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aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A protein complex that acts as an aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. Cytosolic and nuclear Ah receptor complexes have different subunit composition, but both contain the ligand-binding subunit AhR. [GOC:mah, PMID:7598497]

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) complex is a multi-protein complex that mediates the cellular response to a variety of environmental pollutants, including dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The AHR complex is composed of the following components:

1. **The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR):** This is the ligand-binding subunit of the complex. It is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that is normally localized in the cytoplasm, bound to chaperone proteins such as heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and AIP. When AHR binds to its ligand, it undergoes a conformational change that allows it to dissociate from its chaperones and translocate to the nucleus.

2. **The aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT):** This is a bHLH-PAS transcription factor that is constitutively localized in the nucleus. ARNT is the dimerization partner of AHR and is required for the transcriptional activity of the complex.

3. **Other proteins:** The AHR complex also contains other proteins that are involved in its function, including:

* **X-associated protein 2 (XAP2):** This protein acts as a negative regulator of AHR, preventing its activation in the absence of ligand.
* **Cyp1A1:** This protein is an enzyme that metabolizes AHR ligands, reducing their activity.
* **Other co-factors:** The AHR complex may also interact with other co-factors that modulate its transcriptional activity.

The AHR complex is a critical regulator of a variety of cellular processes, including detoxification, cell growth, and immune responses. Its activation can lead to both beneficial and detrimental effects. For example, AHR activation can protect cells from oxidative stress, but it can also promote tumor growth.

The cellular component of the AHR complex is the **cytoplasm**, where the AHR protein is normally localized, bound to chaperone proteins. Upon ligand binding, the AHR translocates to the **nucleus**, where it dimerizes with ARNT and binds to DNA to regulate gene expression.'
"

Proteins (2)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Aryl hydrocarbon receptorAn aryl hydrocarbon receptor that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P35869]Homo sapiens (human)
Heat shock protein HSP 90-betaA heat shock protein HSP 90-beta that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DAN]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (79)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
adenine6-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dibenzofurandibenzofuran : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a furan ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.

dibenzofurans : Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.

Dibenzofurans: Compounds that include the structure of dibenzofuran.
dibenzofurans;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent;
polycyclic heteroarene
xenobiotic
3-methylcholanthrene3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.

Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.
ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenearyl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
carcinogenic agent
5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole-12-carboxaldehydeindolocarbazole
benzo(a)pyreneBenzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.

benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.
ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenecarcinogenic agent;
mouse metabolite
beta-naphthoflavonebeta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone.

beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308)
extended flavonoid;
naphtho-gamma-pyrone;
organic heterotricyclic compound
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist
bisacodylBisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)diarylmethane
n(6),n(6)-dimethyladenineN(6),N(6)-dimethyladenine : A tertiary amine that is adenine substituted at N-6 by geminal methyl groups.tertiary amine
kynurenic acidkynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.

Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.
monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid
G-protein-coupled receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
anthranilamidesubstituted aniline
ethamivanetamivan : Phenol substituted at C-2 and C-4 by a methoxy group and an N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl group respectively. A respiratory stimulant drug related to nikethamide, it has now fallen largely into disuse.

ethamivan: minor descriptor (65-72); major descriptor (73-86); on-line search BENZAMIDES (66-86); INDEX MEDICUS search BENZAMIDES (65-72); ETHAMIVAN (73-86)
methoxybenzenes;
phenols
indigohydroxyindoles
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxineTetrachlorodibenzodioxin: A mixture of isomers.polychlorinated dibenzodioxine
2,4,2',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl2,2',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl : A tetrachlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by chlorines.

2,4,2',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl: structure
dichlorobenzene;
tetrachlorobiphenyl
octachlorodibenzo-4-dioxinoctachlorodibenzo-4-dioxin: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpdpolychlorinated dibenzodioxine
silybinsilibinin : A flavonolignan isolated from milk thistle, Silybum marianum, that has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and antineoplastic activities.aromatic ether;
benzodioxine;
flavonolignan;
polyphenol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
2-chlorodibenzofuran2-chlorodibenzofuran: structure
1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin: structure given in first sourcepolychlorinated dibenzodioxine
pcb 118dichlorobenzene;
pentachlorobiphenyl;
trichlorobenzene
3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl : A tetrachlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which the hydrogens at position 3 and 4 on each phenyl group are replaced by chlorines.

3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl: RN given refers to parent cpd
dichlorobenzene;
tetrachlorobiphenyl
2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyldichlorobenzene;
pentachlorobiphenyl;
trichlorobenzene
2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyltetrachlorobiphenyl : Any polychlorobiphenyl with molecular formula C12H6Cl4.tetrachlorobenzene;
tetrachlorobiphenyl
1,2,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin1,2,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: structure in first source
2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenylhexachlorobiphenyl
2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyldichlorobenzene;
hexachlorobiphenyl;
tetrachlorobenzene
2,8-dichlorodibenzo-4-dioxin2,8-dichlorodibenzo-4-dioxin: metabolite for 2,3,7,8-TCDD
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzodioxin1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzodioxin: structure given in first sourcepolychlorinated dibenzodioxine
1,2,4-trichlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin1,2,4-trichlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin: structure given in first source
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxinpolychlorinated dibenzodioxine
2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-4-dioxin2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-4-dioxin: structure given in first source

2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzodioxine : An organobromine compound that is dibenzodioxine carrying four bromo substituents at positions 2, 3, 7 and 8.
dibenzodioxine;
organobromine compound
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran: toxic product which was generated in Italy due to an explosion in a plant manufacturing 2,4,5-trichlorophenolpolychlorinated dibenzofuran
2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran: structure given in first sourcepolychlorinated dibenzofuran
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpdpolychlorinated dibenzofuran
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuranpolychlorinated dibenzofuran
2,3,4,4'5-pentachlorobiphenylmonochlorobenzenes;
pentachlorobiphenyl;
tetrachlorobenzene
3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl : A pentachlorobiphenyl in which the chlorines are located at the 3, 4, 5, 3', and 4' positions.pentachlorobiphenyl;
trichlorobenzene
epigallocatechin gallate(-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.

epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis)
flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
2-acetylamino-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone2-acetylamino-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone: structure in first source
5-benzyloxytryptophan
isopentaquine
Zearalanonemacrolide;
resorcinols
6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran: structure given in first source
kynurenineL-kynurenine : A kynurenine that has L configuration.amino acid zwitterion;
kynurenine;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
(-)-gallocatechin gallate(-)-gallocatechin gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-gallocatechin. A natural product found in found in green tea.catechin;
gallate ester;
polyphenol
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
8-(2-chloro-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-2-fluoro-9-pent-4-yn-1-yl-9H-purin-6-amine8-(2-chloro-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-2-fluoro-9-pent-4-yn-1-yl-9H-purin-6-amine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is 2-fluoroadenine carrying additional 2-chloro-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl and pent-4-yn-1-yl substituents at positions 8 and 9 respectively.6-aminopurines;
acetylenic compound;
methoxybenzenes;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound
antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor
1,3,6-trimethylpyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine-5,7-dionepyrimidotriazine
3-chlorodibenzofuran3-chlorodibenzofuran: structure given in first source
cct018159CCT-018159 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole carrying 1,4-benzodioxane-6-yl and 5-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl substituents at positions 4 and 5 respectively.

CCT018159: structure in first source
benzodioxine;
pyrazoles;
resorcinols
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
Hsp90 inhibitor
1,6-dimethyl-3-propylpyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine-5,7-dionepyrimidotriazine
ver-490095-(5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-ethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of ethylamine.

VER-49009: inhibits heat shock protein 90 molecular chaperone; structure in first source
aromatic amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
monomethoxybenzene;
pyrazoles;
resorcinols
Hsp90 inhibitor
kaempferol7-hydroxyflavonol;
flavonols;
tetrahydroxyflavone
antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
myricetin7-hydroxyflavonol;
hexahydroxyflavone
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
food component;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
geldanamycin1,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
cysteine protease inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor
17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin: structure in first source

alvespimycin : A 19-membered macrocyle that is geldanamycin in which the methoxy group attached to the benzoquinone moiety has been replaced by a 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethylamino group.
1,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound
Hsp90 inhibitor
derrubonederrubone: an inhibitor of the Hsp90 protein folding machinery from Derris robusta; structure in first sourceisoflavanones
monordenmonorden: inhibits HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, DNA topoisomerase VI and human Topoisomerase IIcyclic ketone;
enone;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols
antifungal agent;
metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
tanespimycinCP 127374: analog of herbimycin A1,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
Hsp90 inhibitor
vildagliptinamino acid amide
9h-purine-9-propanamine, 6-amino-8-((6-iodo-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)thio)-n-(1-methylethyl)-9H-purine-9-propanamine, 6-amino-8-((6-iodo-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)thio)-N-(1-methylethyl)-: an epichaperome (purine-scaffold) inhibitor; structure in first source
nvp-dpp728
cycloproparadicicolcycloproparadicicol: structure in first source
gambogic acidgambogic acid: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,1(Z),3abeta,5alpha,11beta,14aS*))-isomerpyranoxanthonesmetabolite
ipi 49317-aminogeldanamycin: structure in first source
pochonin dpochonin D: secondary metabolite of Pochonia chlamydosporia; structure in first source
snx-7081SNX-7081: Anti-Inflammatory Agent; structure in first source
at 13387(2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-(5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)methanone: structure in first source

onalespib : A member of the class of isoindoles that is isoindole in which the amino group has been acylated by a 2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropylbenzoyl group and in which position 5 of the isoidole moiety has been substituted by a (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl group. A second-generation Hsp90 inhibitor.
benzamides;
isoindoles;
N-alkylpiperazine;
resorcinols;
tertiary carboxamide
antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor
cnf 20242-aminopurines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
pyridines
antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor
snx 2112SNX 2112: an orally available small molecule Hsp90 inhibitor; structure in first source
nvp-bep800
debio 0932CUDC 305: an Hsp90 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source
novobiocinnovobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.

Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189)
carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols
antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tas-116
ver-246608VER-246608: inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase; structure in first source
7-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime7-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime: has mild protein kinase inhibitory activity; induces caspase-independent cell death; structure in first source
ver-50589VER-50589: inhibits heat shock protein 90 molecular chaperone; structure in first source
ver 52296luminespib : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-4-[4-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)phenyl]-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of ethylamine.aromatic amide;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
resorcinols
angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor
sta 9090ring assembly;
triazoles
nms-e973NMS-E973: structure in first source