antibacterial peptide secretion

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The regulated release of an antibacterial peptide from a cell or a tissue. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:11807545, PMID:15638771]

Antibacterial peptide secretion is a complex process that involves the synthesis, processing, and release of antimicrobial peptides from host cells. These peptides play a crucial role in the innate immune response, providing a first line of defense against bacterial infections. The process typically starts with the transcription and translation of the antibacterial peptide gene. The resulting precursor peptide often contains a signal sequence, which directs its transport across the cell membrane into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Within the ER, the precursor peptide undergoes post-translational modifications, such as cleavage of the signal sequence and folding into its active conformation. Subsequently, the mature peptide is packaged into vesicles and transported through the Golgi apparatus, where it may undergo further modifications. Finally, the vesicles containing the antibacterial peptides fuse with the plasma membrane and release their cargo into the extracellular space. This process can occur via various mechanisms, including exocytosis, where the vesicles release their contents directly into the external environment. Alternatively, peptides can be released via non-classical secretion pathways, such as the transmembrane secretion or the formation of membrane pores. These antimicrobial peptides can then directly interact with and disrupt bacterial cell membranes, interfering with bacterial growth and survival. The specific mechanism of action varies depending on the peptide, but often involves the formation of pores in the bacterial membrane, disrupting its integrity and leading to cell lysis. The secretion of these peptides is tightly regulated to ensure efficient elimination of invading bacteria while minimizing damage to host cells. The process is influenced by various factors, including the type of bacteria, the host cell type, and the presence of other immune signaling molecules.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (35)