Page last updated: 2024-10-24

glucosylceramide catabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group. [GOC:ai]

Glucosylceramide catabolic process is a complex biochemical pathway that involves the breakdown of glucosylceramide (GlcCer), a sphingolipid found in the cell membrane. GlcCer is composed of a glucose molecule linked to a ceramide molecule. The breakdown of GlcCer is essential for maintaining cell membrane integrity and for proper cellular function. The process begins with the hydrolysis of GlcCer by the enzyme glucosylceramidase (also known as beta-glucosidase), which removes the glucose molecule from the ceramide. The resulting ceramide can then be further metabolized through various pathways, leading to the production of free fatty acids, sphingosine, and other metabolites. Deficiency in glucosylceramidase activity can lead to the accumulation of GlcCer in cells, which can cause various disorders, including Gaucher disease. The breakdown of GlcCer is also important for the regulation of signaling pathways involved in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. This process is tightly regulated by various factors, including the availability of substrates, the activity of enzymes involved, and the expression of genes involved in the pathway.'
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Proteins (5)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Lysosomal acid glucosylceramidaseA lysosomal acid glucosylceramidase that is encoded in the genome of cow. [OMA:Q2KHZ8, PRO:DNx]Bos taurus (cattle)
Non-lysosomal glucosylceramidaseA non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9HCG7]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic beta-glucosidaseA cytosolic beta-glucosidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9H227]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic beta-glucosidaseA cytosolic beta-glucosidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9H227]Homo sapiens (human)
Lysosomal acid glucosylceramidaseA lysosomal acid glucosylceramidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P04062]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (49)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
ambroxolAmbroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.aromatic amine
beta-glucono-1,5-lactonebeta-glucono-1,5-lactone: structure

D-glucono-1,5-lactone : An aldono-1,5-lactone obtained from D-gluconic acid.
aldono-1,5-lactone;
gluconolactone
animal metabolite;
mouse metabolite
1-deoxynojirimycin1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source

duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration.
2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol;
piperidine alkaloid
anti-HIV agent;
anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
miglustatmiglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.

miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound
anti-HIV agent;
EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
castanosperminecastanospermine : A tetrahydroxyindolizidine alkaloid that consists of octahydroindolizine having four hydroxy substituents located at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 (the 1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR-diastereomer).

castanospermine: indolizidine alkaloid from seeds of Australian legume, Castanospermum australe
indolizidine alkaloidanti-HIV-1 agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
n-phenylphthalimideN-phenylphthalimide: structure given in first source
fagominefagomine: structure in first sourcepiperidines
N-Benzylphthalimideisoindoles
1-(10h-phenothiazin-2-yl)ethanone1-(10H-phenothiazin-2-yl)ethanone: structure in first sourcephenothiazines
mor-14N-methyldeoxynojirimycin: glucosidase inhibitorhydroxypiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound
anti-HIV agent;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxy-nor-tropanecalystegine B(2): RN given for (2-endo,3-exo,4-endo)-isomer; structure in first source
2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine: structure given in first sourcedihydroxypyrrolidine
homonojirimycinhomonojirimycin: inhibits alpha-glucosidase; RN given for (2R-(2alpha,3alpha,4beta,5alpha,6beta))-isomer; structure in first source
cyclophellitolcyclophellitol: structure given in first source; isolated from Phellinus sp.
migalastatmigalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesispiperidines
calystegine a3calystegine A3: also inhibits beta-xylosidase; structure in first source
miglitolpiperidines
2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-d-glucitol2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-glucitol: structure in first source
validaminevalidamine : An amino cyclitol consisting of 1D-chiro-inositol lacking the 6-hydroxy group and having those at positions 1 and 5 replaced by amino and hydroxymethyl groups respectively.

validamine: RN given from CA Index Guide; RN not in Chemline 11/84; structure given in first source
amino cyclitol
isofagominepiperidines
1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol
n-nonyl-1-deoxynojirimycinN-nonyldeoxynojirimycin : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin (duvoglustat) in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a nonyl group.hydroxypiperidine;
tertiary amino compound
antiviral agent;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.45 (glucosylceramidase) inhibitor
1-(1-benzimidazolyl)-3-(1-cyclohex-3-enylmethoxy)-2-propanolbenzimidazoles
2-(2-phenylethylthio)-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidaromatic carboxylic acid;
pyridines
4-(2-furanylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thionebenzenes
2-[[4-(4-chloroanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanoldialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
4-(benzenesulfonamido)-N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzamidesulfonamide
tamoxifenstilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound
angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
4-oxido-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydroquinoxalin-1-ium 1-oxidearomatic ether
2-[[4-(3-methylanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanoldialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
N-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-(pyridin-3-yl)quinazolin-4-amineN-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-(pyridin-3-yl)quinazolin-4-amine : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted by a pyridin-3-yl group and a (1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)nitrilo group at positions 2 and 4, respectively.aromatic amine;
piperidines;
pyridines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound
N-[4-methyl-2-(4-morpholinyl)-6-quinolinyl]cyclohexanecarboxamideaminoquinoline
n-(5-adamantane-1-yl-methoxy-pentyl)deoxynojirimycin
ogt2378sinbaglustat: an antineopl agent; structure in first source
nnc 26-9100NNC 26-9100: structure in first sourceaminopyridine
3-epi-fagomine3-epi-fagomine : A member of the class of hydroxypiperidines that is piperidine carrying a hydroxymethyl substituent at position 2 as well as two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 (the 2R,3R,4S-diastereomer).amino monosaccharide;
hydroxypiperidine;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
triol
EC 3.2.1.10 (oligo-1,6-glucosidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.23 (beta-galactosidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
l-altro-1-deoxynojirimycinL-altro-1-deoxynojirimycin: structure in first source
2-[[4-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]anilino]-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolaromatic ether
2-[[4-(5-chloro-2-methoxyanilino)-6-(1-piperidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolmethoxybenzenes;
substituted aniline
2-[[4-(4-methylanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanoldialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
2-[[4-(2-chloroanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanoldialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
2-[[4-(2-methoxyanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolmethoxybenzenes;
substituted aniline
2-[[4-(3-methoxyanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolmethoxybenzenes;
substituted aniline
2-[[4-(4-methoxyanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolmethoxybenzenes;
substituted aniline
2-[[4-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]phenoldialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
2-[[4-(2-phenoxyanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolaromatic ether
2-[[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)anilino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolaromatic ether
2-[[4-(5-chloro-2-ethoxyanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolaromatic ether
2-[[4-(5-chloro-2-propan-2-yloxyanilino)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]ethanolaromatic ether