Page last updated: 2024-10-24

retinol binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to retinol, vitamin A1, 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona-1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene, one of the three components that makes up vitamin A. Retinol is an intermediate in the vision cycle and it also plays a role in growth and differentiation. [GOC:curators]

Retinol binding is a crucial process in the transport, storage, and utilization of retinol (vitamin A), a vital nutrient for vision, growth, and immune function. Retinol, a lipid-soluble molecule, is transported in the bloodstream bound to retinol-binding proteins (RBPs), specifically Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4). This interaction is characterized by high affinity and specificity, ensuring that retinol remains protected from degradation and is delivered to target tissues. Upon reaching its destination, RBP4 binds to a cellular receptor known as STRA6 (stimulated by retinoic acid 6). This interaction facilitates the transfer of retinol from RBP4 to the cell's interior, where it can be further metabolized into retinaldehyde and retinoic acid, both essential for various biological processes. Retinaldehyde plays a critical role in vision by converting light energy into a signal that is transmitted to the brain. Retinoic acid, a potent regulator of gene expression, is involved in cell growth, differentiation, and development. Therefore, retinol binding is a fundamental step in the bioavailability and physiological functions of vitamin A, ultimately contributing to maintaining health and well-being.'
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Proteins (7)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Beta-lactoglobulinA glycodelin that is encoded in the genome of cow. [OMA:P02754, PRO:DNx]Bos taurus (cattle)
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1A cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of chicken. [OMA:P40220, PRO:DNx]Gallus gallus (chicken)
All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NADAn all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH7 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P40394]Homo sapiens (human)
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2A cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P29373]Homo sapiens (human)
All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH4An all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH4 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P08319]Homo sapiens (human)
Retinol-binding protein 4A retinol-binding protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P02753]Homo sapiens (human)
Lecithin retinol acyltransferaseA lecithin retinol acyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O95237]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (18)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
tetramethylene sulfoxidetetrahydrothiophenes
framycetinframycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.

Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
aminoglycosideallergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite
isovaleramideisovaleramide: inhibits liver alcohol dehydrogenases
n-cyclohexylformamidealicyclic compound;
formamides
mouse metabolite
neamineneamine : 2-Deoxy-D-streptamine glycosylated at the 4-oxygen with a 6-amino-alpha-D-glucosaminyl group.

neamine: fragment of NEOMYCIN B; structure in first source
2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucoside;
aminoglycoside
antibacterial agent
n-benzylformamideformamides
4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-anthracenyl)benzoic acid
6-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-6-naphthyl)-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid6-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-6-naphthyl)-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid: reverses keratinization process in hamster tracheal organ culture; inhibits induction of ornithine decarboxylase; structure & RN given in first source; RN not in Chemline 12/5/83
tretinoinall-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.

retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).

Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).
retinoic acid;
vitamin A
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
retinolall-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.

retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).

vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.

Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.
retinol;
vitamin A
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
alitretinoinAlitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
metabolite;
retinoid X receptor agonist
isotretinoinisotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.

Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.
retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
fenretinide4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.

Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.
monocarboxylic acid amide;
retinoid
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source

arotinoid acid : A retinoid that consists of benzoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a synthetic retinoid that acts as a selective agonist for the retinoic acid receptors (RAR).
benzoic acids;
naphthalenes;
retinoid
antineoplastic agent;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
teratogenic agent
n-(2-hydroxyethyl)retinamideN-(2-hydroxyethyl)retinamide: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation
agn 190205AGN 190205: inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation; structure in first source
tafamidistafamidis : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazole-6-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. Used (as its meglumine salt) for the amelioration of transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis.

tafamidis: may be effective in treating transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy
1,3-benzoxazoles;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid
central nervous system drug
idarucizumab