Direct Blue 15, also known as CI Direct Blue 15, is a blue azo dye. It is a water-soluble dye used in a wide range of applications, including textile dyeing, paper dyeing, and leather dyeing. It is a common dye for cotton, wool, and silk, and it is also used in the production of inks and pigments. Direct Blue 15 is synthesized by a multi-step process that involves the coupling of diazotized aromatic amines with naphthol compounds. The dye is generally considered safe for use in textile dyeing, but it can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. It is important to study Direct Blue 15 because it is widely used in various industrial applications, and it is necessary to understand its environmental impact and potential health effects.'
direct blue 15: RN given refers to tetra-Na salt [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
Pontamine sky blue 5B : An organic sodium salt resulting from the formal condensation of Pontamine sky blue 5B (acid form) with four equivalents of sodium hydroxide. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 17059 |
| CHEBI ID | 82305 |
| MeSH ID | M0108862 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| nsc-47757 |
| 2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)]bis[5-amino-4-hydroxy-, tetrasodium salt |
| tetrasodium 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethoxybiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)di(e)diazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate) |
| fenamin sky blue |
| hispamin sky blue 3b |
| atul direct sky blue |
| chloramine sky blue 4b |
| direct sky blue a |
| sky blue 4b |
| benzo sky blue a-cf |
| belamine sky blue a |
| mitsui direct sky blue 5b |
| tertrodirect blue f |
| c.i. 24400 |
| diamine sky blue ci |
| niagara blue 4b |
| cresotine pure blue |
| benzo sky blue s |
| direct pure blue m |
| kayaku direct sky blue 5b |
| atlantic sky blue a |
| pontamine sky blue 5bx |
| nitto direct sky blue 5b |
| diaphtamine pure blue |
| chrome leather pure blue |
| direct sky blue 5b |
| shikiso direct sky blue 5b |
| diphenyl sky blue 6b |
| pontacyl sky blue 4bx |
| vondacel blue hh |
| azine sky blue 5b |
| naphtamine blue 10g |
| cartasol blue 2gf |
| aizen direct sky blue 5bh |
| enianil pure blue an |
| chloramine sky blue a |
| nippon direct sky blue |
| direct sky blue |
| direct blue 10g |
| pontamine sky blue 5 bx |
| benzanil sky blue |
| kayaku direct skh blue 5b |
| diamine sky blue |
| c.i. direct blue 15, tetrasodium salt |
| direct pure blue |
| diazol pure blue 4b |
| diacotton sky blue 5b |
| diphenyl brilliant blue |
| nsc-9616 |
| phenamine sky blue a |
| direct blue hh |
| cartalsol blue 2gf |
| sky blue 5b |
| airedale blue d |
| niagara sky blue |
| 2429-74-5 |
| direct blue 15 |
| 5-amino-3-[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-3,6-disulfo-2-naphthyl)azo]-3-methoxy-phenyl]-2-methoxy-phenyl]azo-4-hydroxy-naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid |
| amanil sky blue |
| ccris 2419 |
| hsdb 4227 |
| einecs 219-385-3 |
| ci direct blue 15 |
| tetrasodium 3,3'-((3,3'-dimethoxy(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo))bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonate) |
| nsc 47757 |
| nsc 9616 |
| modr prima 15 [czech] |
| 2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3'-((3,3'-dimethoxy-4,4'-biphenylylene)bis(azo))bis(5-amino-4-hydroxy-, tetrasodium salt |
| aizen direct sky blue 5b |
| nitsui direct sky blue 5b |
| kayafect blue y |
| nippon sky blue |
| diamine blue 6b |
| direct pure blue n |
| 2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3'-((3,3'-dimethoxy(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo))bis(5-amino-4-hydroxy-, tetrasodium salt |
| oxamine sky blue 5b |
| nci c61290 |
| paper blue s |
| direct blue 15, suitable for histopaque(r) system, suitable for viability studies of collagenase-treated rat liver cells |
| AKOS000282876 |
| 5c44c6888v , |
| 2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3'-((3,3'-dimethoxy(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl)bis(2,1-diazenediyl))bis(5-amino-4-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:4) |
| modr prima 15 |
| unii-5c44c6888v |
| ci direct blue 15 [iarc] |
| dye direct blue 15, tetrasodium salt |
| c.i. direct blue 15 [hsdb] |
| chicago blue 4b |
| CHEBI:82305 |
| pontamine sky blue 5b |
| tetrasodium 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(diazene-2,1-diyl)]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate) |
| mfcd00036441 |
| DTXSID7020186 |
| direct sky blue, technical grade |
| tetrasodium 5-amino-3-[(1e)-2-{4'-[(1e)-2-(8-amino-1-hydroxy-3,6-disulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazen-1-yl]-3,3'-dimethoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}diazen-1-yl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate |
| sodium 3,3'-(1e,1'e)-(3,3'-dimethoxybiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)bis(diazene-2,1-diyl)bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate) |
| Q27094452 |
| tetrasodium;5-amino-3-[[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-3,6-disulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]diazenyl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Therefore, our study was aimed at evaluating the toxic effect of the azo dye Direct blue 15 (DB15) on a battery of bioassays using a primary producer (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), a primary consumer (Ceriodaphnia dubia), and a secondary consumer (Danio rerio)." | ( Exposure to the azo dye Direct blue 15 produces toxic effects on microalgae, cladocerans, and zebrafish embryos. Hernández-Zamora, M; Martínez-Jerónimo, F, 2019) | 1.05 |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Feces were assayed for 14C content and for unchanged dosed dyes or amines by HPLC." | ( Metabolism and distribution of two 14C-benzidine-congener-based dyes in rats as determined by GC, HPLC, and radioassays. Billedeau, SM; Bowman, MC; Nony, CR; Oller, WL; Rowland, KL, ) | 0.13 |
| " Generally, the brain tumor responses were considered equivocal, because the characteristics of potential neurocarcinogenic agents (such as statistically significant increased incidences, decreased latency and/or survival, and demonstration of dose-response relationships) were not observed." | ( Examination of low-incidence brain tumor responses in F344 rats following chemical exposures in National Toxicology Program carcinogenicity studies. Boorman, GA; Hailey, JR; Haseman, JK; Melnick, RL; Neal, J; Sills, RC, ) | 0.13 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 3 (15.79) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3 (15.79) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (15.79) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 7 (36.84) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (15.79) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (30.29) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 2 (9.09%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 20 (90.91%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||