cellular response to amine stimulus

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. [GOC:mah]

Cellular response to amine stimulus is a complex process that involves a cascade of signaling events triggered by the binding of an amine molecule to its specific receptor on the cell surface. This binding event initiates a series of intracellular signaling pathways, leading to a variety of cellular responses, including changes in gene expression, protein synthesis, cell growth, and cell death.

Amine molecules are a diverse group of organic compounds that contain a nitrogen atom attached to a carbon atom. Some common examples of amines include serotonin, dopamine, histamine, and epinephrine. These amines act as neurotransmitters, hormones, or signaling molecules in various physiological processes.

The process of cellular response to amine stimulus can be broadly divided into the following steps:

1. **Binding of amine to its receptor:** The initial step involves the binding of an amine molecule to its specific receptor on the cell surface. These receptors are typically transmembrane proteins with an extracellular domain that binds the amine and an intracellular domain that initiates signal transduction.

2. **Activation of signal transduction pathways:** Upon binding of the amine, the receptor undergoes a conformational change, activating a series of intracellular signaling pathways. These pathways often involve a cascade of protein kinases and phosphatases, which modify the activity of downstream target proteins.

3. **Changes in gene expression:** The activation of signaling pathways can lead to changes in gene expression, resulting in the synthesis of new proteins that mediate the cellular response to the amine stimulus. This change in gene expression can be regulated by transcription factors, which bind to specific DNA sequences and control the rate of transcription.

4. **Cellular responses:** The altered gene expression and protein activity can lead to a variety of cellular responses, including changes in cell shape, motility, metabolism, and secretion. These responses can be short-term, such as the release of neurotransmitters, or long-term, such as changes in cell differentiation or growth.

5. **Termination of the response:** The cellular response to amine stimulus is typically transient and is eventually terminated by various mechanisms. These mechanisms can include receptor desensitization, degradation of the amine, or removal of the amine from the synapse.

The cellular response to amine stimulus is a highly regulated process that plays a critical role in a wide range of physiological processes. Dysregulation of this process can contribute to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular response to amine stimulus is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies for these diseases.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (56)