plutonium dioxide profile

plutonium dioxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Pu-O2 [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	101943067
MeSH ID	M0087873

Synonym
12059-95-9
plutonium dioxide
plutonium;dihydrate

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Finally, similarities in the dose-response relationships for the induction of nuclear aberrations by alpha emitters and in the induction of lung tumors by the same materials are noted."	( Effects of inhaled alpha-emitting actinides on mouse alveolar macrophages. Morgan, A; Talbot, RJ, 1992)	0.28
" Pneumonitis was not a feature and with the dosage of radiation employed endothelium escaped structural damage."	( Population and ultrastructural changes in murine alveolar cells following 239PuO2 inhalation. Heppleston, AG; Young, AE, 1985)	0.27
" The sequence of events is important in determining the shape of the dose-response curve."	( Lung tumor response to inhaled Pu and its implications for radiation protection. Mahaffey, JA; McDonald, KE; Sanders, CL, 1988)	0.27
" Assuming an approximately linear dose-response relationship between radiation dose and lung neoplasm incidence, approximate increases of 20% or 80% in tumor incidence over controls would be expected in rats exposed to 239PuO2 and LCS or 239PuO2 and HCS, respectively."	( Chronic cigarette smoke exposure increases the pulmonary retention and radiation dose of 239Pu inhaled as 239PuO2 by F344 rats. Barr, EB; Chen, BT; Finch, GL; Griffith, WC; Hobbs, CH; Hoover, MD; Lundgren, DL; Mauderly, JL; Nikula, KJ, 1998)	0.3
" In dogs given 239PuO2,the best model of lung fibrosis incorporated a linear dose response function; a linear-quadratic dose-response function fit the data better in dogs given 238PuO2."	( Lung fibrosis and lung cancer incidence in beagle dogs that inhaled 238PuO2 or 239PuO2. Wilson, D, 2009)	0.35
" In dogs given 239PuO2, the best model of lung fibrosis incorporated a linear dose-response function; a linear-quadratic dose-response function fit the data better in dogs given 238PuO2."	( Lung fibrosis and lung cancer incidence in beagle dogs that inhaled 238PuO2 or 239PuO2. Diel, JH; Hoel, DG; Wilson, DA, 2009)	0.35
" Years later, the purpose of the present follow-up study was to reassess the dose-response relationship for lung cancer in the PuO(2) dogs compared to controls-with particular focus on the dose-response at relatively low lung doses."	( Carcinogenesis from inhaled (239)PuO(2) in beagles: Evidence for radiation homeostasis at low doses? Fisher, DR; Weller, RE, 2010)	0.36

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	56 (44.44)	18.7374
1990's	29 (23.02)	18.2507
2000's	23 (18.25)	29.6817
2010's	17 (13.49)	24.3611
2020's	1 (0.79)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	2 (1.40%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (0.70%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	140 (97.90%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.	2.05	1	tricarboxylic acid	antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	2.4	2	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	1.96	1	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.	2.9	4	pentacarboxylic acid	copper chelator
hydroxyproline Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.	1.96	1	4-hydroxyproline; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	1.98	1	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.	1.98	1	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
potassium hydroxide potassium hydroxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF of K-OH	2.02	1	alkali metal hydroxide
ferrous sulfide ferrous sulfide: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Fe-S; mackinawite & troilite both have MF Fe-S	2.06	1
neptunium Neptunium: A radioactive element of the actinide metals family. It has the atomic symbol Np, and atomic number 93.	2.94	4	actinoid atom; f-block element atom
plutonium Plutonium: A naturally radioactive element of the actinide metals series. It has the atomic symbol Pu, and atomic number 94. Plutonium is used as a nuclear fuel, to produce radioisotopes for research, in radionuclide batteries for pacemakers, and as the agent of fission in nuclear weapons.	7.74	126	actinoid atom; f-block element atom
americium Americium: A completely man-made radioactive actinide with atomic symbol Am, and atomic number 95. Its valence can range from +3 to +6. Because of its nonmagnetic ground state, it is an excellent superconductor. It is also used in bone mineral analysis and as a radiation source for radiotherapy.	3.1	5	actinoid atom; f-block element atom
cerium Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications.	2.05	1	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
curium Curium: A radioactive actinide with atomic symbol Cm, and atomic number 96. Thirteen curium isotopes have been produced with mass numbers ranging from 238-250. Its valence can be +3 or +4. It is intensely radioactive and decays by alpha-emission.	1.95	1	actinoid atom; f-block element atom
uranium Uranium: A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors.	2.65	3	actinoid atom; f-block element atom; monoatomic uranium
zirconium Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr.	1.96	1	titanium group element atom
iodic acid iodic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.02	1	iodine oxoacid	astringent
dipivaloylmethane dipivaloylmethane: chelating agent for cadmium; structure	1.95	1
ceric oxide ceric oxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF CeO2. ceric oxide : A metal oxide with formula CeO2. It is used for polishing glass, in coatings for infra-red filters to prevent reflection, and as an oxidant and catalyst in organic synthesis.	2.05	1	cerium molecular entity; metal oxide
goethite [no description available]	2.44	2
cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.	1.97	1	cobalt group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
plutonium citrate plutonium citrate: RN given refers to 2:1 citric:Pu(4+) salt	2.05	1
plutonium nitrate plutonium nitrate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Pu-HNO3	2.4	2
americium nitrate americium nitrate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.38	2
puchel puchel: lipophilic derivative of DTPA	2.36	2
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.	1.97	1	carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom	neurotoxin
bismuth Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209.	1.97	1	metal atom; pnictogen
polonium Polonium: A radioactive element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has the atomic symbol Po, atomic number 84, and the atomic weight of the isotope with the longest half-life (209Po) is 208.98. It decays by alpha-emission.. polonium atom : A radioactive metallic element discovered in 1898 by Marie Sklodowska Curie and named after her home country, Poland (Latin Polonia).	1.97	1	chalcogen; metal atom
curium oxide curium oxide: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd with MF CmO2	1.95	1
americium oxide americium oxide: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	1.96	1	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
uranium octoxide [no description available]	2.42	2

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	2.08	1
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	2.08	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.42	2
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.42	2
Cirrhosis [description not available]	2.05	1
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	4.98	39
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	2.05	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	4.98	39
Fibrosis, Radiation [description not available]	2.72	3
Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available]	3.49	8
Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.	3.49	8
Radiation Pneumonitis Inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.	2.72	3
Cancer, Radiation-Induced [description not available]	5.89	39
Experimental Radiation Injuries [description not available]	3.68	10
Bone Cancer [description not available]	4.03	5
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.05	1
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	2.68	3
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.	4.03	5
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	2.68	3
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	2.05	1
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	2.05	1
Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available]	3.82	4
Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	3.82	4
Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body.	2.01	1
Injuries, Radiation [description not available]	2.36	2
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.93	4
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	2.4	2
Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	2.91	4
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	2.4	2
Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	2.91	4
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	2.4	2
Cocarcinogenesis The combination of two or more different factors in the production of cancer.	2.37	2
Metaplasia A condition in which there is a change of one adult cell type to another similar adult cell type.	2.38	2
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	2.38	2
Remission, Spontaneous A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.	1.96	1
Cicatrization The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries.	1.96	1
Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.	1.96	1
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	2.36	2
Centriacinar Emphysema [description not available]	2.37	2
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	3.23	6
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	3.08	5
Angiosarcoma [description not available]	2.37	2
EHS Tumor [description not available]	2.37	2
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	3.23	6
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	3.08	5
Hemangiosarcoma A rare malignant neoplasm characterized by rapidly proliferating, extensively infiltrating, anaplastic cells derived from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled or lumpy spaces. (Stedman, 25th ed)	2.37	2
Mesothelioma A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)	2.37	2
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	2.67	3
Lymphocytopenia [description not available]	1.98	1
Lymphopenia Reduction in the number of lymphocytes.	1.98	1
Carcinoma, Adenosquamous A mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell or epidermoid carcinoma.	2.68	3
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	2.38	2
Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)	2.66	3
Addison's Disease [description not available]	1.99	1
Blood Diseases [description not available]	1.99	1
Addison Disease An adrenal disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the ADRENAL CORTEX, resulting in insufficient production of ALDOSTERONE and HYDROCORTISONE. Clinical symptoms include ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; WEIGHT LOSS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; and HYPERPIGMENTATION of the SKIN due to increase in circulating levels of ACTH precursor hormone which stimulates MELANOCYTES.	1.99	1
Hematologic Diseases Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.	1.99	1
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	2.39	2
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	1.99	1
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	3.3	2
Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available]	1.98	1
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	1.98	1
Benign Meningeal Neoplasms [description not available]	1.98	1
Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available]	1.98	1
Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma [description not available]	1.98	1
Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)	1.98	1
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	1.98	1
Meningeal Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.	1.98	1
Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)	1.98	1
Oligodendroglioma A relatively slow-growing glioma that is derived from oligodendrocytes and tends to occur in the cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, or lateral ventricle. They may present at any age, but are most frequent in the third to fifth decades, with an earlier incidence peak in the first decade. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, relatively avascular, and tend to form cysts and microcalcifications. Neoplastic cells tend to have small round nuclei surrounded by unstained nuclei. The tumors may vary from well-differentiated to highly anaplastic forms. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2052; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p655)	1.98	1
Neoplasms, Pleural [description not available]	1.98	1
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.	1.98	1
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.	1.98	1
Bile Duct Cancer [description not available]	1.97	1
Cystadenoma A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. In some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even the entire mass, may be cystic. (Stedman, 25th ed)	1.97	1
Fibromatosis [description not available]	1.97	1
Mast-Cell Sarcoma A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone marrow.	1.97	1
Bile Duct Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.	1.97	1
Fibroma A benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue.	1.97	1
Bagassosis A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhaled dust from processing SUGARCANE (bagasse), usually in the manufacturing of wallboard.	1.97	1
Pneumoconiosis A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence. These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment, leading to the various forms (ASBESTOSIS; BYSSINOSIS; and others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects on the general population.	1.97	1

plutonium dioxide

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (3)

Research Excerpts

Dosage Studied

Research

Studies (126)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 39.06

Study Types

plutonium dioxide

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (3)

Research Excerpts

Dosage Studied

Research

Studies (126)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 39.06

Study Types

Related Drugs (32)

Related Conditions (81)