D-serine catabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-serine, the D-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid. [GOC:imk]

D-serine catabolism is a crucial metabolic pathway that involves the breakdown of D-serine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid with diverse biological roles. This process is primarily catalyzed by the enzyme D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), which is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, liver, and kidneys.

The catabolic pathway begins with DAAO oxidizing D-serine to generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and imino pyruvate. Imino pyruvate is then rapidly hydrolyzed by the enzyme imino pyruvate ammonia lyase (IPL) to form pyruvate and ammonia.

D-serine catabolism plays a critical role in regulating the levels of D-serine in the brain and other tissues. D-serine is a co-agonist of the NMDA receptor, a key glutamate receptor involved in synaptic plasticity and learning. Therefore, regulating D-serine levels via catabolic pathways is essential for maintaining neuronal function and cognitive processes.

The D-serine catabolic pathway can be influenced by various factors, including diet, stress, and medications. For instance, consuming high-protein diets can increase D-serine levels, potentially leading to increased D-serine catabolism. Conversely, certain medications, like the antidepressant D-cycloserine, can inhibit DAAO activity, thereby increasing D-serine levels.

Overall, D-serine catabolism is a complex metabolic pathway with significant implications for brain function and overall health. Understanding the factors that influence this process is crucial for developing effective strategies for managing neurological disorders and optimizing brain health.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (33)