| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule |
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine | cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite |
taurine
[no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid;
zwitterion | antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient;
radical scavenger;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
1,2-dioctanoylglycerol
1,2-dioctanoylglycerol: functions as bioregulator of protein kinase C in human platelets | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
benzethonium
Benzethonium: Bactericidal cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant used as a topical anti-infective agent. It is an ingredient in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, etc., and is used to disinfect apparatus, etc., in the food processing and pharmaceutical industries, in surgery, and also as a preservative. The compound is toxic orally as a result of neuromuscular blockade. | 2 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
hexamethonium
Hexamethonium: A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes including hypertension but, like the other ganglionic blockers, it has been replaced by more specific drugs for most purposes, although it is widely used a research tool. | 2 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium salt | |
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | nitrobenzoic acid | |
octopamine
Octopamine: An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates.. octopamine : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. A biogenic phenylethanolamine which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates. | 2 | 1 | 0 | phenylethanolamines;
tyramines | neurotransmitter |
corticosterone
[no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
bromodeoxyuridine
Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent |
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid
Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid: A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of GLUTAMINE or GLUTATHIONE metabolism.. 5-oxo-L-proline : An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 5-oxoproline;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | algal metabolite |
framycetin
Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside | allergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite |
cesium chloride
cesium chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. caesium chloride : The inorganic chloride salt of caesium; each caesium ion is coordinated by eight chlorine ions. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | inorganic caesium salt;
inorganic chloride | phase-transfer catalyst;
vasoconstrictor agent |
vasotocin
Vasotocin: A nonapeptide that contains the ring of OXYTOCIN and the side chain of ARG-VASOPRESSIN with the latter determining the specific recognition of hormone receptors. Vasotocin is the non-mammalian vasopressin-like hormone or antidiuretic hormone regulating water and salt metabolism.. vasotocin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is homologous to oxytocin and vasopressin. It is a pituitary hormone that acts as an endocrine regulator for water balance, osmotic homoeostasis and is involved in social and sexual behavior in non-mammalian vertebrates. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | | |
methacycline
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diglyceride | |
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine | anxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic |
phenylalanyl-leucyl-arginyl phenylalaninamide
phenylalanyl-leucyl-arginyl phenylalaninamide: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 11/90; involved in transmitter release | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | | |
alanyl-prolyl-glycyl-tryptophanamide
alanyl-prolyl-glycyl-tryptophanamide: molluscan neuropeptide related to the N-terminal tetrapeptide of the crustacean hormone, RPCH | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | | |
myomodulin
myomodulin: found in motor neuron B16 of Aplysia; amino acid sequence given in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-glutaminyl-prolyl-glutaminyl-arginyl-phenylalaninamide
phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-glutaminyl-prolyl-glutaminyl-arginyl-phenylalaninamide: endogenous opioid antagonist octapeptide from bovine brain | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | | |
small cardioactive peptide b
small cardioactive peptide B: neuropeptide from Aplysia | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
salmfamide 2
SALMFamide 2: from radial nerve cords of the starfish Asterias rubens & Asterias forbesi; also from brittle star, Amphipholis squamata | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
locustatachykinin ii protein, locusta migratoria
locustatachykinin II protein, Locusta migratoria: amino acid sequence given in first source; from extracts of brain complexes of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria; exhibits sequence homologies with the vertebrate tachykinins | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
allatostatin 1
allatostatin 1: inhibits juvenile hormone synthesis; from reproductively active females | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | | |
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol | antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist |
cesium
Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
salmfamide 1
SALMFamide 1: from radial nerve cords of the starfishes Asterias rubens & Asteria forbesi; also from brittle star, Amphipholis squmata | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
leucokinin i
leucokinin I: an eight amino acid neuropeptide found in the nervous system of the bowfly; aa sequence given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
fmrfamide
FMRFamide: A molluscan neuroactive peptide which induces a fast excitatory depolarizing response due to direct activation of amiloride-sensitive SODIUM CHANNELS. (From Nature 1995; 378(6558): 730-3) | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | | |
buccalin
buccalin: colocalized with the small cardioactive peptides to neuron B15; bioactive at the ARC neuromuscular junction | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
schistoflrfamide
SchistoFLRFamide: from the thoracic nervous system of the locust Schistocerca gregaria | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
pituitrin
Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
neuropeptide f
neuropeptide F: amino acid sequence given in first source; MW 4433 Da; from tubellarian Artioposthia triangulata | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
perisulfakinin
perisulfakinin: has sequence similarity to gastrin and cholecystokinin; isolated from American cockroach; amino acid seq. given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
orcokinin
orcokinin: amino acid sequence given in first source; a myotropic peptide isolated from the crayfish Orconectes limosus | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | | |
neuropeptide y
Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | | |
bam 22p
[no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | | |
corazonin protein, insect
corazonin protein, insect: cardioactive peptide; isolated from a variety of insects | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
RF9
[no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | kisspeptin receptor agonist;
neuropeptide FF receptor agonist;
neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist |
kiss1 protein, human
Kisspeptins: Intercellular signaling peptides that were originally characterized by their ability to suppress NEOPLASM METASTASIS. Kisspeptins have since been found to play an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of REPRODUCTION. | 3.87 | 3 | 0 | | |
allatotropin
allatotropin: from cerebral or corpora cardiaca of locusts & moths | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |