NAD+- protein-aspartate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartyl-[protein] + NAD+ = 4-O-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-aspartyl-[protein] + nicotinamide. [PMID:19764761, PMID:25043379, RHEA:54424]

NAD+-protein-aspartate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity is a molecular function that describes the catalytic activity of enzymes that transfer an ADP-ribose moiety from NAD+ to an aspartate residue on a target protein. This transfer reaction results in the covalent modification of the target protein, altering its structure and function. This modification can have diverse effects on the protein, including:

* **Activation or Inhibition:** ADP-ribosylation can modulate the activity of the target protein, either activating or inhibiting it.
* **Altering Protein-Protein Interactions:** The addition of an ADP-ribose moiety can create a new binding site on the protein, influencing its interactions with other proteins.
* **Localization:** ADP-ribosylation can affect the cellular localization of the target protein.
* **Signal Transduction:** ADP-ribosylation can play a role in signal transduction pathways, influencing cellular responses to various stimuli.

This molecular function is crucial for a range of cellular processes, including DNA repair, immune regulation, apoptosis, and neuronal signaling. For instance, ADP-ribosylation is involved in the activation of PARP enzymes, which are key players in DNA damage repair. Moreover, ADP-ribosylation plays a role in immune responses by modulating the activity of immune cells.

Overall, NAD+-protein-aspartate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity is a highly regulated and versatile molecular function that contributes to a wide range of essential cellular processes.'
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Proteins (6)

Compounds (55)