inosine biosynthetic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inosine, hypoxanthine riboside, a nucleoside found free but not in combination in nucleic acids except in the anticodons of some tRNAs. [GOC:go_curators]

Inosine biosynthesis is a crucial metabolic pathway responsible for the production of inosine, a purine nucleoside that serves as a precursor for both adenosine and guanosine. This process begins with the conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine by the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Hypoxanthine, in turn, is generated through the deamination of adenine by adenosine deaminase. The reaction catalyzed by IMPDH involves the oxidation of hypoxanthine monophosphate (IMP) to xanthine monophosphate (XMP), followed by the reduction of XMP to inosine monophosphate (IMP). This multi-step process requires the participation of NAD+ as an electron acceptor and a proton donor. The resulting IMP is then dephosphorylated by 5'-nucleotidase to yield inosine. Inosine can be further metabolized to adenosine through the action of adenosine kinase, which phosphorylates inosine to inosine monophosphate. Inosine biosynthesis is tightly regulated to ensure an adequate supply of purine nucleotides for DNA and RNA synthesis, as well as for other cellular processes. Dysregulation of inosine biosynthesis can contribute to various diseases, including cancer and immune disorders.'
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Proteins (4)

Compounds (32)