staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747879Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747838Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in autophagy ratio at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MDC staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID760303Inhibition of TNFalpha-induced IkappaBalpha (unknown origin) degradation expressed in human HeLa cells at 50 uM pretreated 12.5 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 30 mins by ELISA2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-08, Volume: 4, Issue:8
Contribution of Cage-Shaped Structure of Physalins to Their Mode of Action in Inhibition of NF-κB Activation.
AID747823Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in procaspase-3 cleavage at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747856Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as procaspase-8 cleavage at 10 uM by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747828Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as upregulation of FAS protein expression at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747875Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747817Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as reversal of beclin 1 upregulation at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747833Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as upregulation of beclin 1 at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747831Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as conversion from LC31to LC32 at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747822Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in procaspase-8 cleavage at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747813Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as increase in procaspase-3 cleavage at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747821Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in PARP cleavage at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747863Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as accumulation in subG1 phase at 10 uM after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 0.32%)2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747848Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as change in BCL2 expression at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747844Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as conversion from LC31to LC32 at 10 uM by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747840Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as autophagic vacuole formation at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MDC staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747870Cytotoxicity against human PBMC at 10 to 80 uM after 24 to 48 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747878Cytotoxicity against human A375-S2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747842Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747820Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as downregulation of ICAD at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID760306Inhibition of TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activation (unknown origin) expressed in human HeLa cells pretreated 30 mins before TNFalpha addition after 7 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-08, Volume: 4, Issue:8
Contribution of Cage-Shaped Structure of Physalins to Their Mode of Action in Inhibition of NF-κB Activation.
AID747811Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as increase in PARP cleavage at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747858Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in FADD protein expression at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747860Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 10 uM pretreated with z-LEHD-FMK for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747874Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747850Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as change in cytochrome C expression at 10 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747845Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as upregulation of beclin 1 at 10 uM by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747865Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as appearance of membrane blebbing at 10 uM after 24 hrs by acridine orange staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747846Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells at 10 uM by MDC staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747880Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747815Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as increase in FAS protein expression at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747834Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as upregulation of beclin 1 at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747867Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 1 to 100 uM by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747861Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 10 uM pretreated with z-IETD-FMK for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747810Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as ICAD downregulation at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747829Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as upregulation of FADD protein expression at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747818Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as increase in apoptotic ratio at 10 uM after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747830Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as upregulation of FAS protein expression at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747873Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747816Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells expressing beclin 1 siRNA assessed as suppression of LC31to LC32 conversion at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis relative to control2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747824Induction of apoptosis in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in PARP cleavage at 10 uM pretreated with 3MA for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747843Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in autophagolysosomes at 10 uM by MDC staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747876Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747837Induction of autophagy in human HT1080 cells assessed as increase in autophagy ratio at 10 uM pretreated with rapamycin for 1 hr prior to compound addition measured after 24 hrs by MDC staining-based FACS flow cytometric analysis2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
AID747872Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, May-24, Volume: 76, Issue:5
Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (14)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's1 (7.14)29.6817
2010's11 (78.57)24.3611
2020's2 (14.29)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 20.77

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index20.77 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.71 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.85 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index15.26 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (20.77)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other14 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.		2.3110monocarboxylic acidantimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		2.0810nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		2.2510dialdehydebiomarker
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		2.1310acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		2.0810taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
withanolides
Withanolides: Ergostane derivatives of 28 carbons with oxygens at C1, C22, and C26 positions and the side chain cyclized. They are found in WITHANIA plant genus and have cytotoxic and other effects.		4.01120
luteolin
[no description available]		2.51203'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
ombuine
ombuine: from rhizome of Alpinia tonkinensis. ombuin : A dimethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 4' are replaced by methoxy groups. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.		2.0410dimethoxyflavone;
flavonols;
trihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.		2.0710cysteiniumfundamental metabolite
nsc-287088
[no description available]		2.4620
physalin b
physalin B: has immunosuppressive activity; structure in first source. physalin B : A physalin with antimalarial, antitumour and antimicrobial activities isolated from Physalis angulata.		2.1710enone;
lactone;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound;
physalin		antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
phytosterols
Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.		2.0710
physalin f
physalin F: has immunosuppressive activity; from Physalis angulata L; structure given in first source. physalin F : A physalin with antimalarial and antitumour activities isolated from Physalis angulata.		2.4620enone;
epoxy steroid;
lactone;
physalin		antileishmanial agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
immunosuppressive agent
physalin g
physalin G: has immunosuppressive activity; from Physalis angulata; structure in first source. physalin G : A physalin with antimalarial activity isolated from Physalis angulata.		2.52206alpha-hydroxy steroid;
enone;
lactone;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound;
physalin		antimalarial
physalin d
physalin D: from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetti; structure in first source. physalin D : A physalin with antimalarial and antimycobacterial activities isolated from Physalis angulata.		2.17105alpha-hydroxy steroid;
6beta-hydroxy steroid;
cyclic ether;
enone;
lactone;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound;
physalin		antimalarial;
antimycobacterial drug;
antineoplastic agent
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.6920
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		07.6920
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		02.3110
Anasarca
[description not available]		02.3110
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		02.3110
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		02.110
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		07.110
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		02.5320
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.5320
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		02.5320
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		02.5320