Target type: molecularfunction
Binding to a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. [GOC:mah]
Polysaccharide binding refers to the specific interaction of proteins, enzymes, or other molecules with polysaccharides. These interactions are crucial for a wide range of biological processes, including:
* **Cell adhesion and recognition:** Polysaccharide binding proteins mediate cell-cell interactions and adhesion to extracellular matrices.
* **Immune response:** Polysaccharides on the surface of pathogens are recognized by immune cells through polysaccharide-binding proteins, triggering immune responses.
* **Nutrient uptake and metabolism:** Polysaccharide binding proteins facilitate the uptake and breakdown of polysaccharides as energy sources.
* **Signal transduction:** Polysaccharide binding can initiate signaling cascades, regulating cellular processes.
* **Structural integrity:** Polysaccharides provide structural support in tissues and organisms, and their interaction with proteins is crucial for maintaining this structure.
The specific molecular function of polysaccharide binding depends on the involved molecules and their binding sites. Generally, these interactions involve non-covalent bonds, such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic interactions. The affinity and specificity of these interactions are determined by the shape, charge, and chemical properties of the binding sites.
Polysaccharide binding proteins often have specific domains or motifs that are dedicated to recognizing and interacting with specific polysaccharide structures. These domains can bind to a variety of polysaccharides, including:
* **Glycogen:** A branched polymer of glucose, important for energy storage.
* **Chitin:** A linear polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans.
* **Cellulose:** A linear polymer of glucose, found in plant cell walls.
* **Hyaluronic acid:** A linear polymer of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, a major component of extracellular matrices.
* **Heparin:** A highly sulfated polysaccharide, involved in blood clotting and other processes.
The study of polysaccharide binding is crucial for understanding the complex interactions between biomolecules and the roles they play in a wide range of biological processes.'
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Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
---|---|---|
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 | An ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q13822] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Glycogen debranching enzyme | A glycogen debranching enzyme that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P35573] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1 | An ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P22413] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
evans blue | Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence. Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly. | organic sodium salt | fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
congo red | Congo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0. Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS. | bis(azo) compound | |
1-deoxynojirimycin | 1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration. | 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol; piperidine alkaloid | anti-HIV agent; anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
miglustat | miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group. miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor | piperidines; tertiary amino compound | anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor |
benzeneboronic acid | boronic acids | ||
alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate | alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate: do not confuse with beta,gamma-methylene ATP; RN given refers to parent cpd | nucleoside triphosphate analogue | |
adenosine 5'-methylenediphosphate | nucleoside diphosphate analogue | ||
3-aminobenzeneboronic acid | |||
3'-o-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate | 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate: purinergic receptors agonist; structure given in first source | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate | |
methylthio-adp | |||
2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine | 2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine: structure given in first source | dihydroxypyrrolidine | |
1,4-dideoxy-1,4-iminoarabinitol | 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-iminoarabinitol: RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha))-isomer; structure given in first source | ||
dioctanoylphosphatidic acid | dioctanoylphosphatidic acid: structure given in first source | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate; octanoate ester | |
migalastat | migalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis | piperidines | |
4-methoxyphenylboronic acid | 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid: structure in first source | ||
2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-d-glucitol | 2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-glucitol: structure in first source | ||
1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol | |||
Reactive blue 2 | anthraquinone | ||
2-methylthio-atp | 2-methylthio-ATP: purinergic receptors agonist; relaxes mammalian gut preparations; structure given in first source | ||
lysophosphatidic acid | 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate : A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having oleoyl as the 1-O-acyl group. lysophosphatidic acid : A member of the class of lysophosphatidic acids obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid. A 'closed' class. lysophosphatidic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | |
ubistatin a | ubistatin A: inhibits cyclin B proteolysis and degradation of ubiquitinated Sic1; structure in first source | ||
adenosine 5'-diphosphate 2',3'-dialdehyde | |||
salacinol | salacinol: a sulfated thiosugar from Salacia reticulata (CELASTRACEAE); structure in first source | ||
n-(5-adamantane-1-yl-methoxy-pentyl)deoxynojirimycin | |||
ursodoxicoltaurine | tauroursodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of tauroursodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3. tauroursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursoodeoxycholic acid. | bile acid taurine conjugate | anti-inflammatory agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
arl-67156 | 6-N,N-diethyl-beta,gamma-dibromomethylene-D-ATP: an inhibitor of ecto-ATPase | ||
l-altro-1-deoxynojirimycin | L-altro-1-deoxynojirimycin: structure in first source | ||
pf 8380 | |||
neosalacinol | |||
ono-8430506 | ONO-8430506: an autotaxin inhibitor; structure in first source |