Page last updated: 2024-10-24

lysophospholipase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a fatty acid + H+ + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine. [EC:3.1.1.5]

Lysophospholipase activity is a crucial enzymatic function that involves the hydrolysis of lysophospholipids, which are phospholipids containing a single fatty acyl chain. This activity is vital for various cellular processes, including lipid metabolism, signal transduction, and membrane remodeling. The enzyme, lysophospholipase, cleaves the ester bond connecting the fatty acid to the glycerol backbone of lysophospholipids, resulting in the release of a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid with a shorter chain. This hydrolysis reaction plays a significant role in the regulation of membrane fluidity, cell growth, inflammation, and apoptosis. Lysophospholipases exhibit substrate specificity, with different enzymes targeting specific lysophospholipid subclasses. For instance, some lysophospholipases are specific for lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), while others prefer lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE). The specific substrate preference determines the enzyme's biological function and its involvement in specific cellular pathways. The activity of lysophospholipases is tightly regulated by various factors, including pH, temperature, and the presence of specific inhibitors. Dysregulation of lysophospholipase activity is associated with various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, and inflammatory disorders. Therefore, understanding the molecular function of lysophospholipase activity is essential for developing therapeutic strategies targeting these diseases.'
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Proteins (13)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 A cytosolic phospholipase A2 that is encoded in the genome of cow. [OMA:A4IFJ5, PRO:DNx]Bos taurus (cattle)
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gammaA cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UP65]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gammaA cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UP65]Homo sapiens (human)
Monoglyceride lipaseA monoglyceride lipase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q99685]Homo sapiens (human)
Lysophosphatidylserine lipase ABHD12A lysophosphatidylserine lipase ABHD12 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q8N2K0]Homo sapiens (human)
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2An ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q13822]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic phospholipase A2A cytosolic phospholipase A2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P47712]Homo sapiens (human)
Hepatic triacylglycerol lipaseA hepatic triacylglycerol lipase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P11150]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 betaA cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P0C869]Homo sapiens (human)
Phosphatidylserine lipase ABHD16AA phosphatidylserine lipase ABHD16A that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O95870]Homo sapiens (human)
Acyl-protein thioesterase 2An acyl-protein thioesterase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O95372]Homo sapiens (human)
Acyl-protein thioesterase 1An acyl-protein thioesterase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O75608]Homo sapiens (human)
85/88 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2An 85/88 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O60733]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (59)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
benzo(b)thiophene-2-boronic acidbenzo(b)thiophene-2-boronic acid: inhibits AmpC beta-lactamase; structure in first source
disulfiramorganic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide
angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
indomethacinindometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.

Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.
aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole
analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic;
xenobiotic metabolite
ethylmaleimideEthylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.maleimidesanticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
1,6-bis(cyclohexyloximinocarbonyl)hexane1,6-bis(cyclohexyloximinocarbonyl)hexane: selective inhibitor of canine platelet diglyceride lipasecarbamate ester;
organonitrogen compound
thiramthiram : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. It is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.

Thiram: A dithiocarbamate chemical, used commercially in the rubber processing industry and as a fungicide. In vivo studies indicate that it inactivates the enzyme GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE. It has mutagenic activity and may induce chromosomal aberrations.
organic disulfideantibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
ici 204,219zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonistcarbamate ester;
indoles;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide
anti-asthmatic agent;
leukotriene antagonist
bis(1-piperidylthiocarbonyl)disulfidebis(1-piperidylthiocarbonyl)disulfide: indicator for analysis of copper; structure
tetramethylthiuram monosulfide
4,4'-dithiodimorpholine4,4'-dithiodimorpholine: rubber vulcanizing agent causing occupational dermatitis; structure
evans blueEvans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.

Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.
organic sodium saltfluorochrome;
histological dye;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
congo redCongo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0.

Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.
bis(azo) compound
methyl diethyldithiocarbamate
diphenyl disulfidebenzenes
n-phenylmaleimideN-phenylmaleimide: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7104
dronabinolDelta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.

Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.
benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide
cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
1,6-bismaleimidohexane
diacereindiacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;anthraquinone
phenylethane boronic acid
benzeneboronic acidboronic acids
n-methylmaleimideN-methylmaleimide: structure in first source
n-benzylmaleimide
n,n'-4-phenylenedimaleimide
3-aminobenzeneboronic acid
n-(2-methoxyphenyl)maleimideN-(2-methoxyphenyl)maleimide: structure given in first source
n-(4-bromophenyl)maleimideN-(4-bromophenyl)maleimide: structure given in first source
dioctanoylphosphatidic aciddioctanoylphosphatidic acid: structure given in first source1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate;
octanoate ester
3-octylthio-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propanone3-octylthio-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propanone: a pesticide synergist; inhibits juvenile hormone esterase
1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl-boronic acid
varespladibaromatic ether;
benzenes;
dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
indoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
primary carboxamide
anti-inflammatory drug;
antidote;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor
4-methoxyphenylboronic acid4-methoxyphenylboronic acid: structure in first source
arachidonic acidarachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.

icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
orlistatorlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.

Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.
beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative
anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
arachidonyltrifluoromethaneAACOCF3 : A fatty acid derivative that is arachidonic acid in which the OH part of the carboxy group has been replaced by a trifluoromethyl group

arachidonyltrifluoromethane: structure given in first source; inhibits 85-kDa phospholipase A2
fatty acid derivative;
ketone;
olefinic compound;
organofluorine compound
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor
amentoflavonebiflavonoid;
hydroxyflavone;
ring assembly
angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
[2-(1-piperidinyl)-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl]-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]methanonepiperazines;
pyridines
lysophosphatidic acid1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate : A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having oleoyl as the 1-O-acyl group.

lysophosphatidic acid : A member of the class of lysophosphatidic acids obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid. A 'closed' class.

lysophosphatidic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd
1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
ubistatin aubistatin A: inhibits cyclin B proteolysis and degradation of ubiquitinated Sic1; structure in first source
ochnaflavoneochnaflavone : A biflavonoid with an ether linkage between the B-rings of the apigenin and luteolin subunits. It has been isolated from several members of the Ochnaceae plant family.

ochnaflavone: from Lonicera japonica; structure given in first source
aromatic ether;
biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavone
anti-inflammatory agent;
antiatherogenic agent;
antibacterial agent;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
plant metabolite
guineensineguineensine: an Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor, from the fruits of Piper longum; structure in first sourcbenzodioxoles
ursodoxicoltaurinetauroursodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of tauroursodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.

tauroursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursoodeoxycholic acid.
bile acid taurine conjugateanti-inflammatory agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
efipladibefipladib: structure in first source
cay 10499carbamate ester
methyl arachidonylfluorophosphonatephosphonic ester
urb602URB602: inhibitor of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)-deactivating enzyme, monoacylglycerol lipase, structure in first source
pyrrophenonepyrrophenone: structure in first source
ly2183240LY2183240: structure in first sourcebiphenyls
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3-(6-pyrrolidin-1-ylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)urea1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3-(6-pyrrolidin-1-ylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)urea: structure in first source
omdm 169OMDM 169: has antinociceptive activity; structure in first source
am 6701
jzl 184JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first sourcebenzodioxoles
pf 8380
palmostatin bpalmostatin B: inhibits acyl protein thioesterase 1; structure in first source
jzl195JZL195: inhibits both ​fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 and ​monoglyceride lipase; structure in first source
sar127303SAR127303: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source
ono-8430506ONO-8430506: an autotaxin inhibitor; structure in first source
palmostatin mpalmostatin M: inhibits acyl protein thioesterases 1 and 2; structure in first source
mjn110MJN110: structure in first source
xen445