Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphomyosin + H2O = myosin + phosphate. [EC:3.1.3.16]
Myosin phosphatase activity is a crucial molecular function in the regulation of muscle contraction. It involves the dephosphorylation of myosin light chains (MLCs), which are key components of the myosin motor protein responsible for muscle contraction. Specifically, myosin phosphatase removes phosphate groups from serine residues within the MLCs, leading to a conformational change in myosin that reduces its affinity for actin filaments. This dephosphorylation event is essential for muscle relaxation, as it inhibits the interaction between myosin and actin, preventing the sliding filament mechanism that drives contraction. Myosin phosphatase activity is tightly regulated by various factors, including calcium, calmodulin, and phosphorylation of its own regulatory subunit. The balance between myosin phosphatase and myosin kinase activities determines the level of myosin phosphorylation and ultimately dictates the state of muscle contraction or relaxation.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform | A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform that is encoded in the genome of cow. [OMA:P67774, PRO:DNx] | Bos taurus (cattle) |
| Dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14A | A dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14A that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UNH5] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dual specificity protein phosphatase 22 | A dual specificity protein phosphatase 22 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9NRW4] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 1 | A ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q8WVY7] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 | A PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q6ZVD8] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dual specificity protein phosphatase 5 | A dual specificity protein phosphatase 5 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q16690] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform | A protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:CNA, UniProtKB:Q08209] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dual specificity protein phosphatase 2 | A dual specificity protein phosphatase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q05923] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform | A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:CNA, UniProtKB:P67775] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN | A phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:PD, UniProtKB:P60484] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 5 | A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 5 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P53041] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dual specificity protein phosphatase 3 | A dual specificity protein phosphatase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P51452] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit | A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P36873] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Protein phosphatase 1A | A protein phosphatase 1A that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P35813] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform | A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P16298] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Protein phosphatase 1B | A protein phosphatase 1B that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O75688] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Protein phosphatase 1D | A protein phosphatase 1D that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O15297] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| salicylic acid | Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| suramin | suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years. Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties. | naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide | angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug |
| cantharidin | cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally. | cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride; monoterpenoid | EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; herbicide |
| imperatorin | imperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 8. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. imperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist; furanocoumarin from West African medicinal plant Clausena anisata; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3005 | psoralens | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| oleanolic acid | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | plant metabolite | |
| congo red | Congo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0. Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS. | bis(azo) compound | |
| nsc-87877 | NSC-87877: potent Shp2 (nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase) inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate | 1-monodecanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has decanoyl (capryl) as the acyl group. rac-1-monodecanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol composed of equal amounts of 3-decanoyl-sn-glycerol and 1-decanoyl-sn-glycerol. rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate: a monoglyceride of capric acid | rac-1-monoacylglycerol | |
| 6,7-dichloroquinoline-5,8-dione | 6,7-dichloro-5,8-quinolinedione: structure in first source | ||
| celastrol | monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; metabolite | |
| nsc 88915 | 4-pregnen-21-ol-3,20-dione-21-(4-bromobenzenesufonate): a tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| 1-amino-9,10-dioxo-4-(3-sulfamoylanilino)anthracene-2-sulfonic acid | 1-amino-9,10-dioxo-4-(3-sulfamoylanilino)anthracene-2-sulfonic acid: inhibits PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase; structure in first source | ||
| nsc 663284 | NSC 663284: structure in first source | quinolone | |
| nsc668394 | |||
| cyanoginosin lr | cyanoginosin LR: cyclic heptapeptide from cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa microcystin-LR : A microcystin consisting of D-alanyl, L-leucyl, (3S)-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl,L-arginyl, 2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecanoyl, D-gamma-glutamyl, and 2,3-didehydro-N-methylalanyl residues joined into a 25-membered macrocycle. Produced by the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, it is the most studied of the microcystins. | microcystin | bacterial metabolite; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| tacrolimus | tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro. | macrolide lactam | bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| okadaic acid | polycyclic ether | calcium ionophore; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; marine metabolite | |
| cefsulodin | cefsulodin : A pyridinium-substituted semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefsulodin: A pyridinium-substituted semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial used especially for Pseudomonas infections in debilitated patients. | cephalosporin; organosulfonic acid; primary carboxamide | antibacterial drug |
| caffeic acid | trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid. | caffeic acid | geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| tamoxifen | stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator | |
| illudalic acid | illudalic acid: isolated from Clitocybe illudens; structure in first source | ||
| linoleic acid | linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed) | octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite |
| cyclosporine | ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF | homodetic cyclic peptide | anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite |
| calyculin a | calyculin A: RN given refers to (5S-(5alpha(2R*(1S*,3S*,4S*,5R*,6R*,7E,9E,11E,13Z),3R*),7beta(E(S*)),*beta,9alpha))-isomer | ||
| cyanoginosin-la | cyanoginosin-LA: from cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa | peptide | |
| stigmasterol 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside | stigmasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: an antioxidant from Monochoria vaginalis; structure in first source stigmasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A steroid saponin that is (3beta,22E)-stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated from Symplocos lancifolia. | beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; phytosterols; steroid saponin | metabolite |
| mk-0893 | |||
| demethylcantharidin | demethylcantharidin: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source | ||
| 3-(1-(3-(biphenyl-4-ylamino)-3-oxopropyl)-1h-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-6-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenyl-1h-indole-5-carboxylic acid | 3-(1-(3-(biphenyl-4-ylamino)-3-oxopropyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-6-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indole-5-carboxylic acid: an SHP2 inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| bi 201335 | faldaprevir: inhibits hepatitis C virus NS3 protease | ||
| rk 682 | |||
| variabilin | variabilin: an RGD-containing antagonist of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa from the hard tick, Dermacentor variabilis; amino acid sequence given in first source | ||
| gsk2830371 | GSK2830371: inhibits Wip1 phosphatase; structure in first source |