Page last updated: 2024-12-06

ketazolam

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

ketazolam: structure [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	33746
CHEMBL ID	2104356
CHEBI ID	135556
SCHEMBL ID	157329
MeSH ID	M0042539

Synonyms (66)

Synonym
4h-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-
anxon
loftran
anseren
sedotime
u-28,774
nsc338158
ketazolam
unakalm
27223-35-4
ansieten
4h-[1,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-
nsc-338158
11-chloro-8,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4h-[1,3]-oxazino[3,2-d]-[1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)dione
u 28774
4h-[1,2-d]-[1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-
11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4h-(1,3)oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione
nsc 338158
ketazolamum [inn-latin]
11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4h-(1,3)-oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)dione
4h-(1,3)oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 8,12b-dihydro-11-chloro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-
einecs 248-346-3
4h-(1,3)-oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-
ketazolam (usan/inn)
D04650
DB01587
CHEBI:135556
11-chloro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-6h-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7-dione
CHEMBL2104356
u-28774
4h-(1,3)oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-
ketazolamum
ketazolam [usan:inn:ban]
unii-92a214md7y
92a214md7y ,
ketazolam [mi]
ketazolam [who-dd]
ketazolam [inn]
ketazolam [mart.]
(+/-)-ketazolam
ketazolam [usan]
103794-94-1
SCHEMBL157329
11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4h-(1,3)-oxazino(3,2-d)[1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione
4h-(1,3)-oxazino(3,2-d)-(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-
PWAJCNITSBZRBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4h-(1,3)-oxazino(3,2-d)-(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)dione
11-chloro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-8,12b-dihydro-4h-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione
14-chloro-4,10-dimethyl-2-phenyl-3-oxa-7,10-diazatricyclo[9.4.0.0^{2,7}]pentadeca-1(11),4,12,14-tetraene-6,9-dione
HY-A0242
CS-6737
ketazolam; 11-chloro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-6h-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepine-4,7-quinone; 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4h-(1,3)-oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)dione; 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-4h
Q2397253
DTXSID20865350
(+)-ketazolam
9ZBH5G9835 ,
4h-(1,3)oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-, (-)-
424J5HGB8E ,
106939-00-8
106938-99-2
4h-(1,3)oxazino(3,2-d)(1,4)benzodiazepine-4,7(6h)-dione, 11-chloro-8,12b-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-12b-phenyl-, (+)-
ketazolam, (+)-
ketazolam, (-)-
(-)-ketazolam
unii-424j5hgb8e
unii-9zbh5g9835

Research Excerpts

Overview

Ketazolam is a relatively safe and clinically effective antispasticity agent (especially for patients with multiple sclerosis)

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Ketazolam is a relatively safe and clinically effective antispasticity agent (especially for patients with multiple sclerosis)."	( Ketazolam treatment for spasticity: double-blind study of a new drug. Basmajian, JV; Russell, D; Shankardass, K; Yucel, V, 1984)	2.43

Toxicity

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Recently, it has been argued that benzodiazepines may not be safe or efficacious beyond 3 months continuous dosage."	( Comparison of the therapeutic effect, tolerance and safety of ketazolam and diazepam administered for six months to out-patients with chronic anxiety neurosis. Fabre, LF; McLendon, DM; Stephens, AG, 1981)	0.5

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

Class	Description
benzodiazepine	A group of heterocyclic compounds with a core structure containing a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (21)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	20 (95.24)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	1 (4.76)	29.6817
2010's	0 (0.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 56.02

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	56.02 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	3.64 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	4.14 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	91.05 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (56.02)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	14 (60.87%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	9 (39.13%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	6.88	10	8	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
flunitrazepam Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.	1.96	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes	anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
nitrazepam Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).	1.94	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound	anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; drug metabolite; GABA modulator; sedative
nortriptyline Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.	6.96	1	0	organic tricyclic compound; secondary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	1.94	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxazolam oxazolam: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	6.96	1	0	hemiaminal ether; organic molecular entity
temazepam Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.	1.96	1	0	benzodiazepine

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	1	8.12	7	5
Anxiety Neuroses [description not available]	0	5.83	5	5
Anxiety Disorders Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.	0	5.83	5	5
Chronic Illness [description not available]	0	3.34	1	1
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	0	3.34	1	1
Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available]	0	3.35	1	1
Craniocerebral Injuries [description not available]	0	3.35	1	1
MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available]	0	4.31	2	2
Clasp-Knife Spasticity [description not available]	0	4.31	2	2
Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.	0	3.35	1	1
Craniocerebral Trauma Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage.	0	3.35	1	1
Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)	0	4.31	2	2
Muscle Spasticity A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a free interval) followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p54)	0	4.31	2	2
Chronic Insomnia [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	0	1.96	1	0
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition.	0	1.96	1	0
Alcohol Abuse [description not available]	0	3.34	1	1
Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)	0	3.34	1	1
Action Tremor [description not available]	0	3.35	1	1
Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of PARKINSON DISEASE.	0	3.35	1	1
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	0	3.35	1	1

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