18-oxocortisol profile

## 18-oxocortisol: An Important Biomarker in Research

18-oxocortisol is a **steroid hormone** that is a **metabolite of cortisol**. It is produced in the body by the enzyme **11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2)**.

Here's why it is important for research:

**1. Diagnostic tool for specific conditions:**

* **Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH):** 18-oxocortisol levels are **elevated** in individuals with certain types of CAH, specifically **11β-hydroxylase deficiency**. This is because the enzyme responsible for cortisol production is deficient, causing a build-up of precursors, including 18-oxocortisol.
* **Cushing's syndrome:** While not as specific as in CAH, 18-oxocortisol levels can be **elevated** in some cases of Cushing's syndrome, a condition characterized by excess cortisol production. However, other tests like 24-hour urinary free cortisol are more commonly used for diagnosis.
* **Monitoring treatment:** 18-oxocortisol levels can be used to **monitor the effectiveness of treatment** for conditions like CAH.

**2. Understanding cortisol metabolism and its impact on health:**

* **11β-HSD2 activity:** Measuring 18-oxocortisol can help researchers understand the activity of **11β-HSD2**, which is crucial for maintaining cortisol levels and regulating its effects on different tissues.
* **Cortisol regulation:** 18-oxocortisol is also implicated in the **regulation of cortisol levels** in the body, which can have implications for various physiological processes, including stress response, blood sugar control, and inflammation.

**3. Research into other areas:**

* **Anti-inflammatory effects:** Some studies suggest that 18-oxocortisol might have **anti-inflammatory effects**, potentially due to its ability to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
* **Cardiovascular health:** There is also research exploring the link between 18-oxocortisol and **cardiovascular health**. Some studies suggest that elevated 18-oxocortisol levels might be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

**In summary, 18-oxocortisol is a crucial biomarker in research, providing insights into cortisol metabolism, diagnosis of specific conditions, and potentially contributing to the understanding of its role in various physiological processes and health outcomes.**

**It's important to note that further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of 18-oxocortisol in human health.**

18-oxocortisol: biosynthesized by aldosterone-producing adrenal tissue; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

18-oxocortisol : A steroid aldehyde that is cortisol carrying a formyl group at position 18. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	44263344
CHEBI ID	89213
SCHEMBL ID	144491
MeSH ID	M0114932

Synonym
18-oxocortisol
LMST02030194
SCHEMBL144491
CHEBI:89213
Q27161399

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The hypertensogenic effect of 18-oxocortisol, an aldosterone analogue possessing both mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid properties, was studied at the same dosage but under different experimental conditions in two experiments."	( Hypertensive potency of 18-oxocortisol in the rat. Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Hall, CE, 1986)	0.27

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	16 (30.19)	18.7374
1990's	15 (28.30)	18.2507
2000's	7 (13.21)	29.6817
2010's	10 (18.87)	24.3611
2020's	5 (9.43)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	2 (3.57%)	5.53%
Reviews	6 (10.71%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (1.79%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	47 (83.93%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
dithionite Dithionite: Dithionite. The dithionous acid ion and its salts.	1.98	1	0	sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion
corticosterone [no description available]	2.37	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
aldosterone [no description available]	7.3	32	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
tetrahydrocortisol [no description available]	2.4	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
tetrahydrocortisone [no description available]	2.4	2	0	21-hydroxy steroid
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	2.37	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.	1.98	1	0	azane; hydrazines	EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
18-hydroxycorticosterone [no description available]	10.11	5	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
fludrocortisone Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.	1.97	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
metaperiodate Periodic Acid: A strong oxidizing agent.	1.97	1	0	iodine oxoacid
allotetrahydrocortisol allotetrahydrocortisol: RN given refers to (3alpha,5alpha,11beta)-isomer	2.03	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
aldosterone 18-glucuronide [no description available]	1.97	1	0	steroid glucosiduronic acid
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	1.98	1	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	2.89	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
cortisone [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
cortodoxone Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.	2.46	2	0	deoxycortisol; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
nadp [no description available]	1.98	1	0
19-nordeoxycorticosterone 19-nordeoxycorticosterone: isolated from urine of castrated rats with regenerating adrenals	1.97	1	0
6 beta-hydroxycortisol 6 beta-hydroxycortisol: RN given refers to the (6beta,11beta)-isomer; see also record for 6 alpha-hydrocortisol. 6beta-hydroxycortisol : A C21-steroid that is cortisol bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6beta-position. In humans, it is produced as a metabolite of cortisol by cytochrome p450-3A4 (CYP3A4, an important enzyme involved in the metabolism of a variety of exogenous and endogenous compounds) and can be used to detect moderate and potent CYP3A4 inhibition in vivo.	9.32	3	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; 6beta-hydroxy steroid; C21-steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mammalian metabolite; probe
cosyntropin Cosyntropin: A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of CORTICOSTEROIDS in the ADRENAL CORTEX.. cosyntropin : A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin). A segment similar in all species, it contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex. It is used diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency.	3.7	1	1
18-hydroxycortisol 18-hydroxycortisol: from urine of patients with primary aldosteronism. 18-hydroxycortisol : A 18-hydroxy steroid that is cortisol carrying a hydroxy group at position 18. Its urinary excretion is increased in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma.	9.62	30	1

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	4.64	10	0
Aldosteronism [description not available]	9.2	30	1
Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	4.64	10	0
Hyperaldosteronism A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA.	9.2	30	1
Adenoma, Adrenal Cortical [description not available]	2.89	3	0
Adrenal Cortex Cancer [description not available]	2.94	4	0
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.	2.94	4	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	5.54	10	0
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	5.54	10	0
Adrenal Cancer [description not available]	4.19	6	0
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Inappropriate Secretion [description not available]	2.94	1	0
Cushing's Syndrome [description not available]	8.6	3	0
Ectopic ACTH Syndrome [description not available]	2.94	1	0
Adrenal Gland Hyperfunction [description not available]	2.94	1	0
Adrenal Cortex Diseases Pathological processes of the ADRENAL CORTEX.	3.35	2	0
ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic Symptom complex due to ACTH production by non-pituitary neoplasms.	2.94	1	0
Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Excess production of ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES such as ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or ANDROSTENEDIONE. Hyperadrenal syndromes include CUSHING SYNDROME; HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and VIRILISM.	2.94	1	0
Cushing Syndrome A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.	3.6	3	0
Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secreted. This leads to hypersecretion of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) by the ADRENAL GLANDS resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME.	2.94	1	0
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	3.31	2	0
Complications, Pregnancy [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	2.01	1	0
Symptom Cluster [description not available]	2.89	1	0
Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex.	2.89	1	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	1.96	1	0

18-oxocortisol

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (5)

Research Excerpts

Dosage Studied

Research

Studies (53)

Study Types