## 16-Ketoestrone: A Key Player in Estrogen Metabolism
**16-Ketoestrone (16-KE)** is a naturally occurring metabolite of the primary female sex hormone, estradiol. It's a weak estrogen with unique characteristics that have made it an area of growing research interest.
**Here's what makes 16-KE significant:**
**1. Biological Activity:**
* **Weak Estrogen:** It possesses weaker estrogenic activity compared to estradiol, which means it binds to estrogen receptors with less affinity.
* **Unique Effects:** While its estrogenic effects are milder, 16-KE exhibits unique biological activities, including:
* **Anti-proliferative effects:** Studies suggest 16-KE can inhibit the growth of some breast cancer cells.
* **Neuroprotective effects:** Research indicates it might offer protection against neuronal damage and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
* **Modulation of immune response:** 16-KE seems to influence immune function and potentially play a role in inflammatory processes.
**2. Potential Therapeutic Applications:**
* **Cancer Treatment:** Due to its anti-proliferative effects, 16-KE is being explored as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer.
* **Neurological Disorders:** Its neuroprotective potential makes it a promising candidate for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
* **Inflammation:** Its modulation of the immune system could open doors for new approaches to treating inflammatory conditions.
**3. Research Focus:**
* **Metabolic Pathways:** Understanding the metabolic pathways that generate and regulate 16-KE levels is crucial for its therapeutic applications.
* **Mechanism of Action:** Investigating how 16-KE exerts its effects on different biological systems is essential to develop targeted interventions.
* **Clinical Trials:** Further clinical trials are necessary to evaluate its safety and efficacy in humans.
**Overall, 16-KE is an intriguing metabolite with potential therapeutic benefits. Research on this molecule is actively ongoing to decipher its biological role and harness its potential for various health conditions.**
16-ketoestrone: structure [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 246876 |
| CHEBI ID | 34166 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 3293028 |
| MeSH ID | M0043258 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| 1228-73-5 |
| 16-ketoestrone |
| 16-oxoestrone |
| nsc-60462 |
| estra-1,5(10)-triene-16,17-dione, 3-hydroxy- |
| nsc60462 |
| 3-hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-16,17-dione |
| 3-hydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratriene-16,17-dione |
| LMST02010048 |
| (8r,9s,13s,14s)-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-16,17-dione |
| unii-113v416qtu |
| 113v416qtu , |
| nsc 60462 |
| estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-16,17-dione, 3-hydroxy- |
| SCHEMBL3293028 |
| CHEBI:34166 |
| 1,3,5(10)-estratrien-3-ol-16,17-dione |
| Q27115860 |
| (3as,3br,9bs,11as)-7-hydroxy-11a-methyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,5h,9bh,10h,11h,11ah-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-1,2-dione |
| DTXSID701261036 |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| 3-hydroxy steroid | Any hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 3. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (100.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (12.37) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 0 (0.00%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 7 (100.00%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||