serine-type peptidase complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A protein complex which is capable of serine-type peptidase activity. [GO_REF:0000088, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18640965]

Serine-type peptidase complexes are multi-protein assemblies that play crucial roles in a wide range of cellular processes, including protein degradation, signal transduction, and cell adhesion. These complexes are characterized by the presence of at least one serine protease, which is an enzyme that cleaves peptide bonds using a catalytic serine residue. The specific cellular component of a serine-type peptidase complex can vary depending on its function and location within the cell.

**Common components of serine-type peptidase complexes:**

* **Serine Proteases:** These are the catalytic core of the complex, responsible for cleaving peptide bonds. Examples include trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, and thrombin.
* **Chaperones:** Chaperones assist in the proper folding and assembly of the protease complex, preventing misfolding and aggregation. Examples include heat shock proteins (Hsp) and chaperonins.
* **Regulatory Proteins:** These proteins modulate the activity of the protease complex, often by binding to the protease and controlling its access to substrates. Examples include inhibitors, activators, and cofactors.
* **Scaffolding Proteins:** Scaffolding proteins provide a structural framework for the complex, bringing together the different components in a specific arrangement.
* **Membrane-associated proteins:** Some serine-type peptidase complexes are associated with membranes, particularly those involved in extracellular processes. These membrane proteins anchor the complex to the membrane and may provide additional regulatory functions.

**Cellular locations of serine-type peptidase complexes:**

* **Cytoplasm:** Many serine-type peptidase complexes are located in the cytoplasm, where they participate in protein degradation and other intracellular processes.
* **Lysosomes:** Lysosomes are organelles that contain a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, including serine proteases, which are involved in the breakdown of cellular waste products.
* **Extracellular matrix:** Some serine-type peptidase complexes are found in the extracellular matrix, where they play roles in cell adhesion, tissue remodeling, and immune responses.
* **Plasma membrane:** Serine-type peptidase complexes associated with the plasma membrane are involved in signaling pathways and cell-cell interactions.

**Examples of specific serine-type peptidase complexes:**

* **Proteasome:** A large, multi-protein complex that degrades ubiquitinated proteins in the cytoplasm.
* **Coagulation cascade:** A series of serine proteases involved in blood clotting.
* **Complement system:** A series of serine proteases involved in the immune response.
* **Degradation of extracellular matrix components:** Serine proteases involved in breaking down the extracellular matrix, such as collagen and elastin.

The precise cellular component of a serine-type peptidase complex is determined by its specific function and cellular location. However, the general components and functions described above provide a framework for understanding the diversity and importance of these complexes in cellular processes.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (45)