alpha-carboline

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Alpha-carbolines are a class of heterocyclic compounds containing a fused indole and pyridine ring system. They are found naturally in various plants and are known for their diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective effects. The synthesis of alpha-carbolines often involves the condensation of an indole derivative with a pyridine derivative. Research on alpha-carbolines is driven by their potential therapeutic applications, particularly in areas like neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and inflammatory disorders. Studies explore their mechanisms of action, focusing on their interactions with various enzymes, receptors, and signaling pathways. The potential for alpha-carbolines as drug candidates is being investigated, although further research is needed to understand their safety and efficacy.'

alpha-carboline: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	67486
CHEMBL ID	259556
CHEBI ID	182292
SCHEMBL ID	9145
MeSH ID	M0156404

Synonyms (49)

Synonym
STL301814
CHEBI:182292
9h-pyrido[2,3-b]indole
DIVK1C_006713
inchi=1/c11h8n2/c1-2-6-10-8(4-1)9-5-3-7-12-11(9)13-10/h1-7h,(h,12,13
alpha-carboline
nsc67064
244-76-8
nsc-67064
1h-pyrido[2,3-b]indole
KBIO1_001657
SPECPLUS_000617
CHEMBL259556
FT-0664263
1h-pyrido(2,3-b)indole
nsc 67064
einecs 205-960-6
unii-274z75i9bq
274z75i9bq ,
AKOS015918052
9h-1,9-diazafluorene
\|a-carboline
SCHEMBL9145
3-carboline
9h-pyrido[2,3-b]indole #
n-.alpha.-carboline
.alpha.-carboline
1-azacarbazole
9h-pyrido(2,3-b)indole
1,9-diazafluorene
P2310
DTXSID40179148
9h-?pyrido[2,3-?b]?indole
alpha-carboline, 99%
J-015543
mfcd00473709
DS-4768
9h-pyrido[2,3-b]indole;(c) paragraph sign-carboline; 1,9-diazafluorene 1-azacarbazole; 9h-1,9-diazafluorene
BCP20997
azacarbazole
Q27254162
A853697
i+/--carboline
SY055484
SB66733
O11680
alpha -carboline
CS-0147267
Z3234909647

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

Class	Description
pyridoindole
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (2)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID318337	Cytotoxicity against mock-infected MDBK cells by LDH method	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7	Gamma-carboline derivatives with anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) activity.
AID318336	Antiviral activity against BVDV infected in MDBK cells assessed as reduction in viral induced cell destruction by MTT assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7	Gamma-carboline derivatives with anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) activity.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (29)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	8 (27.59)	18.7374
1990's	1 (3.45)	18.2507
2000's	3 (10.34)	29.6817
2010's	12 (41.38)	24.3611
2020's	5 (17.24)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 21.04

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	21.04 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	3.43 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	5.18 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	18.60 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (21.04)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	1 (3.33%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	29 (96.67%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	2.06	1	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
dibenzofuran Dibenzofurans: Compounds that include the structure of dibenzofuran.. dibenzofurans : Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.. dibenzofuran : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a furan ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.	2.04	1	dibenzofurans; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	xenobiotic
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: mutagen from fried ground beef; structure given in first source. PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, amino, and phenyl groups, respectively. It is the most abundant of the mutagenic heterocyclic amines found in cooked meat and fish.	1.99	1	imidazopyridine; primary amino compound	carcinogenic agent; mutagen
aniline [no description available]	2.51	2	anilines; primary arylamine
acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.	2.06	1	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
fluorene [no description available]	2.04	1	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon
carbazole carbazole: structure in first source	2.04	1	carbazole
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	2.06	1	alkane
n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.	2.06	1	alkane; volatile organic compound	neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.	2.49	2	metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	2.07	1	benzenes; phenyl acetates
norharman norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.	2.04	1	beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	fungal metabolite; marine metabolite
gamma-carboline gamma-carboline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.4	2	pyridoindole
neocryptolepine neocryptolepine: isolated from the roots of the African plant Cryptolepis sanguinolenta; structure in first source	2.07	1
laccase Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.	1.97	1
okadaic acid Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.	2.41	1	ketal

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	2.61	2
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	2.61	2
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	2.41	1
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	2.9	2
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	2.9	2
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	2.41	1
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	2.41	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.02	1
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	1.97	1
B16 Melanoma [description not available]	1.97	1
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	1.97	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	1.97	1

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