L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Enables the transfer of L-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-glutamate is the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid. [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]

L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity is a molecular function that describes the movement of L-glutamate across cellular membranes. This process is essential for a variety of physiological functions, including neuronal signaling, nutrient uptake, and detoxification. L-glutamate transporters are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the movement of L-glutamate against its concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP. These transporters exhibit high specificity for L-glutamate, distinguishing it from other amino acids and other molecules. The transport process can be bidirectional, with the direction of transport being influenced by the concentration gradients of L-glutamate and other ions. For example, in neurons, L-glutamate transporters remove L-glutamate from the synaptic cleft after neurotransmission, thus terminating the signal and preventing excitotoxicity. In other cells, these transporters are responsible for L-glutamate uptake, supplying the cell with this crucial amino acid for various metabolic processes. The malfunction of these transporters can lead to various neurological disorders, highlighting their critical role in maintaining proper neuronal function. In summary, L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity is a vital process that contributes to the delicate balance of glutamate levels within and between cells, ensuring proper neuronal signaling and overall cellular function.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (17)