Page last updated: 2024-09-27

4 Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Deficiency Disease

Synonyms(32)

Synonym
Hepatorenal Tyrosinemia
Richner-Hanhart Syndrome
Hypertyrosinemia, Type I
Hereditary Tyrosinemia, Type II
Tyrosinemia, Type III
Tyrosinemias, Hereditary
Deficiency Disease, 4-Hydroxyphenol Pyruvic Acid Oxidase
Hypertyrosinemia
Tyrosinosis, Oculocutaneous Type
Tyrosine Transaminase Deficiency Disease
Tyrosinemia
4 Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Deficiency Disease
4-Hydroxyphenol Pyruvic Acid Oxidase Deficiency Disease
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Deficiency
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic Acid Oxidase Deficiency
Tyrosine Transaminase Deficiency
Keratosis Palmoplantaris with Corneal Dystrophy
Tyrosinemia, Type I
Tyrosinemia, Type II
Oregon Type Tyrosinemia
Deficiency Disease, Fumarylacetoacetase
Fumarylacetoacetase Deficiency
Deficiency Disease, Tyrosine Transaminase
Tyrosine Aminotransferase Deficiency
Tat Deficiency
Fumarylacetoacetase Deficiency Disease
Hereditary Tyrosinemias
Hereditary Tyrosinemia, Type III
Hereditary Tyrosinemia, Type I
Tyrosinemia Type 1
Richner-Hanhart Syndrome, Tyrosinosis, Oculocutaneous Type
Tyrosinemia, Type 2

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Tyrosinemia is a severe childhood disease that affects the liver and kidneys, but alkaptonuria is a more benign adult disorder in comparison."( Al-Dhalimy, M; Finegold, M; Grompe, M; Manning, K, 1999)
"Screening for tyrosinemia is not routinely performed worldwide."( Anele, E; Becker, D; De Mari, J; Giugliani, R; Lewis, E; Neto, EC; Rubim, R; Schulte, J, 1999)
"Tyrosinemia is an inherited autosomal recessive condition."( Amir, J; Campino, G; Nussinovitch, M; Shapira, R; Voluvitz, B, 2001)
"The genetic tyrosinemias are characterized by the accumulation of tyrosine in body fluids and tissues."( Scott, CR, 2006)
"Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, which is caused by a defective fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase enzyme, and consequently metabolites such as succinylacetone and p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate accumulate."( Koekemoer, G; Pretorius, PJ; Steenkamp, A; van Dyk, E, 2010)
"Tyrosinemia is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by the accumulation of tyrosine as well as toxic by-products."( Aldámiz-Echevarría, L; Andrade, F; Lage, S; Prieto, JA, 2011)
"Tyrosinemia type 1 is caused by deficiency of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase."( Boenzi, S; Della Bona, ML; Dionisi-Vici, C; la Marca, G; Malvagia, S; Martinelli, D; Materazzi, S, 2012)
"Without treatment, tyrosinemia type 1 is fatal."( Arias, C; Cabello, JF; Castro, G; Cornejo, V; de la Parra, A; Fernández, E; Raimann, E, 2012)
"Tyrosinemia is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations on genes that codify enzymes responsible for tyrosine metabolism."( Bogo, MR; Carvalho-Silva, M; Deroza, PF; Ferreira, GC; Ferreira, GK; Ghedim, FV; Gonçalves, CL; Kist, LW; Oliveira, GM; Pereira, TC; Scaini, G; Schuck, PF; Streck, EL; Vieira, JS; Zugno, AI, 2012)
"Although type II tyrosinemia is known to have corneal involvement, the natural course of tyrosinemia type I has not been shown to have corneal involvement."( Cavanagh, HD; Gulmez Sevim, D; Gumus, K, 2017)
"Tyrosinemia type 1 is an autosomal recessive disorder of amino acid metabolism."( Clarke, A; Fraser, H; Freeman, K; Geppert, J; Johnson, S; Stinton, C; Sutcliffe, P; Taylor-Phillips, S, 2017)
"Tyrosinemia is a disease of the tyrosine metabolism, affecting mainly liver, kidney and peripheral nerves."( Alvarez, F; Mitchell, GA, 2017)
"Hepatorenal tyrosinemia is a treatable metabolic disease characterized by progressive liver failure, renal damage and pronounced coagulopathy."( Belmont-Martínez, L; Fernández-Lainez, C; Guillén-López, S; Ibarra-González, I; Ridaura-Sanz, C; Vela-Amieva, M, 2017)
"Type 1 tyrosinemia is a rare metabolic disorder of the tyrosine degradation pathway."( Aydogdu, S; Farajov, R; Iakobadze, Z; Karaca, CA; Kilic, M; Yilmaz, C, 2019)
"Background Type 1 tyrosinemia is a hereditary metabolic disease in which tyrosine metabolites damage the liver and kidneys."( Äärelä, L; Hiltunen, P; Kurppa, K; Nevalainen, PI, 2020)
"Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 is a rare metabolic condition associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma."( Balouch, F; Bhushan, S; Ee, L; Hodgkinson, P; Lampe, G; Lewindon, P; McGill, J; Noble, C, 2022)

Context

ExcerptReference
"Tyrosinemia has rarely been reported from India due to lack of diagnostic facilities."( Shah, I, 2013)
"In one case, hypertyrosinemia has been demonstrated."( Boels, D; Bretaudeau, M; Harry, P; Monteil-Ganière, C; Turcant, A, 2013)
"Prognosis of type 1 tyrosinemia has improved in the era of nitisinone, and NBS seems to provide further benefits."( Äärelä, L; Heikinheimo, M; Hiltunen, P; Huhtala, H; Kivelä, L; Kurppa, K; Nevalainen, PI; Soini, T; Vuorela, N, 2020)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"A murine model for hereditary tyrosinemia Type I (HTI) was evaluated for in vivo gene therapy with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors expressing the enzyme fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase."( Chen, SJ; Moscioni, AD; Tazelaar, J; Wilson, JM, 2000)
"In human patients with hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1) a combination therapy of 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3 cyclohexane dione (NTBC) and dietary restriction of phenylalanine and tyrosine is currently widely used."( Al-Dhalimy, M; Finegold, M; Grompe, M; Overturf, K, 2002)
"To describe a patient with hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HHT-I) treated with 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione (NTBC) who developed corneal opacities."( Ahmad, S; Lueder, GT; Teckman, JH, 2002)
"Medical treatment of tyrosinemia I relies on the herbicide NTBC [Orfadin 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-cyclohexane-1,3-dione], an inhibitor of plant and mammalian 2-oxoacid-utilizing dioxygenases with a collective catalytic cycle ('HAG' mechanism)."( Hanauske-Abel, HM; Levy, J; Newfield, RS; Popowicz, A; Remotti, H, 2002)
"Human hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1), caused by mutations in the FAH gene, is an autosomal recessive disorder in which the patient usually dies of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis during early childhood; NTBC treatment is known to prolong HT1 children's lives-although liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocarcinoma, and corneal opacities sometimes occur."( Dalton, TP; Dieter, MZ; Freshwater, SL; Miller, ML; Nebert, DW; Shertzer, HG, 2003)
"NTBC treatment fails to normalize the tyrosinemia-induced alterations in expression of transcripts encoding proteins involved in protein turnover, signal transduction, and cell growth and proliferation."( Berger, R; Jacobs, SM; Klomp, LW; Koornneef, LP; Luijerink, MC; van Beurden, EA; van den Berg, IE, 2003)
"Hepatorenal tyrosinemia (HT1) is considered a treatable inherited metabolic disease, particularly when detected early in life."( Al-Ahaidib, LY; Al-Dirbashi, OY; Al-Owain, M; Al-Qahtani, K; Jacob, M; Rahbeeni, Z; Rashed, MS, 2006)
"Four patients with tyrosinemia type 1 (ages 6-32 months) were treated with 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoro-methylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexandion (NTBC) at Cairo University Children's Hospital, Egypt and followed up for 12-27 months."( Al-Dirbashi, O; El-Hawary, M; El-Karaksy, H; El-Koofy, N; El-Raziky, M; El-Sayed, R; Rashed, M, 2010)
"Without treatment, tyrosinemia type 1 is fatal."( Arias, C; Cabello, JF; Castro, G; Cornejo, V; de la Parra, A; Fernández, E; Raimann, E, 2012)
"Patients with tyrosinemia type I treated with nitisinone are at risk for impaired cognitive function despite a protein-restricted diet."( Bendadi, F; de Koning, TJ; de Sain, MG; Prinsen, HC; Sinnema, G; van Hasselt, PM; van Spronsen, FJ; Verhoeven-Duif, N; Visser, G, 2014)
"Untreated tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) is manifested by liver failure associated with renal tubular dysfunction, growth failure, and rickets."( Chapchap, P; Feier, FH; Fonseca, EA; Leite, KM; Miura, IK; Porta, A; Porta, G; Pugliese, R; Seda Neto, J, 2014)
"Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1(HT1) is a chronic disorder leading to severe hepatic, renal and peripheral nerve damage if left untreated."( Altay, S; Aydin, A; Cansever, S; Erkan, T; Kiykim, E; Soyucen, E; Zeybek, AC; Zubarioglu, T, 2015)
""Neurologic crisis" of tyrosinemia type I is a rare complication seen after discontinuation of treatment characterized with anorexia, vomiting, and hyponatremia in the initial phase continuing with paresthesia and paralysis of the extremities and the diaphragm."( Horoz, ÖÖ; İncecik, F; Kör, D; Öktem, M; Önenli Mungan, N; Sander, J; Yıldızdaş, D, 2016)
"We studied a mouse model of tyrosinemia type I to gain insight into the effects of tyrosinemia type I and treatment with NTBC on mouse learning, memory, and behavior."( Barnby, E; Coker, SB; Hillgartner, MA; Koenig, AE; MacGregor, GG; Moore, ME, 2016)
"Hepatorenal tyrosinemia is a treatable metabolic disease characterized by progressive liver failure, renal damage and pronounced coagulopathy."( Belmont-Martínez, L; Fernández-Lainez, C; Guillén-López, S; Ibarra-González, I; Ridaura-Sanz, C; Vela-Amieva, M, 2017)
"Three patients at our center with tyrosinemia type 1 developed hepatocellular carcinoma 9-13 years after diagnosis despite long-term nitisinone therapy and normalization of AFP."( Balouch, F; Bhushan, S; Ee, L; Hodgkinson, P; Lampe, G; Lewindon, P; McGill, J; Noble, C, 2022)
"Patients with hereditary tyrosinemia type 1, especially those already cirrhotic at diagnosis, remain at high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma despite long-term nitisinone therapy and AFP normalization, and warrant close monitoring and surveillance."( Balouch, F; Bhushan, S; Ee, L; Hodgkinson, P; Lampe, G; Lewindon, P; McGill, J; Noble, C, 2022)
"The nitisinone-induced hypertyrosinemia can lead to the development of corneal keratopathy, and once it develops, the treatment needs to be interrupted."( Havranova, A; Imrich, R; Lukacova, O; Penesova, A; Radikova, Z; Ranganath, L; Sedlakova, J; Vlcek, M; Zanova, E; Zatkova, A, 2023)

Research

Studies (282)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19901 (0.35)23.3326
1990's4 (1.42)12.5806
2000's106 (37.59)18.1394
2010's135 (47.87)28.8240
2020's36 (12.77)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
alpha-hydroxyglutarate0low10
aminolevulinic acid0low40
adenine0low20
betaine0low10
carnitine0low50
creatine0low10
cytosine0low10
lactic acid0low10
glutaric acid0low10
glycine0low10
homogentisic acid0low90
nitrites0low10
orotic acid0low10
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid0low50
propionic acid0low10
succinic acid0low10
toluene0low10
urea0low10
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid0low10
acetaminophen0low10
chlorothiazide0low10
deferoxamine0low10
diazoxide0low20
nefazodone0low10
succinylacetone0low570
serine0low10
lysine0low10
aminopyrine0low10
bromodeoxyuridine0low10
galactose0low10
tyrosine0medium1043
methionine0low60
phenylalanine0medium301
cytidine0low10
tryptophan0low10
arginine0low10
dichloroacetic acid0low10
mecoprop0low10
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid0low10
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid0low10
dichlorprop0low10
isoxazoles0low10
hydrazine0low20
4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid0low20
azacitidine0low10
ninhydrin0low10
isovaleric acid0low10
1,3-cyclohexanedione0low10
oleanolic acid0low10
levulinic acid0low10
acetylcysteine0low20
dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine0low10
ethylnitrosourea0low20
fluorescein0low20
samarium0low10
terbium0low10
europium0low10
gold0low10
fluorine0low10
tiletamine hydrochloride0medium1334
18-crown-60low10
s-adenosylmethionine0low40
adenosine0low10
glutathione disulfide0low10
girard's reagent t0low10
triazoles0low10
pinocembrin0low10
tyrosine methyl ester0low10
n-acetyltyrosine, (dl)-isomer0low10
sulcotrione0low20
dansyl hydrazine0low10
s-ethyl glutathione0low10
nitisinone0medium1294
peroxynitrous acid0low10
imatinib mesylate0low10
3-(4-carboxybenzoyl)-2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde0low10
hawkinsin0low20
mesotrione0medium31
canavanine0low10
hexacyanoferrate iii0low10
maleic acid0low10
tacrolimus0low10
(+)-usnic acid0low10
D-fructopyranose0low10
leptospermone0low10
bilirubin0low20
fumarylacetoacetate0low60
lysophosphatidylcholines0low10
topramezone0low10
tembotrione0low10
pituitrin0low10
alpha(-(cyclopropylcarbonyl)-2-(methyvlsulfonyl)-beta-oxo-4-(trifluromethyl)benzenepropanenitrile)0low20
cytochrome c-t0low10
c-peptide0low10
heme0low30
ascorbic acid0low10
cyclosporine0low10
technetium tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid0low10
acyclovir0low20
sapropterin0low10
eye0low10

Protein Targets (646)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 10101
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 10101
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] FabI0101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10303
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase0607
Integrase 0101
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 10101
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha250025
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a9009
Cocaine esterase0101
Coagulation factor XII0101
Cholinesterase0101
Liver carboxylesterase 10101
Acetylcholinesterase0303
Liver carboxylesterase 10202
Transthyretin0101
Chain A, Beta-lactamase9009
Luciferase5005
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma160016
GLI family zinc finger 3150015
AR protein190019
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1230023
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha160016
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha300030
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma8008
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor9009
chromobox protein homolog 1140014
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2150015
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1150015
geminin180018
Inositol monophosphatase 12002
TAR DNA-binding protein 432002
Prostaglandin D2 receptor0101
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 20101
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE4004
thioredoxin reductase7007
SMAD family member 25005
SMAD family member 35005
progesterone receptor100010
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta100010
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK12002
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, mitochondrial0101
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial0101
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G4004
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0202
Chain A, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain M, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain A, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain M, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain A, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain M, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain A, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain M, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain A, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain M, PROTOCATECHUATE 3,4-DIOXYGENASE0101
Chain A, Protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase0101
Chain M, Protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase0101
Olfactory receptor class A-like protein 10011
Smad36006
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)6006
Carbonic anhydrase 10408
Carbonic anhydrase 20408
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0105
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 0104
Carbonic anhydrase0104
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha0101
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0105
Solute carrier family 22 member 200505
Solute carrier family 22 member 60505
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor0001
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A 0001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0001
ATAD5 protein, partial6006
GLS protein9009
Microtubule-associated protein tau7007
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A18008
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor120012
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3120012
EWS/FLI fusion protein5005
aryl hydrocarbon receptor7007
peripheral myelin protein 22100010
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 14004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi4004
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30505
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40505
Solute carrier family 22 member 60203
Carbonic anhydrase 120104
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90001
Bile salt export pump0404
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit8008
Bile salt export pump0808
Cytochrome P450 2B10001
Cytochrome P450 1A10001
Myoglobin0101
Cytochrome P450 1A10113
Cytochrome P450 1A20102
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Carbonic anhydrase 30104
Cytochrome P450 3A40305
Cytochrome P450 2D60101
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0202
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-14004
Sulfotransferase 1A1 0002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta4004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-24004
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60001
Glutamate receptor 280010
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-54004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-34004
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0001
Carbonic anhydrase 40306
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Carbonic anhydrase 60104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-14004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-24004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-44004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-34004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-64004
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20102
Carbonic anhydrase 70205
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma4004
Cytochrome P450 2J20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-14004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-34004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-24004
Carbonic anhydrase 90205
GABA theta subunit4004
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10505
Carbonic anhydrase 150205
Carbonic anhydrase 130103
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon4004
Carbonic anhydrase 140104
toxin B0001
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A3003
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase5005
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q14004
acetylcholinesterase100010
dopamine D1 receptor1001
15-lipoxygenase, partial3003
pregnane X receptor4004
phosphopantetheinyl transferase8008
USP1 protein, partial6006
NFKB1 protein, partial4004
Thrombopoietin2002
regulator of G-protein signaling 44004
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]190019
farnesoid X nuclear receptor7007
arylsulfatase A7007
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2110011
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 16006
D(1A) dopamine receptor2002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a6006
heat shock protein beta-15005
flap endonuclease 14004
survival motor neuron protein isoform d5005
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M17007
Histone deacetylase 30101
Histone deacetylase 40101
Histone deacetylase 10101
Histone deacetylase 70101
Histone deacetylase 20101
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC100101
Histone deacetylase 11 0101
Ataxin-27007
Histone deacetylase 80101
Histone deacetylase 60101
Histone deacetylase 90101
Histone deacetylase 50101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase6006
Chain E, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0101
Chain A, HADH2 protein2002
Chain B, HADH2 protein2002
Chain A, Ferritin light chain5005
Thymidine kinase 0101
TDP1 protein140014
activating transcription factor 68008
Histone H2A.x5005
hemoglobin subunit beta2002
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor1001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
lamin isoform A-delta10160016
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0001
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0202
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic0102
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 20001
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 60103
Thymidine kinase 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80001
Thymidine kinase0101
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE110011
Chain A, MTA/SAH nucleosidase0101
Chain A, Ribosome-inactivating protein alpha-trichosanthin0011
Chain A, Ricin A chain0011
Chain A, Ribosome-inactivating protein 30011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 47007
pregnane X nuclear receptor110011
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 25005
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 13003
snurportin-13003
tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein1001
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 12002
Cyclin-dependent kinase 10101
Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta0101
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP150101
Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 20202
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 56006
Chain A, Membrane lipoprotein tmpC0011
Chain A, Membrane lipoprotein tmpC0011
Chain A, Membrane lipoprotein tmpC0011
Chain A, Structure of PAE2307 in complex with adenosine0011
Chain B, Structure of PAE2307 in complex with adenosine0011
Chain A, ADENOSINE RECEPTOR A2A0101
Chain A, ADENOSINE RECEPTOR A2A0101
Chain A, tRNA (guanine-N(1)-)-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Uncharacterized protein MJ08830011
signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced1001
NPYLR7B0011
IDH19009
glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform 10011
mitogen-activated protein kinase 12002
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 13003
high affinity choline transporter 1 isoform a0101
Sodium/nucleoside cotransporter 10202
Calcium dependent protein kinase0101
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 70011
Sodium/nucleoside cotransporter 20202
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 32002
Epidermal growth factor receptor0202
Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 0101
Adenosine deaminase0001
Avidin0011
Adenosine deaminase0001
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase0202
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-20101
Insulin receptor0001
Phosphoglycerate kinase 20101
Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha0112
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta0001
Adenosine receptor A30326
Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A 0101
Heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein0011
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 10001
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 20101
Endoplasmin0112
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 0101
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 20001
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 40001
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 30001
Streptavidin0011
Adenosylhomocysteinase0001
Adenosine receptor A10114
Adenosine receptor A30101
Adenosine receptor A2a0225
Adenosine receptor A2b0012
Adenosine receptor A2b0112
Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial0101
Adenosine receptor A10326
Adenosine receptor A2a0114
Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 0101
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha0203
Adenosine receptor A10011
Adenosine kinase0001
Adenosine deaminase 0001
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 20202
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-beta0203
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-79 specific0101
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 10202
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-alpha0203
Solute carrier family 28 member 30202
Adenosine kinase0102
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta0203
5-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine deaminase0001
Adenosine transporter 10001
Methylcytosine dioxygenase TET20213
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase0011
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B5005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-10101
Glutamate receptor 10101
Glutamate receptor 20101
Glutamate receptor 30101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 30101
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
Glutamate receptor 40101
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
interleukin 84004
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)9009
G2002
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a4004
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)8008
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 31001
Interferon beta4004
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 2002
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 12002
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial2002
ORF730022
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
alpha-galactosidase1001
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor1001
lethal factor (plasmid)7007
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial0002
Nitric oxide synthase, brain0012
Nitric oxide synthase, brain 0001
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0102
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0215
Cationic amino acid transporter 30202
Chain A, Hyaluronidase, phage associated0101
thioredoxin glutathione reductase2002
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I2002
Polyphenol oxidase 20102
Pancreatic alpha-amylase0202
Albumin0101
Urease0101
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10001
Tyrosinase0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0011
Spike glycoprotein8008
Hyaluronate lyase0101
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN20012
Egl nine homolog 10225
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN30012
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor0102
Solute carrier family 23 member 10101
glp-1 receptor, partial3003
Fumarate hydratase1001
PPM1D protein1001
polyprotein1001
67.9K protein2002
Parkin1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor5005
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 12002
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a4004
huntingtin isoform 21001
ras-related protein Rab-9A1001
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 13003
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor3003
plasminogen precursor3003
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor3003
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 15005
Cellular tumor antigen p538008
Integrin beta-33003
Integrin alpha-IIb3003
DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 10101
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10101
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT20303
Chain A, Betaine ABC transporter permease and substrate binding protein0011
Chain A, Osmoprotection protein (ProX)0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 10404
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase2002
Chain A, Cruzipain1001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA2002
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 15005
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor2002
Caspase-71001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30203
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10304
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 21001
Nuclear hormone receptor family member daf-120011
oxysterols receptor LXR-beta isoform 10011
Thymidine phosphorylase0001
Thymidylate kinase0101
Thymidine kinase0001
Thymidylate kinase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 50001
Solute carrier family 22 member 50001
Solute carrier family 22 member 160001
Solute carrier family 22 member 210001
Solute carrier family 22 member 50001
nonstructural protein 11001
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 32002
Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 10101
Glucose transporter0101
Cdk-related protein kinase 60101
Protein kinase domain-containing protein0101
Hexose transporter 1 0101
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 10101
Deoxycytidine kinase0001
Cytidine deaminase0001
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 10101
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 0101
Proline--tRNA ligase0101
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 40101
Lysine--tRNA ligase 0101
Uridine-cytidine kinase 1 0001
Deoxycytidine kinase0001
Thymidylate synthase0101
Thymidylate synthase0101
Thymidylate synthase0101
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA11001
Lysine-specific demethylase 4A0101
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha0011
Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase0101
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 11001
Coagulation factor VII0101
Tissue factor0202
Glutamate receptor 10002
Glutamate receptor 30002
Glutamate receptor 40002
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase0011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 80112
ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 110112
acid sphingomyelinase1001
WRN1001
Oligo-1,6-glucosidase IMA10101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 42002
[Pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase isozyme 1, mitochondrial0101
[Pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase isozyme 2, mitochondrial0101
[Pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase isozyme 3, mitochondrial0101
[Pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial0101
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit1001
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor2002
Beta-galactosidase0101
Lipopolysaccharide heptosyltransferase 10101
PA-I galactophilic lectin0011
Jacalin0011
Chain A, Protein (aspartate Aminotransferase)0022
Chain A, Aspartate Aminotransferase0022
Solute carrier family 22 member 70001
Glutathione reductase0001
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 0001
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT10202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10011
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0216
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0216
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0216
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0216
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 10506
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0216
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0216
Serine racemase0101
Olfactory receptor 51E20022
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0216
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 20101
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor2002
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a0001
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL10112
Cytochrome P450 2C80001
Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit0112
Breakpoint cluster region protein0011
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha0112
Cytochrome P450 3A50102
cytochrome P450 2D61001
Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase0202
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast0101
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast0101
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d1001
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial0202
Chain A, Aspartate Aminotransferase0011
Chain B, Aspartate Aminotransferase0011
Chain A, Aspartate Aminotransferase0011
Chain B, Aspartate Aminotransferase0011
Chain A, Aspartate aminotransferase0011
Chain B, Aspartate aminotransferase0011
Chain A, Aspartate aminotransferase0011
Chain A, Aspartate aminotransferase0011
Chain A, Aspartate aminotransferase0011
Chain B, Aspartate aminotransferase0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0011
Chain A, Methionyl-tRNA synthetase0011
Chain A, Methionyl-tRNA synthetase0011
Chain A, Aminopeptidase0101
Chain A, Methionine aminopeptidase0101
S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase0101
Adenylate cyclase type 50001
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-10001
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-20001
Fatty acid synthase0101
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0101
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0112
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0011
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease2002
caspase-32002
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX122002
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B1001
Histamine H2 receptor1001
Beta-secretase 10101
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase0101
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase 0101
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase0101
Carbonic anhydrase0104
Phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase 0101
Hemagglutinin [Cleaved into: Hemagglutinin HA1 chain; Hemagglutinin HA2 chain]0011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B100202
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Pancreatic alpha-amylase0103
Phospholipase A20101
DNA polymerase beta0101
DNA polymerase beta0101
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C0101
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F0101
DNA topoisomerase 10001
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha0001
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 20101
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha0101
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon0101
Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase0101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 60101
M-phase inducer phosphatase 20101
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 30101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0101
Dual specificity protein phosphatase 30101
Transcription factor p650101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 110101
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 20011
Env polyprotein 0011
G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 10011
NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial0101
Transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase0011
Protease 0101
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 90112
Chain A, AMINOPEPTIDASE0101
Chain A, AMINOPEPTIDASE0101
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-10101
Plasma kallikrein0003
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme0202
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme 0101
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase0202
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase0101
5'-nucleotidase0101
Carbonic anhydrase0003
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP0101
SLC16A10 protein0003
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0003
Carbonic anhydrase0003
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0003
Carbonic anhydrase 130001
Monocarboxylate transporter 100003
Phospholipase A-2-activating protein0202
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-10101
Cytochrome P450 1B10101
Free fatty acid receptor 30011
Free fatty acid receptor 20112
Free fatty acid receptor 20011
Met repressor 0022
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 50011
Histone H3K27 methylase0001
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0012
S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme0102
Protein-L-isoaspartate(D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase0101
Catechol O-methyltransferase0001
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 10101
Methylosome protein 500011
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Pyruvate kinase PKM0011
Neutral amino acid transporter A0101
Cholinesterase0101
Neutral amino acid transporter B(0)0101
Amino acid transporter0101
Lysine-specific demethylase 4E0202
N(4)-(beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl)-L-asparaginase0101
NADP-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial0001
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase0101
Solute carrier family 13 member 30101
Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein NahY0011
Lysine-specific demethylase 6B0101
Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase0101
Lysine-specific demethylase 5C0101
Histone lysine demethylase PHF80101
Lysine-specific demethylase 2A0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70001
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR0101
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A0213
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1B0011
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform0101
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP50101
Splicing factor 3B subunit 30101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20101
Endolysin0011
Chain A, Trp Rna-binding Attenuation Protein0011
Chain K, Trp Rna-binding Attenuation Protein0011
Chain B, tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase0011
Chain C, Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase II0011
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)1001
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor1001
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Myeloperoxidase0101
Stromelysin-10101
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 10102
Substance-P receptor0101
Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase0102
Uracil nucleotide/cysteinyl leukotriene receptor0101
Tryprostatin B synthase0001
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase0011
Chain A, CHORISMATE MUTASE0101
Chain A, TYROSYL-tRNA SYNTHETASE0011
Tubulin--tyrosine ligase0101
Taste receptor type 2 member 140001
Urease subunit alpha0101
Urease subunit beta0101
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]