5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine profile

5-Chloro-2'-deoxycytidine (5-CdC) is a synthetic nucleoside analog that is a potent inhibitor of DNA polymerase. It is often used in research as an anticancer agent, and it is also being investigated for its potential use in the treatment of viral infections. The synthesis of 5-CdC involves the reaction of 2'-deoxycytidine with chlorine gas in the presence of a catalyst. 5-CdC exerts its anti-cancer activity by inhibiting DNA replication and repair. It does this by incorporating into DNA during replication and causing chain termination. The compound has been shown to have antiproliferative activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines. The compound is also effective against various viruses, including HIV, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus. 5-CdC is studied extensively because of its potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer and viral infections. Researchers are investigating its mechanism of action, its efficacy in clinical trials, and its potential toxicity. The compound is relatively non-toxic and has a good therapeutic index. '

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	100802
CHEMBL ID	4297275
SCHEMBL ID	1229783
MeSH ID	M0109538

Synonym
nsc-371331
cytochlor
cytidine, 5-chloro-2'-deoxy-
32387-56-7
5-chlorodeoxycytidine
4-amino-5-chloro-1-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one
5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine
unii-j14d49zn55
2'-deoxy-5-chlorocytidine
nsc 371331
j14d49zn55 ,
5-cldc
cldc
SCHEMBL1229783
DTXSID40186099
DB12383
Q27281010
4-amino-5-chloro-1-((2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1h)-one
CHEMBL4297275
4-amino-5-chloro-1-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-2-one

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" This paper describes our preclinical studies to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of CDC and the disposition of the drug, both alone and in the presence of the metabolic modulator tetrahydrouridine (THU), a cytidine deaminase inhibitor."	( Analytical and pharmacokinetic studies with 5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine. Bigelow, JC; Hale, JT; Mathews, LA; McCormack, JJ, 2002)	0.58

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	6 (35.29)	18.7374
1990's	4 (23.53)	18.2507
2000's	4 (23.53)	29.6817
2010's	3 (17.65)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	17 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
adenine [no description available]	2.02	1	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
phosphonoacetic acid Phosphonoacetic Acid: A simple organophosphorus compound that inhibits DNA polymerase, especially in viruses and is used as an antiviral agent.. phosphonoacetic acid : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorous is replaced by a carboxymethyl group.	2.66	3	monocarboxylic acid; phosphonic acids	antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
cytosine [no description available]	2.74	3	aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	1.97	1	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	1.96	1	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
idoxuridine [no description available]	2.38	2	organoiodine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	2.66	3	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	1.98	1	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
uridine [no description available]	7.66	3	uridines	drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	2.66	3	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	2.08	1	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
deoxycytidine [no description available]	4.19	17	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deoxyuridine [no description available]	2.36	2	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	2.17	1	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
5-benzylacyclouridine 5-benzylacyclouridine: structure given in first source. 5-benzyl-1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)uracil : A pyrimidone that is uracil which is substituted by a 2-hydroxyethoxymethyl group at position 1 and a benzyl group at position 5.	1.97	1	hydroxyether; primary alcohol; pyrimidone
ibacitabine ibacitabine: antiherpetic agent	1.96	1	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine [no description available]	2.36	2
3-chloro-L-tyrosine 3-chloro-L-tyrosine : A chloroamino acid comprising a tyrosine core with a chloro- substituent ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group.	2.08	1	chloroamino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-tyrosine derivative; monochlorobenzenes; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	biomarker; human metabolite
3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	2.08	1	2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
bromodeoxycytidine Bromodeoxycytidine: 5-Bromo-2'-deoxycytidine. Can be incorporated into DNA in the presence of DNA polymerase, replacing dCTP.	2.67	3
5-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine 5-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine: structure	2.38	2
5-chlorocytosine 5-chlorocytosine: structure in first source	2.47	2
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	2.44	2	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
tetrahydrouridine Tetrahydrouridine: An inhibitor of nucleotide metabolism.	8.48	8
deoxyguanosine [no description available]	2.47	2	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanine [no description available]	2.02	1	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose.	2.13	1	guanosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	fundamental metabolite

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.08	1
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available]	2.08	1
Infections, Helicobacter [description not available]	2.08	1
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.	2.08	1
Helicobacter Infections Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.	2.08	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.02	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.02	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.02	1
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	2.38	2
Cancer of Larynx [description not available]	1.96	1
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.38	2
Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.	1.96	1
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection [description not available]	1.96	1
Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)	1.96	1
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	1.98	1
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	2.39	2
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	1.98	1
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	2.39	2
Breast Cancer [description not available]	2	1
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	2	1
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	2.39	2
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2	1
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	2	1
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	2	1
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	2	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	2.39	2
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2	1
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	2	1
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	2.38	2
Cancer, Radiation-Induced [description not available]	1.98	1
Animal Mammary Carcinoma [description not available]	1.98	1
Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)	1.98	1
EHS Tumor [description not available]	1.97	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	1.97	1
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	1.97	1

5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine

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Synonyms (20)

Research Excerpts

Pharmacokinetics

Research

Studies (17)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 11.49

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