xyloketal b

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth

Description

xyloketal B: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

xyloketal B : A xyloketal with formula C20H26O5. It was initially isolated from the mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. from the South China sea coast. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	21776387
CHEMBL ID	1170622
MeSH ID	M0504576

Synonyms (3)

Synonym
(+/-)-xyloketal b
CHEMBL1170622
xyloketal b

Research Excerpts

Bioavailability

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The oxidative endothelial dysfunction and decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability are critical for the development of atherosclerotic lesion."	( Xyloketal B attenuates atherosclerotic plaque formation and endothelial dysfunction in apolipoprotein e deficient mice. Cao, L; Huang, YY; Li, J; Li, M; Li, Q; Lin, YC; Liu, J; Pang, JY; Sun, FY; Sun, HS; Tan, HM; Wang, GL; Xie, Y; Yuan, F; Zhang, B; Zhang, Q; Zhao, LY, 2015)	0.42

Dosage Studied

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Mice were dosed with xyloketal B (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/d) and atorvastatin (15 mg/kg/d) via intraperitoneal injection once daily for 40 days after being fed a high fat diet plus 10% high fructose liquid (HFD+HFL) for 8 weeks."	( Xyloketal B Attenuates Fatty Acid-Induced Lipid Accumulation via the SREBP-1c Pathway in NAFLD Models. Bei, Y; Huang, Y; Meng, T; Pang, J; Su, Z; Xiang, Q; Yang, H; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Y; Zuo, L, 2017)	0.46

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (6)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID492791	Vasorelaxant activity in Sprague-Dawley rat endothelium intact thoracic aortic rings assessed as inhibition of KPSS-induced contraction	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-24, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Design and synthesis of novel xyloketal derivatives and their vasorelaxing activities in rat thoracic aorta and angiogenic activities in zebrafish angiogenesis screen.
AID492798	Antiangiogenic activity in zebrafish embryo after 72 hrs by microscopical analysis	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-24, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Design and synthesis of novel xyloketal derivatives and their vasorelaxing activities in rat thoracic aorta and angiogenic activities in zebrafish angiogenesis screen.
AID492797	Antiangiogenic activity in zebrafish embryo at 100 uM after 72 hrs by microscopical analysis	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-24, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Design and synthesis of novel xyloketal derivatives and their vasorelaxing activities in rat thoracic aorta and angiogenic activities in zebrafish angiogenesis screen.
AID492792	Vasorelaxant activity in Sprague-Dawley rat endothelium denuded thoracic aortic rings assessed as inhibition of KCL-induced contraction	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-24, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Design and synthesis of novel xyloketal derivatives and their vasorelaxing activities in rat thoracic aorta and angiogenic activities in zebrafish angiogenesis screen.
AID492793	Protection against oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein-induced cell injury in HUVEC assessed as cell viability at 20 uM pretreated for 30 mins before oxLDL challenge measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-24, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Design and synthesis of novel xyloketal derivatives and their vasorelaxing activities in rat thoracic aorta and angiogenic activities in zebrafish angiogenesis screen.
AID492796	Cytotoxicity against HUVEC assessed as cell viability > 200 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-24, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Design and synthesis of novel xyloketal derivatives and their vasorelaxing activities in rat thoracic aorta and angiogenic activities in zebrafish angiogenesis screen.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (23)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	3 (13.04)	29.6817
2010's	17 (73.91)	24.3611
2020's	3 (13.04)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	1 (4.35%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	22 (95.65%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	2.08	1	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
dapi DAPI: RN given refers to parent cpd.	2.05	1	indoles	fluorochrome
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	2.05	1
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	2.1	1	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	2.05	1	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.05	1	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).	2.05	1	nitrogen oxoacid
quinone methide quinone methide: intermediate in eumelanin biosynthesis; structure given in first source. quinomethane : A methylidenecyclohexadienone, formally derived from a benzoquinone by replacement of one of the quinone oxygens by a methylidene group.	2.6	1	quinomethane
3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	2.05	1	2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	2.15	1	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
mtt formazan MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes	2.05	1
formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.	2.05	1
xyloketal a xyloketal A: from mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. from the south China sea coast; structure in first source. xyloketal A : A xyloketal with formula C27H36O6. It was initially isolated from the mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. from the South China sea coast.	2.76	3	organic heteroheptacyclic compound; xyloketal	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
aspergiolide a aspergiolide A: an anti-tumor compound produced by marine-derived fungus Aspergillus glaucus; structure in first source	2.08	1
cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.	2.11	1
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	2.15	1

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available]	2.63	2
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	3.23	5
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	2.41	1
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	2.41	1
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.	2.63	2
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	3.51	2
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	8.51	2
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available]	2.15	1
Apoplexy [description not available]	2.49	2
Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available]	2.15	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.15	1
Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).	7.15	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.15	1
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.	2.15	1
Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)	7.49	2
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	2.17	1
Encephalopathy, Traumatic [description not available]	2.21	1
Brain Injuries, Traumatic A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.	2.21	1
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	2.08	1
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	2.08	1
Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain [description not available]	2.1	1
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions.	2.1	1
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	2.11	1
Atheroma [description not available]	2.11	1
Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Error [description not available]	2.11	1
Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease [description not available]	2.13	1
Huntington Disease A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control; DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS; and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)	2.13	1
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available]	2.05	1
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	2.46	2
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	2.05	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.07	1

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