Compounds > isophytol
Page last updated: 2024-11-05

isophytol

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Isophytol is a branched diterpene alcohol, a precursor to chlorophyll. It is a colorless viscous liquid found in several plants, including hops and algae. Isophytol is synthesized through the mevalonate pathway, starting with the condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. The study of isophytol is important for understanding chlorophyll biosynthesis and its role in photosynthesis. Isophytol has shown potential as a renewable fuel source and as a starting material for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, including vitamins and steroids. Research on isophytol focuses on its potential applications in biofuel production, pharmaceutical development, and its role in plant metabolism.'

isophytol: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID10453
CHEMBL ID453797
SCHEMBL ID21429
MeSH IDM0547068

Synonyms (57)

Synonym
AC-19997
isophytol
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-1-hexadecen-3-ol
1-hexadecen-3-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-
nsc93744
nsc-93744
1-hexadecen-3-ol,7,11,15-tetramethyl- (van8c
505-32-8
1-hexadecyl-3-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl
1-hexadecene-3-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl
NCGC00090800-01
nsc 93744
2,6,10-trimethyl-14-vinylpentadecan-14-ol
einecs 208-008-8
hsdb 5673
2,6,10,14-tetramethylhexadec-15-en-14-ol
ai3-25090
isophytol, >95%
3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-1-en-3-ol
NCGC00090800-02
isophytol, >=97.0%
MLS002415735
smr001370903
CHEMBL453797
1-phyten-3-ol
I0145
STK675859
AKOS005593873
NCGC00090800-03
HMS3039F03
dtxsid2025474 ,
cas-505-32-8
tox21_200139
dtxcid005474
NCGC00257693-01
unii-a831zi6vim
1-hexadecen-3-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl- (van)
a831zi6vim ,
ec 208-008-8
FT-0632244
SCHEMBL21429
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-3-hydroxy-1-hexadecene
hexadec-1-en-3-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-1-hexadecen-3-ol #
W-105953
mfcd00048380
SR-01000526357-1
sr-01000526357
isophytol [hsdb]
isophytol [mi]
Q26841319
D91087
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-1-hexadecene-3-ol
BS-42420
CS-0185936
PD013914
HY-W127745
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (29)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency74.97800.047349.480674.9780AID651758
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.012610.691788.5700AID887
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.95260.031637.5844354.8130AID504865
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.71670.000714.592883.7951AID1259369
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency36.31010.000221.22318,912.5098AID1259243; AID1259247; AID588516
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.61590.000417.946075.1148AID1346784
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.18590.000817.505159.3239AID1159527; AID1159531
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.21280.005428.02631,258.9301AID1346982
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.43280.006026.168889.1251AID540317
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency54.20580.000323.4451159.6830AID743065
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency89.12510.031622.3146100.0000AID588579
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.81070.031610.279239.8107AID884; AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency66.82420.026622.448266.8242AID651802
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency39.81071.000012.224831.6228AID885
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (13)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glucose metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of steroid metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to sterolNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of circadian rhythmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fat cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
adipose tissue developmentNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
T-helper 17 cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (10)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
oxysterol bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
ligand-activated transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (5)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (17)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID378747Antifouling activity against cypris larvae at 0.01 ug/cm'21999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
Halogenated monoterpenes from plocamium costatum and their biological activity1
AID378745Antifouling activity against cypris larvae at 1 ug/cm'21999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
Halogenated monoterpenes from plocamium costatum and their biological activity1
AID378744Antifouling activity against cypris larvae at 10 ug/cm'21999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
Halogenated monoterpenes from plocamium costatum and their biological activity1
AID378746Antifouling activity against cypris larvae at 0.1 ug/cm'21999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
Halogenated monoterpenes from plocamium costatum and their biological activity1
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (11)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (18.18)18.7374
1990's1 (9.09)18.2507
2000's1 (9.09)29.6817
2010's6 (54.55)24.3611
2020's1 (9.09)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 37.82

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index37.82 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.48 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.87 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index47.86 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (37.82)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews2 (18.18%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other9 (81.82%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
n-pentanol
n-pentanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. pentan-1-ol : A short-chain primary fatty alcohol that is pentane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It has been isolated from Melicope ptelefolia.		2.0810pentanol;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
prenol
[no description available]		2.0810alkenyl alcohol;
prenols
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		2.3420alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
tocopherols
[no description available]		2.3420
phytol
[no description available]		4.6950
squalene
Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate		6.9410triterpenehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.0510
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		02.0510
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		01.9310
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		01.9310
Deficiency, Vitamin E
[description not available]		01.9410