lymphocyte migration

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The movement of a lymphocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. [CL:0000542, GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]

Lymphocyte migration is a complex and tightly regulated process that is essential for the immune system to function properly. It involves the movement of lymphocytes from the bone marrow and thymus, where they are generated, to the peripheral lymphoid tissues, such as lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal tissues, where they encounter antigens and initiate an immune response. This process is driven by a combination of chemoattractants, adhesion molecules, and chemokines.

Lymphocytes are constantly circulating throughout the body, constantly moving between the blood and lymph, and between different lymphoid tissues. This constant circulation allows lymphocytes to encounter antigens and initiate an immune response.

Lymphocyte migration begins with the initial recruitment of lymphocytes from the blood into the lymph nodes. This process is driven by chemokines, which are small proteins that attract lymphocytes to specific sites. Chemokines are produced by cells in the lymph nodes, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, and they bind to specific receptors on lymphocytes.

Once lymphocytes have entered the lymph nodes, they need to navigate through the lymph node to find the appropriate antigen. This navigation is guided by chemokines and adhesion molecules, which are expressed on the surface of lymphocytes and lymph node cells. Adhesion molecules allow lymphocytes to adhere to the walls of blood vessels and lymph nodes, and chemokines guide their movement towards the appropriate site.

Once lymphocytes have encountered an antigen, they undergo activation and differentiation. Activated lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate into effector cells, which are specialized cells that can attack pathogens. Effector cells then migrate to the site of infection or inflammation to eliminate the pathogen.

Lymphocyte migration is essential for the immune system to function properly. It allows lymphocytes to encounter antigens, initiate an immune response, and eliminate pathogens. This process is tightly regulated by chemokines, adhesion molecules, and other signaling molecules. Disruptions in lymphocyte migration can lead to immune deficiencies and autoimmune diseases.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (40)