Gene Targets > alpha-glucosidase activity
Page last updated: 2024-10-24

alpha-glucosidase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-linked alpha-D-glucose residue with release of alpha-D-glucose. [GOC:tb]

Alpha-glucosidase activity refers to the enzymatic hydrolysis of the alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage in polysaccharides, specifically those containing glucose. This hydrolysis process releases glucose monomers from the non-reducing end of the polysaccharide chain. Alpha-glucosidases are crucial for the breakdown of carbohydrates like starch and glycogen into smaller, absorbable sugars. They play a key role in the digestion of dietary carbohydrates and the regulation of blood glucose levels. The active site of alpha-glucosidases typically contains an acidic residue that acts as a proton donor to facilitate the hydrolysis reaction. The mechanism involves a two-step process: first, the enzyme binds to the substrate and forms a covalent intermediate with the glycosidic bond. Subsequently, water is utilized to cleave the intermediate, releasing glucose and regenerating the free enzyme. Alpha-glucosidases exhibit varying degrees of specificity toward different substrates, depending on the enzyme's structure and active site.'
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Proteins (3)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Lysosomal alpha-glucosidaseA lysosomal alpha-glucosidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P10253]Homo sapiens (human)
Neutral alpha-glucosidase ABA neutral alpha-glucosidase AB that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q14697]Homo sapiens (human)
Lysosomal alpha-glucosidaseA lysosomal alpha-glucosidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P10253]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (40)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
cisapridecisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.

Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)		benzamides
n-methyldeoxynojirimycinN-methyl-1-deoxynojirimycin : A hydroxypiperidine that is duvoglustat in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a methyl group. It is an inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase, an agonist of the glucose sensor SGLT3 and exhibits anti-HIV activity.
2,4-thiazolidinedione1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione : A thiazolidenedione carrying oxo substituents at positions 2 and 4.

thiazolidine-2,4-dione: structure in first source		thiazolidenedione
methyl acetoacetatemethyl acetoacetate: structureoxo carboxylic acid
diethyl malonatediethyl malonate: isomer of diethylmalonic acid; one of most used compounds in drug synthesis, don't confuse with ethylmalonic aciddicarboxylic acid
orcinolorcinol : A 5-alkylresorcinol in which the alkyl group is specified as methyl.

orcinol: used as reagent for pentoses, lignin, beet sugar, saccharoses, arabinose & diastase; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		5-alkylresorcinol;
dihydroxytoluene		Aspergillus metabolite
1-deoxynojirimycin1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source

duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration.		2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol;
piperidine alkaloid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
acarbosetetrasaccharide derivativeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
miglustatmiglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.

miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor		piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
orsellinic acido-orsellinic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by a methyl group.

orsellinic acid: from the Sonoran desert endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum; structure in first source		dihydroxybenzoic acid;
resorcinols		fungal metabolite;
marine metabolite;
metabolite
labetalol hydrochloridesalicylamides
(-)-catechin(-)-catechin : The (-)-enantiomer of catechin.catechinmetabolite
mor-14N-methyldeoxynojirimycin: glucosidase inhibitorhydroxypiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
terphenyllinterphenyllin : A para-terphenyl that is 1,1':4',1''-terphenyl substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 6' and hydroxy groups at positions 2', 4 and 4''. It has been isolated from Aspergillus taichungensis.

terphenyllin: novel p-terphenyl metabolite from Aspergillus candidus		dimethoxybenzene;
para-terphenyl;
phenols		Aspergillus metabolite;
mycotoxin
homonojirimycinhomonojirimycin: inhibits alpha-glucosidase; RN given for (2R-(2alpha,3alpha,4beta,5alpha,6beta))-isomer; structure in first source
valiolaminevaliolamine: isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus; RN from CA Index; RN not in Chemline 2/85
migalastatmigalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesispiperidines
3-hydroxyterphenyllin3-hydroxyterphenyllin : A para-terphenyl that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of terphenyllin. It has been isolated from Aspergillus taichungensis.

3-hydroxyterphenyllin: metabolite of Aspergillus candidus; structure		catechols;
dimethoxybenzene;
para-terphenyl		Aspergillus metabolite
miglitolpiperidines
ao 128AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first sourceorganic molecular entity
acarboseamino cyclitol;
glycoside
2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-d-glucitol2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-glucitol: structure in first source
2-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-1-(4-bromophenyl)ethanonearomatic ketoneanticoronaviral agent
trisindolinetrisindoline: an antibiotic indole trimer, produced by Vibrio separated from the marine sponge Hyrtios altum; structure given in first source
quercetin7-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
baicaleintrihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
mangostinalpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.

mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit		aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin: possess strong antioxidant and radical scavenging activities; structure in first sourcehydroxycoumarin
gamma-mangostingamma-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antitumour activity.phenols;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor
beta-Mangostinxanthones
9-Hydroxycalabaxanthonexanthones
n-(5-adamantane-1-yl-methoxy-pentyl)deoxynojirimycin
3-o-methylfunicone3-O-methylfunicone: derived from Penicillium pinophilum; structure in first source
l-altro-1-deoxynojirimycinL-altro-1-deoxynojirimycin: structure in first source
sch 725680Sch 725680: an aazaphilone from Aspergillus sp.; structure in first source
5-[[4-(4-acetylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]sulfonyl]-1,3-dihydroindol-2-onearomatic ketone
aspernolide aaspernolide A: structure in first source
5-[[4-(4-acetylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]sulfonyl]-3,3-dichloro-1H-indol-2-onearomatic ketone
aspulvinone E4-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one : A member of the class of butenolides that is furan-2(5H)-one substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl, hydroxy and 4-hydroxybenzylidene groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.

aspulvinone E : A 4-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one in which the double bond adopts a Z-configuration. It is a marine metabolite isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus and exhibits antiviral activity.		4-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one;
aspulvinone		antiviral agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
marine metabolite
pinophilin bpinophilin B: from cultures of a fungus (Penicillium pinophilum Hedgcok) derived from a seaweed; structure in first source
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