Compounds > etidin
Page last updated: 2024-12-06

etidin

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Description

etidin: structure; geroprotective agent [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID70849
CHEMBL ID1521734
CHEMBL ID3194512
SCHEMBL ID95164
MeSH IDM0064236

Synonyms (101)

Synonym
AC-5634
STK723901
nsc-120573
nsc120573
mls000737519 ,
nsc-3344
ethidine
hantzsch ester
nsc3344
3, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-, diethyl ester
diludine
1149-23-1
2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-,diethyl ester
diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate
DIVK1C_001935
AG-205/25020007
CDS1_000895
OPREA1_780789
3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-, diethyl ester
diludin
diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate
etidin
2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dicarbethoxy-1,4-dihydropyridine
diethone
nsc 120573
diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate
einecs 214-561-6
rr 116
ai3-61863
2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
hantzsch's dihydropyridine
nsc 3344
IDI1_003946
smr000069117
MLS000060889
diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate
CHEMDIV2_005231
diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate, 95%
smr000528546
MAYBRIDGE1_005647
D3775
1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
HMS557I15
HMS1383N17
AKOS000593008
A803270
ethyl 5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate
HMS2884B15
HMS2399L03
unii-gwn6123bug
gwn6123bug ,
diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3-5-pyridinedicarboxylate
F0191-0461
FT-0600612
AM20080091
AB00545
S5221
CHEMBL1521734
CCG-207953
SCHEMBL95164
3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine
2,6-dimethyl-3,5-di(carboethoxy)-1,4-dihydropyridine
rr-116
1,4-dihydro-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester-2,6-dimethylpyridine
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-, 3,5-diethyl ester
2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
3,5-dicarboethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
3,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine
3,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy-3,5 pyridinedicarboxylate
diethyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3.5-pyridinedicarboxylate
1,4-dihydro-3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethylpyridine
diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate
diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate
diethyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3.5-pyridine dicarboxylate
diethyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate
diethyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate
1,4-dihydro-3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl pyridine
diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-l,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate
SY016910
mfcd00005951
ethyl (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate)
diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate #
2,6-dimethyl-3,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine
CS-W018746
W-108595
CHEMBL3194512
DTXSID80150895
sr-01000314518
SR-01000314518-2
SR-01000314518-1
3,5-diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate
GS-3120
VU0007198-5
1,4-dihydro-3,5-dicarbetboxy-2,6-dimethylpyridine
Q27279321
EN300-26986
Z57393194
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (12)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.01190.003245.467312,589.2998AID2517
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.48130.177814.390939.8107AID2147
acid sphingomyelinaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.118914.125424.061339.8107AID504937
ClpPBacillus subtilisPotency28.18381.995322.673039.8107AID651965
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.012610.691788.5700AID887
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.38720.031637.5844354.8130AID743255
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency52.84195.804836.130665.1308AID540253; AID540263
snurportin-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency52.84195.804836.130665.1308AID540253; AID540263
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.81070.425612.059128.1838AID504891
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.16195.804816.996225.9290AID540253
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency100.00006.309660.2008112.2020AID720707
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.89131.995325.532750.1187AID624287
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (24)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
angiogenesisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
associative learningRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
Rap protein signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of GTPase activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of angiogenesisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein export from nucleusRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assemblyRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of endothelial barrierRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMPRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulusGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
renal water homeostasisGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretionGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucagon stimulusGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (6)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
G protein activityGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase activator activityGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (8)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
cortical actin cytoskeletonRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
microvillusRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
endomembrane systemRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodiumRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
filopodiumRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGuanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (29)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).2014Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
AID678538Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi ATCC 7009312012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678541Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 259232012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678546Antibacterial activity against ampicillin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678542Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 512992012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678536Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter koseri ATCC 270282012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678540Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 278532012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678539Antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 324122012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678544Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 196152012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678548Ratio of ampicillin MIC to compound MIC for ampicillin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678543Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 93722012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678547Ratio of ampicillin MIC to compound MIC for ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678535Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 259222012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678537Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 77612012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
AID678545Antibacterial activity against ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18
Design, solvent free synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 1,4 dihydropyridines.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (16)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19903 (18.75)18.7374
1990's2 (12.50)18.2507
2000's3 (18.75)29.6817
2010's6 (37.50)24.3611
2020's2 (12.50)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 22.24

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index22.24 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.00 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.65 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index21.17 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (22.24)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other19 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.		1.9810amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		210aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		210ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.		1.9610
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.0710beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		2.0110erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine
Dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine: 1,4-Dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester.. 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine : A dihydropyridine that is 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by ethoxycarbonyl groups at positions 3 and 5.		3.3670dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester		hepatic steatosis inducing agent
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		2.3820alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
embramine
[no description available]		210diarylmethane
ruthenium
Ruthenium: A hard, brittle, grayish-white rare earth metal with an atomic symbol Ru, atomic number 44, and atomic weight 101.07. It is used as a catalyst and hardener for PLATINUM and PALLADIUM.		2.1110iron group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
alkenes
[no description available]		2.1110
pirlindole
pirlindole: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym pyrazidol refers to mono-HCl; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #2812		1.9810carbazoles
diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate
diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate: structure in first source		2.0710
dihydropyridines
Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.		1.9710
arachidonic acid
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.		210icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.0510
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		02.0510
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
[description not available]		02.110
Malaria, Falciparum
Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.		02.110
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		02.0110
Deficiency, Vitamin A
[description not available]		02.0110
Vitamin A Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN A in the diet, characterized by NIGHT BLINDNESS and other ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and later of the cornea (XEROPHTHALMIA). Vitamin A deficiency is a very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin A-rich foods. In the United States it is found among the urban poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1179)		02.0110
Ischemia
A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.		01.9610
Behavior Disorders
[description not available]		01.9810
Mental Disorders
Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.		01.9810
Poisoning
Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.		01.9810
Sclerosis
A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve.		01.9710
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.		01.9610