Compounds > phenylglucuronide
Page last updated: 2024-11-07

phenylglucuronide

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Phenylglucuronide is a glucuronide conjugate of phenol. It is formed in the liver by the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and is a major route of detoxification for phenol. Phenylglucuronide is excreted in urine and feces. It is studied because it is an important biomarker for exposure to phenol. Phenylglucuronide is also used as a substrate for the study of UGT activity.'

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID119239
CHEBI ID177778
SCHEMBL ID3224345
MeSH IDM0084480

Synonyms (10)

Synonym
16063-67-5
CHEBI:177778
phenyl d-glucopyranosiduronic acid
(2s,3s,4s,5r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-phenoxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
phenylglucuronide
d-glucopyranosiduronic acid, phenyl
SCHEMBL3224345
phenyl glucopyranosiduronic acid
DTXSID60936351
phenyl hexopyranosiduronic acid

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Saturation of benzene metabolism could limit the production of toxic species."( Hematotoxicity and concentration-dependent conjugation of phenol in mice following inhalation exposure to benzene.
Nerland, DE; Wells, MS, 1991)		0.28

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Of the total phenol in the aquarium water of goldfish exposed previously to phenol for 48 h, 41% was found to be phenylglucuronide when fish were placed in a phenol-free medium and were dosed hourly for 8 h with D-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone to inhibit beta-glucuronidase activity in the intestine."( Hydrolysis of the biliary glucuronic acid conjugate of phenol by the intestinal mucus/flora of goldfish (Carassius auratus).
Knights, B; Layiwola, PJ; Linnecar, DF, 1983)		0.48
" The immersion dosing method employed for the experiment is discussed with relation to the natural habitat of the fish."( The biotransformation of [14C]phenol in some freshwater fish.
Layiwola, PJ; Linnecar, DF, 1981)		0.26
" Dividing the dose-response curve data obtained with in vitro PBK-based reverse dosimetry, with the CSAF provided a dose-response curve that reflects the consequences of the interindividual variability in phenol kinetics for the developmental toxicity of phenol."( Development of a Combined In Vitro Physiologically Based Kinetic (PBK) and Monte Carlo Modelling Approach to Predict Interindividual Human Variation in Phenol-Induced Developmental Toxicity.
Punt, A; Rietjens, IMCM; Spenkelink, B; Strikwold, M; Woutersen, RA, 2017)		0.46
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
glycosideA glycosyl compound resulting from the attachment of a glycosyl group to a non-acyl group RO-, RS-, RSe-, etc. The bond between the glycosyl group and the non-acyl group is called a glycosidic bond. By extension, the terms N-glycosides and C-glycosides are used as class names for glycosylamines and for compounds having a glycosyl group attached to a hydrocarbyl group respectively. These terms are misnomers and should not be used. The preferred terms are glycosylamines and C-glycosyl compounds, respectively.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (18)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199011 (61.11)18.7374
1990's4 (22.22)18.2507
2000's1 (5.56)29.6817
2010's2 (11.11)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 11.13

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index11.13 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.00 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.12 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (11.13)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other19 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
benzene
[no description available]		3.0450aromatic annulene;
benzenes;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
non-polar solvent
catechol
[no description available]		2.3920catecholsallelochemical;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
hydroquinone
[no description available]		2.0110benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
phenol
[no description available]		3.75110phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sulfuric acid
sulfuric acid : A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom.		1.9310sulfur oxoacidcatalyst
menthol
Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.		1.9710p-menthane monoterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		volatile oil component
resorcinol
resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.		1.9610benzenediol;
phenolic donor;
resorcinols		erythropoietin inhibitor;
sensitiser
penicillanic acid
Penicillanic Acid: A building block of penicillin, devoid of significant antibacterial activity. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). penicillanic acid : A penam that consists of 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane bearing a carboxy group at position 2 and having (2S,5R)-configuration.		1.9510penicillanic acids
carbenicillin
Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.		1.9510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
carfecillin
Carfecillin: The phenyl ester of CARBENICILLIN that, upon oral administration, is broken down in the intestinal mucosa to the active antibacterial. It is used for urinary tract infections.		1.9510penicillin
phenylsulfate
phenylsulfate: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenyl hydrogen sulfate : An aryl sulfate that is phenol bearing an O-sulfo substituent.		3.3570aryl sulfatehuman xenobiotic metabolite
tricaine
tricaine: request from searcher; RN given refers to parent cpd. tricaine : A benzoate ester that is the ethyl ester of 3-aminobenzoic acid. Used (in the form of its methanesulfonate salt) as an anaesthetic for fish.. tricaine methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained by reaction of tricaine with one molar equivalent of methanesulfonic acid. Used as an anaesthetic for fish.		2.0110methanesulfonate saltgeneral anaesthetic
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		2.05102-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
menthol glucuronide
menthol glucuronide: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha, 2beta, 5alpha)-isomer		1.9710
penicilloate
penicilloic acid: metabolites of penicillins obtained by alkaline cleavage; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF; structure. penicilloic acid : A thiazolidinedicarboxylic acid obtained via hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring of a penicillin.		1.9510
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Pancytopenia
Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.		01.9710
Diseases, Occupational
[description not available]		01.9610