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tabtoxinine beta-lactam

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Tabtoxinine-β-lactam (TβL) is a phytotoxin produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. It inhibits glutamine synthetase, a key enzyme in nitrogen metabolism in plants. This inhibition leads to the accumulation of ammonia, which disrupts plant growth and development. TβL is responsible for the symptoms of wildfire disease in tobacco and halo blight in beans. TβL is a cyclic depsipeptide, meaning it contains both peptide and ester bonds. It is synthesized in a multi-step process that involves the condensation of a non-proteinogenic amino acid, tabtoxinine, with a beta-lactam ring. TβL is a potent toxin, and it is studied for its potential to be used as a herbicide. However, its toxicity to plants makes it unsuitable for use in conventional agriculture. Instead, TβL is primarily studied as a model compound for understanding the role of glutamine synthetase in plant metabolism. It is also studied for its potential to be used as a biocontrol agent for weeds.'

tabtoxinine beta-lactam: toxin from Pseudomonas syringae; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID115314
CHEMBL ID3780336
CHEBI ID156430
MeSH IDM0146235

Synonyms (17)

Synonym
tabtoxinine beta-lactam
(s)-2-amino-4-((s)-3-hydroxy-2-oxoazetidin-3-yl)butanoic acid
CHEBI:156430
65709-93-5
2uue5d9555 ,
C20918
CHEMBL3780336
(-)-tabtoxinine beta-lactam
DTXSID80984253
Q662925
(2s)-2-amino-4-[(3s)-3-hydroxy-2-oxoazetidin-3-yl]butanoic acid
3-azetidinebutanoic acid, .alpha.-amino-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-, (s-(r*,r*))-
3-azetidinebutanoic acid, .alpha.-amino-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-, (.alpha.s,3s)-
tabtoxinine .beta.-lactam
(.alpha.s,3s)-.alpha.-amino-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-azetidinebutanoic acid
(-)-tabtoxinine .beta.-lactam
3-azetidinebutanoic acid .alpha.-amino-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-, (.alpha.s,3s)-
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (3)

RoleDescription
EC 6.3.1.2 (glutamate--ammonia ligase) inhibitorAn EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of glutamate--ammonia ligase (EC 6.3.1.2).
bacterial metaboliteAny prokaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in bacteria.
apoptosis inducerAny substance that induces the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in multi-celled organisms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (4)

ClassDescription
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acidAny L-alpha-amino acid which is not a member of the group of 23 proteinogenic amino acids.
monobactamMonocyclic, bacterially produced or semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotic. It lacks the double ring construction of the traditional beta-lactam antibiotics and can be easily synthesized.
beta-lactam antibioticAn organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic that contains a beta-lactam ring.
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketoneAn alpha-hydroxy ketone in which the carbonyl group and the hydroxy group are linked by a carbon bearing two organyl groups.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (12)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19904 (33.33)18.7374
1990's2 (16.67)18.2507
2000's1 (8.33)29.6817
2010's5 (41.67)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 12.56

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index12.56 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.56 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.12 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (12.56)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other12 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]