virion binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a virion, either by binding to components of the capsid or the viral envelope. [GOC:ai]

Virion binding is a molecular function that describes the ability of a protein or other molecule to interact with and bind to a virion, which is the complete, infectious form of a virus. This binding can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including:

* **Direct interaction with viral surface proteins:** Many proteins, such as antibodies, receptors, and antiviral proteins, directly bind to viral surface proteins, such as glycoproteins or capsid proteins. These interactions can block viral entry into cells, neutralize the virus, or trigger immune responses.
* **Binding to viral nucleic acids:** Some proteins can bind to the viral genome, either DNA or RNA, and interfere with viral replication or transcription.
* **Interaction with viral lipids:** Certain proteins or molecules can bind to the lipid envelope of enveloped viruses, disrupting the viral membrane and preventing infection.

The molecular function of virion binding is crucial in the context of viral infection and immune responses. It plays a role in:

* **Viral entry into cells:** Binding of viral surface proteins to host cell receptors is essential for the entry of the virus into the cell.
* **Viral neutralization:** Antibodies and other immune factors can bind to virions, neutralizing them and preventing infection.
* **Viral replication:** Some proteins involved in virion binding can interfere with viral replication processes.
* **Immune recognition:** Viral components, such as surface proteins, can be recognized by the immune system through virion binding.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms of virion binding is vital for developing antiviral therapies and vaccines. By targeting specific interactions between virions and host cells, it is possible to block viral entry, inhibit viral replication, or enhance immune responses.'
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Proteins (4)

Compounds (88)