n-desmethylzopiclone

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	162892
SCHEMBL ID	11485705
MeSH ID	M0150836

Synonyms (16)

Synonym
6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-7-((1-piperazinyl)carbonyloxy)-6,7-dihydro(5h)pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-one
n-desmethyl-zopiclone
n-desmethylzopiclone
59878-63-6
FT-0666252
[6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-oxo-7h-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-7-yl] piperazine-1-carboxylate
1-piperazinecarboxylic acid, 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-oxo-5h-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl ester
6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl piperazine-1-carboxylate
6-(5-chloropyrid-2-yl)-7-oxo-5-(piperazin-1-yl)carbonyloxy-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine
SCHEMBL11485705
AKOS025395703
norzopiclone
CS-7301
HY-U00199
n-desmethyl zopiclone
DTXSID10866775

Research Excerpts

Pharmacokinetics

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"001), Cmax values of 87."	( Pharmacokinetics of zopiclone and its enantiomers in Caucasian young healthy volunteers. Farinotti, R; Fernandez, C; Gimenez, F; Maradeix, V; Thuillier, A, )	0.13

Dosage Studied

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" The potentiation was related to a leftward shift in the GABA dose-response curves, suggesting the drug acts to increase GABA binding affinity."	( Molecular actions of (S)-desmethylzopiclone (SEP-174559), an anxiolytic metabolite of zopiclone. Fleck, MW, 2002)	0.31
" No significant difference in concentrations was found between the two dosing groups for either zopiclone or N-desmethylzopiclone."	( Distribution of zopiclone and main metabolites in hair following a single dose. Hansen, SL; Johansen, SS; Kronstrand, R; Nielsen, MKK; Nilsson, G, 2020)	0.77

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (14)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	1 (7.14)	18.7374
1990's	5 (35.71)	18.2507
2000's	6 (42.86)	29.6817
2010's	1 (7.14)	24.3611
2020's	1 (7.14)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 12.00

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	12.00 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	2.94 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	4.94 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (12.00)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	2 (12.50%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (6.25%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	13 (81.25%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	2	1	0	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
caffeine [no description available]	2.01	1	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	2.41	2	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
flumazenil Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.	2.01	1	0	ethyl ester; imidazobenzodiazepine; organofluorine compound	antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning; GABA antagonist
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	2.01	1	0	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
zopiclone zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.	5.9	13	2	monochloropyridine; pyrrolopyrazine	central nervous system depressant; sedative
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	2.04	1	0	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.	3.37	1	1	fluorescein isothiocyanate
2-amino-5-chloropyridine [no description available]	7.11	1	0
zopiclone n-oxide [no description available]	4.3	4	1

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.	2.01	1	0
Methemoglobinemia The presence of methemoglobin in the blood, resulting in cyanosis. A small amount of methemoglobin is present in the blood normally, but injury or toxic agents convert a larger proportion of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, which does not function reversibly as an oxygen carrier. Methemoglobinemia may be due to a defect in the enzyme NADH methemoglobin reductase (an autosomal recessive trait) or to an abnormality in hemoglobin M (an autosomal dominant trait). (Dorland, 27th ed)	2.04	1	0
Drug Overdose Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.	2.04	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	4.08	3	1
Emergencies Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.	1.98	1	0
Absence Seizure [description not available]	2	1	0
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2	1	0
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	2	1	0
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	1.97	1	0

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