vacuolar sequestering

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The process of transporting a substance into, and confining within, a vacuole. [GOC:jl]

Vacuolar sequestering is a cellular process involving the selective encapsulation of cellular components within vacuoles, effectively isolating them from the rest of the cytoplasm. These vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells, and their primary function is to maintain cellular homeostasis. During vacuolar sequestering, target molecules or organelles are recognized and tagged with specific protein signals, which act as "flags" for the cellular machinery. These tagged components are then transported to the vacuole membrane, where they are enveloped by the vacuolar membrane. The vacuole then detaches from the cytoplasm, encapsulating the sequestered material within its lumen. Once inside the vacuole, the sequestered components can be degraded by hydrolytic enzymes, a process known as autophagy. This degradation serves to remove damaged or unwanted components from the cell, helping to maintain cellular function and prevent the accumulation of harmful substances. Vacuolar sequestering plays crucial roles in various cellular processes, including:

* **Removal of damaged organelles:** During stress or aging, cellular components can become damaged. Vacuolar sequestering allows for the selective removal and degradation of these damaged organelles, preventing their malfunction and potentially harmful effects on the cell.
* **Nutrient recycling:** Vacuolar sequestering can also be used to recycle cellular components that are no longer needed. For instance, during starvation, cells can break down their own organelles to obtain essential nutrients.
* **Defense against pathogens:** Some pathogens can invade cells and disrupt cellular functions. Vacuolar sequestering can act as a defense mechanism by encapsulating and degrading invading pathogens, limiting their spread and infection.
* **Regulation of cellular processes:** Vacuolization, the formation of vacuoles, and their subsequent sequestering of specific cellular components can influence various cellular processes, such as protein synthesis, signaling pathways, and cellular growth.

The precise mechanism of vacuolar sequestering can vary depending on the specific cellular context and the target components. However, the general principles of selective recognition, tagging, transport, and encapsulation remain consistent. This process is vital for maintaining cellular health, function, and survival.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (41)