perfluoro-n-heptanoic acid profile

Perfluoro-n-heptanoic acid (PFHpA) is a long-chain perfluorinated carboxylic acid (PFCA) that has attracted attention due to its persistence in the environment and potential health effects. Its synthesis typically involves multi-step fluorination processes, often starting with n-heptanoic acid. PFHpA is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) found in various environmental compartments, including water, soil, and biota, often as a result of industrial processes, such as the production of fluoropolymers and fire-fighting foams. PFHpA has been linked to various biological effects, including endocrine disruption, liver toxicity, and immune system alterations in animal studies. Its persistence and potential for bioaccumulation in humans have led to regulatory actions regarding its use and release. Research on PFHpA focuses on understanding its fate and transport in the environment, its potential toxicity and health effects, and the development of effective remediation strategies.'

perfluoroheptanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated heptanoic acid. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	67818
CHEMBL ID	172763
CHEBI ID	35547
SCHEMBL ID	64484
MeSH ID	M0266767

Synonym
perfluoroheptanoic acid
perfluoro-n-heptanoic acid
375-85-9
tridecafluoroheptanoic acid
CHEBI:35547 ,
tridecafluoro-1-heptanoic acid
perfluoroheptanoic acid, 99%
perfluoroheptanoic acid high grade
ipc-pffa-7 hg
A5721
ipc-pffa-7
tridecafluoroheptanoic acid high grade
AKOS000274171
2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-tridecafluoroheptanoic acid
2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-tridecafluoro-heptanoic acid
CHEMBL172763
perfluoroenanthic acid
T1545
tridecafluoroenanthic acid
NCGC00248107-01
pfhpa
heptanoic acid, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-tridecafluoro-
4q4v9k363y ,
heptanoic acid, tridecafluoro-
unii-4q4v9k363y
hsdb 8293
einecs 206-798-9
NCGC00254530-01
dtxsid1037303 ,
cas-375-85-9
tox21_300616
dtxcid9017303
n-perfluoroheptanoic acid
FT-0632060
SCHEMBL64484
c6f13cooh
CS-B0909
W-106527
perfluoroheptanoicacid
BBL034243
STL417227
2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-tridecafluoroheptanoic acid #
c7hf13o2
mfcd00039604
VS-12462
Q27116513
perfluoroheptanoic acid 100 microg/ml in methanol/water
perfluoro-n-heptanoic acid 50 microg/ml in methanol/water
D82038
EN300-1704061
4ei ,
1ST9502

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Adverse PFHpA-treated systemic changes were observed in the kidney, liver and testes, and histopathologic lesions such as renal tubular necrosis, hepatocellular necrosis, and germ cell degeneration were seen at 250 and 1000 mg/kg."	( Subacute dermal toxicity of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids: comparison with different carbon-chain lengths in human skin equivalents and systemic effects of perfluoroheptanoic acid in Sprague Dawley rats. Han, JS; Jang, S; Kim, MJ; Kim, Y; Kim, YB; Lee, BS; Noh, JH; Son, HY, 2020)	0.56
" PFHpA was not acutely toxic to fish up to 50 µM and there was > 96% survival in all treatments."	( Developmental and mitochondrial toxicity assessment of perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) in zebrafish (Danio rerio). English, C; Huang, M; Ivantsova, E; Konig, I; Martyniuk, CJ; Patel, N; Souders, CL, 2023)	0.91

Role	Description
xenobiotic	A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means.
environmental contaminant	Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
fluoroalkanoic acid	Any organofluorine compound that is the perfluorinated derivative of any alkanoic acid.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Luciferase	Photinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)	Potency	89.3584	0.0072	15.7588	89.3584	AID1224835
acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	89.3584	0.0025	41.7960	15,848.9004	AID1347395
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.4603	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID1259243; AID743035; AID743063
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.3365	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159552
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.4733	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.2187	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743075
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	59.0024	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID743202; AID743219
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID111187	Percent plasma glucose concentration of drug treated mice (ob/ob) relative to vehicle control animals following 75 mg/kg administration.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 35, Issue:5	Perfluorocarbon-based antidiabetic agents.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	2 (7.69)	18.2507
2000's	6 (23.08)	29.6817
2010's	10 (38.46)	24.3611
2020's	8 (30.77)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	26 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
1-aminobenzotriazole [no description available]	2.21	1
ciglitazone ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist.	1.98	1	aromatic ether; thiazolidinone	antineoplastic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	2.21	1	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
trifluoroethanol Trifluoroethanol: A non-aqueous co-solvent that serves as tool to study protein folding. It is also used in various pharmaceutical, chemical and engineering applications.	2.03	1	fluoroalcohol
trifluoroacetic acid Trifluoroacetic Acid: A very strong halogenated derivative of acetic acid. It is used in acid catalyzed reactions, especially those where an ester is cleaved in peptide synthesis.. trifluoroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the trifluoro derivative of acetic acid.	2.21	1	fluoroalkanoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; reagent
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid: an endocrine disruptor. hexadecafluorononanoic acid : Any derivative of nonanoic acid carrying sixteen fluoro substituents.	2	1	hexadecafluorononanoic acid
melamine melamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. melamine : A trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton.	2.05	1	triamino-1,3,5-triazine	xenobiotic metabolite
perfluorooctanoic acid perfluorooctanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. perfluorooctanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated octanoic acid.	3.44	7	fluoroalkanoic acid	carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; surfactant; xenobiotic
perfluorodecanoic acid perfluorodecanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated decanoic acid.	3.45	7	fluoroalkanoic acid	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
perflexane perfluorohexane : A fluoroalkane that is hexane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.	2.69	2	fluoroalkane; fluorocarbon; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; radioopaque medium
perfluorobutyric acid perfluorobutyric acid: ion pairing reagent; RN given refers to parent cpd. perfluorobutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is perfluorinated butyric acid.	2.75	3	fluoroalkanoic acid	chromatographic reagent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
margaric acid margaric acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. heptadecanoic acid : A C17 saturated fatty acid and trace component of fats in ruminants.	2.03	1	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; mammalian metabolite
stavudine Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	2.03	1	dihydrofuran; nucleoside analogue; organic molecular entity	antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	2.44	2	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
perfluoropropionic acid perfluoropropionic acid: ion pairing reagent; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.21	1
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	2.21	1	1,2,3-triazole
perfluorohexanoic acid perfluorohexanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is perfluorinated hexanoic acid.	3.3	5	fluoroalkanoic acid	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
perfluorobutane sulfonate perfluorobutanesulfonic acid: a surfactant; structure in first source. perfluorobutanesulfonic acid : A perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid that is butane-1-sulfonic acid in which all of the hydrogens of the butyl group have been replaced by fluorines.	2.6	1	perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid	surfactant
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid perfluorononanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is nonanoic acid in which all of the hydrogens in the alkyl chain are replaced by fluorines.	2.92	4	fluoroalkanoic acid	persistent organic pollutant; surfactant; xenobiotic
perfluorooctanesulfonamide perfluorooctanesulfonamide : A perfluorinated compound that is perfluorooctane in which one of the terminal fluorines has been replace by a sulfamoyl group.	2.21	1	perfluorinated compound; sulfonamide	persistent organic pollutant
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid : A perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid that is octane-1-sulfonic acid in which all seventeen of the hydrogens that are attached to carbons hvae been replaced by fluorines.	2.9	3	perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid	antilipemic drug; persistent organic pollutant
perfluoropentanoic acid perfluoropentanoic acid: an ion-pairing agent. perfluoropentanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is perfluorinated pentanoic acid.	2.76	3	fluoroalkanoic acid	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
perfluoroundecanoic acid perfluoroundecanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated undecanoic acid.	2.44	2	fluoroalkanoic acid	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfluramid sulfluramid: delayed-action insecticide against the cockroach Dyctyoptera; Blattelidae germanica. sulfluramid : A sulfonamide obtained by the formal condensation of perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid with ethylamine.	1.98	1	sulfonamide	acaricide; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.	3.44	7	fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+) : A A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+) that is the dilauroyl diester of phosphatidiylcholine.	2.03	1	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)
palmitoyl coenzyme a Palmitoyl Coenzyme A: A fatty acid coenzyme derivative which plays a key role in fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis.. palmitoyl-CoA : A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the thiol group of coenzyme A.	2.01	1	11,12-saturated fatty acyl-CoA; 3-substituted propionyl-CoA; long-chain fatty acyl-CoA; palmitoyl bioconjugate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	2.03	1	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	2.03	1	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
didanosine Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.	2.03	1	purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.	2.25	1	guanosines	biomarker

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	1.98	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	4.21	9
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	3.21	4
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	2.78	3
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available]	2.69	2
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	2.31	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.17	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.17	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational [description not available]	2.21	1
Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.	2.21	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.03	1

perfluoro-n-heptanoic acid

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (52)

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (7)

Potency Measurements

Bioassays (1)

Research

Studies (26)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 11.71

Study Types