Page last updated: 2024-11-13

pf-04859989

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

PF-04859989: a potent, brain-penetrant inhibitor of kynurenine aminotransferase II/KAT II with in vivo activity; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID22868923
CHEMBL ID2047851
SCHEMBL ID2132616
MeSH IDM0588026

Synonyms (18)

Synonym
AKOS006281463
SCHEMBL2132616
bdbm50386292
pf-04859989
CHEMBL2047851 ,
(3s)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-2-one
gtpl9038
compound 1 [pmid: 23466229]
(3s)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2-one
NCGC00485082-01
34783-48-7
(s)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1h)-one
Z1198729370
Q27088318
(3s)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1h)-one
HYTRYTZFJVVZAF-ZETCQYMHSA-N
EN300-126538
pf 04859989

Research Excerpts

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019
)
0.51
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (4)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.26300.26300.26300.2630AID669476
Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)10.02009.04009.04009.0400AID669478; AID727186
Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.02300.02301.41534.2000AID669475; AID727191
Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.01410.01400.01410.0142AID727190; AID738357
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (10)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
biosynthetic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to bacteriumKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
kynurenine metabolic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-kynurenine catabolic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
2-oxoglutarate metabolic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid metabolic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
biosynthetic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
kynurenine metabolic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
L-kynurenine catabolic processKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
2-oxoglutarate metabolic processKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
glutamate metabolic processKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
biosynthetic processKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA via saccharopineKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
kynurenine metabolic processKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
L-kynurenine metabolic processKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-amino acid metabolic processKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (11)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
protein bindingKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
kynurenine-oxoglutarate transaminase activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate bindingKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
glutamine-phenylpyruvate transaminase activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-S-conjugate beta-lyase activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
kynurenine-oxoglutarate transaminase activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate bindingKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
kynurenine-glyoxylate transaminase activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-S-conjugate beta-lyase activityKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
kynurenine-oxoglutarate transaminase activityKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate bindingKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
kynurenine-glyoxylate transaminase activityKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
2-aminoadipate transaminase activityKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
glycine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activityKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
methionine-glyoxylate transaminase activityKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (4)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
cytosolKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionKynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixKynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (37)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347159Primary screen GU Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347160Primary screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID669480Selectivity ratio of IC50 for rat recombinant KAT2 to IC50 for human recombinant KAT22012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID727189Inhibition of human KAT1 using L-kynurenine as substrate measured after 16 hrs by SpectraMax plate reader analysis2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID669468Drug level in Sprague-Dawley rat cerebrospinal fluid at 10 mg/kg, sc after 0.25 hrs2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669477Inhibition of human KAT12012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669470Free plasma concentration in Sprague-Dawley rat at 10 mg/kg, sc after 0.25 hrs2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669483Ratio of free drug level in cerebrospinal fluid to brain in Sprague-Dawley rat at 10 mg/kg, sc after 0.25 hrs2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID727185fAUC in Sprague-Dawley rat brain at 10 mg/kg, sc by equilibrium dialysis method2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID727182Ratio of Kinact to Ki for rat KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate by SpectraMax plate reader analysis2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID738356Inhibition of human KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate measured every 5 mins for 16 hours by UV-visible spectra analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 23, Issue:7
PF-04859989 as a template for structure-based drug design: identification of new pyrazole series of irreversible KAT II inhibitors with improved lipophilic efficiency.
AID669482Ratio of free drug level in plasma to brain in Sprague-Dawley rat at 10 mg/kg, sc after 0.25 hrs2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID727191Inhibition of human KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate measured after 15-20 hrs by SpectraMax plate reader analysis2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID727183Unbound fraction in Sprague-Dawley rat brain at 10 mg/kg, sc by equilibrium dialysis method2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID727179Binding affinity to C-terminal hexa histidine tagged full length human KAT2 K240S/F241G mutant harboring C-terminal thrombin cleavage site at 1 mM after 2 hrs by X-ray crystallography in presence of 2 mM PLP2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID669471Fraction unbound in rat brain at 1 uM by equilibrium dialysis method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669481Lipophilicity, log D of the compound2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669476Inhibition of rat recombinant KAT2 assessed as conversion of L-kynurenine into kynurenic acid after 15 to 20 hrs2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID727186Inhibition of human KAT3 using L-kynurenine as substrate measured after 24 hrs by SpectraMax plate reader analysis2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID669472Fraction unbound in rat plasma at 1 uM by equilibrium dialysis method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669539Reduction of kynurenine level in freely moving Sprague-Dawley rat dialysates from prefrontal cortex at 10 mg/kg, sc after 20 hrs by microdialysis analysis2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID727188Ratio of Kinact to Ki for human KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate by SpectraMax plate reader analysis2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID669478Inhibition of human KAT32012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669474Ratio of Kinact to Ki for human recombinant KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID738357Inhibition of human KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate after 15 to 20 hrs by UV-visible spectra analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 23, Issue:7
PF-04859989 as a template for structure-based drug design: identification of new pyrazole series of irreversible KAT II inhibitors with improved lipophilic efficiency.
AID738355Ratio of Kinact to Ki for inhibition of human KAT22013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 23, Issue:7
PF-04859989 as a template for structure-based drug design: identification of new pyrazole series of irreversible KAT II inhibitors with improved lipophilic efficiency.
AID727190Irreversible inhibition of human KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate measured every 5 mins over 16 hrs by SpectraMax plate reader analysis2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID727180Decrease in extracellular KYNA level in Sprague-Dawley rat prefrontal cortex at 10 mg/kg, sc measured for 4 hrs by microdialysis method2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID669479Inhibition of human KAT42012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669469Free brain concentration in Sprague-Dawley rat at 10 mg/kg, sc after 0.25 hrs2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID727187AUC in Sprague-Dawley rat brain at 10 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1
Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions.
AID669475Inhibition of human recombinant KAT2 assessed as conversion of L-kynurenine into kynurenic acid after 15 to 20 hrs2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669473Ratio of Kinact to Ki for rat recombinant KAT2 using L-kynurenine as substrate2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
AID669484Reduction of kynurenine level in freely moving Sprague-Dawley rat dialysates from prefrontal cortex at 10 mg/kg, sc after 1 hr by microdialysis analysis relative to control2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 3, Issue:3
Discovery of Brain-Penetrant, Irreversible Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Inhibitors for Schizophrenia.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (13)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's0 (0.00)29.6817
2010's8 (61.54)24.3611
2020's5 (38.46)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 22.48

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index22.48 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.64 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.54 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index21.17 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (22.48)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other13 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]