Page last updated: 2024-09-26

hawkinsin

Description

hawkinsin: structure [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

hawkinsin : A cysteine derivative that is cysteine in which the thiol group is substituted by a [2-(carboxymethyl)-2,5-dihydroxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl]sulfanediyl group. Hawkinsinuria is an inherited disorder which is characterized by the inability to break down the amino acid tyrosine. This results in the finding of certain metabolites in the urine, such as hawkinsin. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID173909
CHEBI ID149584
SCHEMBL ID1660794
MeSH IDM0063197

Synonyms (11)

Synonym
hawkinsin
s-[2-(carboxymethyl)-2,5-dihydroxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl]cysteine
63224-90-8
CHEBI:149584
2-cyclohexene-1-acetic acid, 6-((2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)thio)-1,4-dihydroxy-
(2-l-cystein-s-yl-1,4-dihydroxycyclohex-5-en-1-yl)acetic acid
SCHEMBL1660794
2-amino-3-{[2-(carboxymethyl)-2,5-dihydroxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl]sulfanyl}propanoic acid
Q5685191
DTXSID10866992
2-amino-3-[[2-(carboxymethyl)-2,5-dihydroxy-1-cyclohex-3 enyl]sulfanyl]propanoic acid

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Hawkinsinuria is a rarely diagnosed autosomal dominantly transmitted inborn error of tyrosine metabolism with impaired conversion of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to homogentisate. "( Engelke, U; Lehnert, W; Stögmann, W; van den Berg, GB; Wevers, RA, 1999)
"Hawkinsin is a sulfur amino acid identified as (2-l-cystein-S-yl, 4-dihydroxycyclohex-5-en-1-yl)acetic acid."( Awata, H; Boneh, A; Danks, DM; Endo, F; Matsuda, I; Matsuura, T; Milovac, T; Ploechl, E; Scott, CR; Tomoeda, K, 2000)

Roles (2)

RoleDescription
biomarkerA substance used as an indicator of a biological state.
human urinary metaboliteAny metabolite (endogenous or exogenous) found in human urine samples.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (6)

ClassDescription
dicarboxylic acidAny carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups.
cysteine derivativeAn amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of cysteine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing cysteine residues.
cycloalkeneAn unsaturated monocyclic hydrocarbon having at least one endocyclic double bond.
diolA compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic. Aliphatic diols are also called glycols.
tertiary allylic alcoholAn allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two other carbons (R4,R5 =/= H).
secondary allylic alcoholAn allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to one other carbon and one hydrogen.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (1)

hawkinsin is involved in 1 pathway(s), involving a total of 7 unique proteins and 24 unique compounds

PathwayProteinsCompounds
Tyrosine metabolism and related disorders724

Research

Studies (10)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19905 (50.00)18.7374
1990's3 (30.00)18.2507
2000's2 (20.00)29.6817
2010's0 (0.00)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews1 (10.00%)6.00%
Case Studies5 (50.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other4 (40.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]