Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the extension of the 3' end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time. Cannot initiate a chain de novo; uses the RNA subunit of the telomerase enzyme complex as its template. [EC:2.7.7.49, PMID:11812242]
Telomerase RNA reverse transcriptase activity is a critical enzymatic function responsible for maintaining the integrity of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein complex, utilizes a specialized RNA component (TERC) as a template to synthesize DNA repeats (TTAGGG in humans) at the ends of chromosomes, known as telomeres. This process, termed telomere elongation, compensates for the gradual loss of DNA that occurs during each round of DNA replication due to the end-replication problem. The core catalytic subunit of telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), possesses both reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase activities. The reverse transcriptase activity of TERT enables it to use the RNA template in TERC to synthesize a complementary DNA strand, extending the telomere. The DNA polymerase activity of TERT is crucial for synthesizing the new DNA strand, adding the repeating telomere sequence to the chromosome end. The overall molecular function of telomerase RNA reverse transcriptase activity involves the coordinated action of TERC and TERT to synthesize and elongate telomeres, ensuring the stability and integrity of the genome by preventing chromosome degradation and maintaining proper cell function.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Telomerase reverse transcriptase | A telomerase reverse transcriptase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O14746] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7,8-dihydroxyflavone | 7,8-dihydroxyflavone : A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A naturally occurring flavonoid produced by several plants, including the weed Tridax procumbens (coalbuttons or tridax daisy) and the tree Godmania aesculifolia, In animal models, it has shown efficacy against several diseases of the nervous system, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's. | dihydroxyflavone | antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist |
| ethacridine | Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent. | acridines | |
| berberine | alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound | antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker | |
| 9,10-phenanthrenequinone | 9,10-phenanthrenequinone: structure | phenanthrenes | |
| ethidium bromide | organic bromide salt | geroprotector; intercalator; trypanocidal drug | |
| camptothecin | NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source | delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| staurosporine | indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound | apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector | |
| acridine orange | acridine orange : Fluorescent dye useful for cell cycle determination. It is cell-permeable, and interacts with DNA and RNA by intercalation or electrostatic attractions respectively. acridine orange free base : A member of the class of aminoacridines that is acridine carrying two dimethylamino substituents at positions 3 and 6. The hydrochloride salt is the fluorescent dye 'acridine orange', used for cell cycle determination. Acridine Orange: A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms. | aminoacridines; aromatic amine; tertiary amino compound | fluorochrome; histological dye |
| epigallocatechin gallate | (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis) | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| meridine | meridine: polycyclic alkaloid derived from the marine sponge Corticium sp; structure given in first source | ||
| cryptolepine | cryptolepine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline in which the hydrogen at position N-5 is replaced by a methyl group. cryptolepine: fused indole-quinoline; structure in first source; from CRYPTOLEPIS sanguinolenta | indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| quindoline | quindoline: a fused indole-quinoline alkaloid from CRYPTOLEPIS sanguinolenta; structure | ||
| u 73122 | 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C. | aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides | EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor |
| celastrol | monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; metabolite | |
| alteichin | alteichin: unusual phytotoxin from Alternaria eichorniae, fungal pathogen of water hyacinth; doubly hydrated form of 4,9-dihydroxyperylene-3,10-quinone | polyphenol | |
| 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone | 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone: inhibitors of arachidonic acid peroxidation | ||
| tanshinone ii a | tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source | abietane diterpenoid | |
| Telomestatin | 1,3-oxazoles | ||
| 7,8,3'-trihydroxyflavone | 7,8,3'-trihydroxyflavone: a potent small molecule TrkB receptor agonist that protects spiral ganglion neurons from degeneration both in vitro and in vivo | ||
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-1-benzopyran-4-one | flavones | ||
| 7,8,4'-trihydroxyflavone | |||
| okanin | okanin : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4, 2', 3', and 4' respectively. okanin: hypoglycemic from Coreopsis tinctoria; structure in first source | benzenetriol; chalcones | plant metabolite |
| 3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone | 3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone: from the Sudanese medicinal plant Albizia zygia; structure in first source | flavones | |
| beta-rubromycin | beta-rubromycin: structure given in first source | ||
| mkt 077 | MKT 077: structure given in first source | ||
| braco-19 | BRACO-19: structure in first source | acridines; N-alkylpyrrolidine | |
| bibr 1532 | |||
| n'-(10h-indolo(3,2-b)quinolin-11-yl)-n,n-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine |