Page last updated: 2024-10-24
glutathione peroxidase activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O. [EC:1.11.1.9, PMID:36771108]
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity is a critical enzymatic function that protects cells from oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). These enzymes catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and organic hydroperoxides to water and corresponding alcohols, respectively. The reaction utilizes glutathione (GSH) as a reducing substrate, which is oxidized to glutathione disulfide (GSSG) in the process. The catalytic cycle begins with the binding of H2O2 or an organic hydroperoxide to the enzyme's active site. This binding event triggers the formation of a selenolate anion on the active site selenocysteine residue. The selenolate anion then reacts with the peroxide substrate, reducing it to water or alcohol and oxidizing the selenocysteine residue to a selenenic acid. The selenenic acid is then reduced back to the selenolate anion by glutathione, completing the catalytic cycle. GPx enzymes play a vital role in protecting cells from oxidative stress and maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. They are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including cellular signaling, immune function, and aging. Deficiencies in GPx activity can lead to increased oxidative damage and a number of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.'
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Proteins (9)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein | An arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P20292] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Leukotriene C4 synthase | A leukotriene C4 synthase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q16873] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase | A phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase GPX4 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P36969] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 | A glutathione S-transferase mu 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P28161] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 | A microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P10620] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione S-transferase P | A glutathione S-transferase P that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P09211] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione S-transferase A1 | A glutathione S-transferase A1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P08263] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione peroxidase 1 | A glutathione peroxidase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P07203] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Prostaglandin E synthase | A prostaglandin E synthase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O14684] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (61)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| acetaminophen | Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| acetazolamide | Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337) | monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles | anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor |
| celecoxib | organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug | |
| embelin | embelin : A member of the class of dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by an undecyl group at position 3. Isolated from Lysimachia punctata and Embelia ribes, it exhibits antimicrobial, antineoplastic and inhibitory activity towards hepatitis C protease. embelin: from Embelia fruit (Myrsinaceae) | dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| ethacrynic acid | etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor. Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic. | aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic |
| indomethacin | indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic; xenobiotic metabolite |
| n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide | N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2. | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide | antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor |
| zonisamide | zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position. Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization. | 1,2-benzoxazoles; sulfonamide | anticonvulsant; antioxidant; central nervous system drug; protective agent; T-type calcium channel blocker |
| d-alpha tocopherol | (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen. Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS. | alpha-tocopherol | algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite |
| cefoperazone | cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance. Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections. | cephalosporin | antibacterial drug |
| zileuton | 1-benzothiophenes; ureas | anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug | |
| mk 0591 | MK 0591: structure given in first source; MK 0591 was previously L-686,708; inhibits leukotriene biosynthesis by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase activating protein | ||
| epigallocatechin gallate | (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis) | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| salvin | salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae) | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; catechols; monocarboxylic acid | angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; food preservative; HIV protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| atranorin | atranorin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source | carbonyl compound | |
| hexylglutathione | S-hexylglutathione : An S-substituted glutathione that is glutathione in which the hydrogen of the thiol has been replaced by a hexyl group (PDB entry: 1PN9). | S-substituted glutathione | |
| 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate | acetate ester | fluorochrome | |
| ml-3000 | |||
| malagashanine | malagashanine: from Strychnos sp.; structure given in first source | ||
| acrovestone | acrovestone : A polyphenol that is isolated from Acronychia pedunculata and exhibits moderate antioxidant and antityrosinase activities. acrovestone: isolated from the stem bark of Acronychia pedunculata; RN given from CAS Index Guide (1982-1986) | acetophenones; aromatic ether; olefinic compound; polyphenol | antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| boswellic acid | boswellic acid: ursane type; RN given refers to (3alpha,4beta)-isomer; active principle of salai guggal; see also record for salai guggal | triterpenoid | |
| perlatolinic acid | perlatolinic acid: C25-H32-O7; structure in first source | carbonyl compound | |
| hyperforin | hyperforin : A cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum. hyperforin: a prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative; antibiotic component of novoimanine; psychoactive agent in St. John's wort; Russian; structure; | ||
| carnosol | carnosol: isolated from Lepechinia hastata | diterpenoid | |
| olivetoric acid | olivetoric acid: isolated from Pseudevernia furfuracea; structure in first source | carbonyl compound | |
| curcumin | curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes. | aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger |
| sulindac | sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects. | monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide | analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent |
| 2-chloro-N-heptyl-N-(3-methylphenyl)acetamide | anilide | ||
| N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-chloro-N-[(2-prop-2-enoxyphenyl)methyl]acetamide | benzodioxoles | ||
| thiambutosine | thiambutosine: thiourea antileprotic agent used in patients who cannot tolerate sulfones; minor descriptor (77-85); on-line & Index Medicus PHENYLTHIOUREA/AA (77-85) | ||
| 1-(2-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1h-benzimidazole | 1-(2-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1H-benzimidazole: targets 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein to inhibit leukotriene biosynthesis; structure in first source | ||
| l 663536 | 3-[3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a isopropyl group at position 5, a tert-butylsulfanediyl group at position 3, a 4-chlorobenzyl group at position 1 and a 2-carboxy-2-methylpropyl group at position 2. It acts as an inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. MK-886: orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor | aryl sulfide; indoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist |
| ML162 | ML162 : A monochlorobenzene that is benzene substituted by (chloroacetyl){2-oxo-2-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl}amino, chloro and methoxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a covalent inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) that induces ferroptosis in cells. | monochlorobenzenes; monomethoxybenzene; organochlorine compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary carboxamide; thiophenes | EC 1.11.1.9 (glutathione peroxidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer |
| montelukast | montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist | aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines | anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist |
| psoralidin | psoralidin : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 9 and a prenyl group at position 2 respectively. | coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol | estrogen receptor agonist; plant metabolite |
| ellagic acid | catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol | antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent | |
| topiramate | topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine. Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss. | cyclic ketal; ketohexose derivative; sulfamate ester | anticonvulsant; sodium channel blocker |
| guttiferone e | guttiferone E: isolated from the fruits of Garcinia pyrifera collected in Malaysia; structure in first source | ||
| cefuroxime | 3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin; furans; oxime O-ether | drug allergen | |
| ceftriaxone | 1,2,4-triazines; 1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether | antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor | |
| 2-tert-butyl-9-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-7h-benz(h)imidazo(4,5-f)isoquinoline-7-one | 2-tert-butyl-9-fluoro-1,6-dihydrobenzo[h]imidazo[4,5-f]isoquinolin-7-one : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 1,6-dihydrobenzo[h]imidazo[4,5-f]isoquinolin-7-one bearing additional tert-butyl and fluoro substituents at positions 2 and 9 respectively. 2-tert-butyl-9-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-7H-benz(h)imidazo(4,5-f)isoquinoline-7-one: a janus-activated kinase inhibitor | organic heterotetracyclic compound; organofluorine compound | EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor |
| eupomatenoid 6 | eupomatenoid 6: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source rataniaphenol II : A member of the class of benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at position 2, a methyl group at position 3 and a prop-1-en-1-yl group at position 5. It is a lignan derivative isolated from the roots of Krameria lappacea. | benzofurans; phenols | anti-inflammatory agent; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| 2-[[5,6-bis(2-furanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl]thio]-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone | aromatic ketone | ||
| bwa 4c | |||
| 2-crotonyloxymethyl-2-cyclohexenone | 2-crotonyloxymethyl-2-cyclohexenone: structure given in first source | ||
| ceftizoxime | cephalosporin | antibacterial drug | |
| 6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio)hexanol | 6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio)hexanol: a specific glutathione S-transferase inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| 11-keto-boswellic acid | |||
| conocarpan | conocarpan: RN given for (2R-(2alpha,3beta,5(E))-isomer; from the roots of Krameria tomentosa (Krameriaceae); structure in first source | ||
| acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid | acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid: a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor; structure given in first source | triterpenoid | |
| 3-o-acetyl-beta-boswellic acid | 3-O-acetyl-beta-boswellic acid: isolated from Boswellia serrata; structure in first source | ||
| roburic acid | roburic acid : A tetracyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H40O2 that is isolated from the roots of Gentiana dahurica and Gentiana macrophylla. | monocarboxylic acid; olefinic compound; tetracyclic triterpenoid | plant metabolite |
| mf63 compound | MF63 compound: a phenanthrene imidazole identified as a potent, selective, and orally active mPGES-1 inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| beta-Elemonic acid | beta-elemonic acid: extracted from Boswellia carterii | triterpenoid | |
| ys 121 | 2-(4-chloro-6-(2,3-dimethylphenylamino)pyrimidin-2-ylthio)octanoic acid: inhibits microsomal prostaglanding E2 synthase; structure in first source | medium-chain fatty acid | |
| p-Glu-Arg-Pro-Arg-Leu-Ser-His-Lys-Gly-Pro-Met-Pro-Phe | p-Glu-Arg-Pro-Arg-Leu-Ser-His-Lys-Gly-Pro-Met-Pro-Phe : A thirteen-membered polypeptide consisting of p-Glu, Arg, Pro, Arg, Leu, Ser, His, Lys, Gly, Pro, Met, Pro and Phe residues joined in sequence. | polypeptide | apoptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| myrtucommulone a | myrtucommulone A: from the leaves of myrtle, Myrtus communis (Myrtaceae); structure in first source | aromatic ketone | |
| ML-210 | ML-210 : An N-acylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by 5-methyl-4-nitro-1,2-oxazole-3-carbonyl and bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor which induces ferroptosis in cancer cells expressing the RAS oncogene. | C-nitro compound; diarylmethane; isoxazoles; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylpiperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; tertiary carboxamide | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.11.1.9 (glutathione peroxidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; prodrug |
| arzanol | arzanol: a prenylated alpha-pyrone-phloroglucinol etherodimer from Helichrysum italicum subsp.microphyllum; has antioxidant and cytotoxic activity; structure in first source | ||
| pf 9184 | |||
| flavellagic acid | flavellagic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure |