Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Gluconeogenesis

Proteins (29)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrialmAspAT; EC 2.6.1.1; EC 2.6.1.7; Fatty acid-binding protein; FABP-1; Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 2; Kynurenine aminotransferase 4; Kynurenine aminotransferase IV; Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 4; Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase IV; PlHomo sapiens (human)
Gamma-enolaseEC 4.2.1.11; 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; Enolase 2; Neural enolase; Neuron-specific enolase; NSEHomo sapiens (human)
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase AEC 4.1.2.13; Lung cancer antigen NY-LU-1; Muscle-type aldolaseHomo sapiens (human)
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseGAPDH; EC 1.2.1.12; Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH; 2.6.99.-Homo sapiens (human)
Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 EC 2.7.2.3; Cell migration-inducing gene 10 protein; Primer recognition protein 2; PRP 2Homo sapiens (human)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrialPEPCK-M; EC 4.1.1.32Homo sapiens (human)
Glucose-6-phosphate isomeraseGPI; EC 5.3.1.9; Autocrine motility factor; AMF; Neuroleukin; NLK; Phosphoglucose isomerase; PGI; Phosphohexose isomerase; PHI; Sperm antigen 36; SA-36Homo sapiens (human)
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase CEC 4.1.2.13; Brain-type aldolaseHomo sapiens (human)
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1FBPase 1; EC 3.1.3.11; D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase 1; Liver FBPaseHomo sapiens (human)
Glucose-6-phosphataseG-6-Pase; G6Pase; EC 3.1.3.9; Glucose-6-phosphatase alpha; G6Pase-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
Triosephosphate isomeraseTIM; EC 5.3.1.1; Methylglyoxal synthase; 4.2.3.3; Triose-phosphate isomeraseHomo sapiens (human)
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmiccAspAT; EC 2.6.1.1; EC 2.6.1.3; Cysteine aminotransferase, cytoplasmic; Cysteine transaminase, cytoplasmic; cCAT; Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1; Transaminase AHomo sapiens (human)
Alpha-enolaseEC 4.2.1.11; 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; C-myc promoter-binding protein; Enolase 1; MBP-1; MPB-1; Non-neural enolase; NNE; Phosphopyruvate hydratase; Plasminogen-binding proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrialEC 1.1.1.37Homo sapiens (human)
Phosphoglycerate mutase 1EC 5.4.2.11; EC 5.4.2.4; BPG-dependent PGAM 1; Phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme B; PGAM-BHomo sapiens (human)
Phosphoglycerate kinase 2EC 2.7.2.3; Phosphoglycerate kinase, testis specificHomo sapiens (human)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]PEPCK-C; EC 4.1.1.32; Serine-protein kinase PCK1; 2.7.11.-Homo sapiens (human)
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase BEC 4.1.2.13; Liver-type aldolaseHomo sapiens (human)
Glucose-6-phosphate exchanger SLC37A4Glucose-5-phosphate transporter; Glucose-6-phosphate translocase; Solute carrier family 37 member 4; Transformation-related gene 19 protein; TRG-19Homo sapiens (human)
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmicEC 1.1.1.37; Cytosolic malate dehydrogenase; Diiodophenylpyruvate reductase; 1.1.1.96Homo sapiens (human)
Beta-enolaseEC 4.2.1.11; 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; Enolase 3; Muscle-specific enolase; MSE; Skeletal muscle enolaseHomo sapiens (human)
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specificEC 1.2.1.12; Spermatogenic cell-specific glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2; GAPDH-2; Spermatogenic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseHomo sapiens (human)
Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrialEC 6.4.1.1; Pyruvic carboxylase; PCBHomo sapiens (human)
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase isozyme 2FBPase 2; EC 3.1.3.11; D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase 2; Muscle FBPaseHomo sapiens (human)
Phosphoglycerate mutase 2EC 5.4.2.11; EC 5.4.2.4; BPG-dependent PGAM 2; Muscle-specific phosphoglycerate mutase; Phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme M; PGAM-MHomo sapiens (human)
Mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate/malate carrier proteinOGCP; Solute carrier family 25 member 11Homo sapiens (human)
Glucose-6-phosphatase 3G-6-Pase 3; G6Pase 3; EC 3.1.3.9; Glucose-6-phosphatase beta; G6Pase-beta; Ubiquitous glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Glucose-6-phosphatase 2G-6-Pase 2; G6Pase 2; EC 3.1.3.9; Islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrierSolute carrier family 25 member 10Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (23)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
NADH
ManganeseA trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
Orthophosphate
Aspartate
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
hydrogen carbonate
MagnesiumA metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Guanosine MonophosphateA guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.
Guanosine DiphosphateA guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.
Pyruvic AcidAn intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
adenosine monophosphateAdenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.
nadA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
alpha-Ketoglutarate
OxaloacetateAn anionic form of oxaloacetic acid.
glutamate
fructose-1,6-diphosphateRN refers to (D)-isomer
adenosine triphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
Acetyl Coenzyme AAcetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.
glycerate 1,3-biphosphate
glucoseA primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.